WGU University WGU-SPF Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

WGU University WGU-SPF Online Questions & Answers

• Question 71:

  What is an accurate way to describe a statically typed language?

  A. It uses methods that that produce consistent output based upon the arguments passed to those methods.
  B. It includes custom variable types with methods, information hiding, data abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, and inheritance.
  C. It is based on the concept of modularization and calling procedures or subroutines.
  D. It requires a large number of variables and variable conversions because of the need to commit to a variable type throughout the life of the program.
  D. It requires a large number of variables and variable conversions because of the need to commit to a variable type throughout the life of the program.

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  A statically typed language is one where the type of a variable is known at compile time. This means that the type of each variable must be declared and does not change throughout the program's execution. While this can lead to a larger number of variable declarations and sometimes conversions, it also allows for type checking at compile time, which can catch many errors before the program runs. Statically typed languages include Java, C, C++, and others.

  References:

  Baeldung on Computer Science provides a detailed comparison of statically and dynamically typed languages.

  Stack Overflow discussions offer insights into the characteristics of statically typed languages.

  Techopedia gives a concise definition of what it means for a language to be statically typed.

• Question 72:

  Which control structure is BEST used when a program must repeatedly ask for input until a correct value is entered?

  A. If statement
  B. For loop
  C. While loop
  D. Switch statement
  C. While loop

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  A while loop repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a specified condition remains true. This makes it ideal for situations where input must be requested repeatedly until a valid condition is met, such as entering a correct password.

• Question 73:

  Which output results from the given algorithm?

  

  i = 61 d = 6 c = 0 while i >= d c = c + 1 i = i - d Put c to output

  A. 1
  B. 5
  C. 10
  D. 60
  C. 10

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  The algorithm depicted in the image is a simple loop that iterates 5 times. Each iteration multiplies the current value of i by 2 and adds it to the variable sum. The loop starts with i equal to 1 and sum equal to 0. Here's the breakdown: First iteration: i = 1, sum = 0 + (1 * 2) = 2 Second iteration: i = 2, sum = 2 + (2 * 2) = 6 Third iteration: i = 3, sum = 6 + (3 * 2) = 12 Fourth iteration: i = 4, sum = 12 + (4 * 2) = 20 Fifth iteration: i = 5, sum = 20 + (5 * 2) = 30 However, the algorithm includes a condition that checks if sum is greater than 10. If this condition is true, the algorithm outputs the value of i and stops. This condition is met during the third iteration, where sum becomes 12. Therefore, the algorithm outputs the value of i at that point, which is 3. References: The explanation is based on the standard behavior of loops and conditional statements in programming. For more information on algorithms and their implementation, you can refer to resources like "Introduction to Algorithms" by Cormen et al. and online platforms like GeeksforGeeks.

• Question 74:

  Which statement BEST describes an algorithm?

  A. A programming language feature
  B. A sequence of steps used to solve a problem
  C. A type of variable
  D. A hardware component
  B. A sequence of steps used to solve a problem

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  An algorithm is a clearly defined, step-by-step sequence of instructions used to solve a problem or perform a computation. It is independent of any specific programming language and focuses on the logic needed to reach a solution.

• Question 75:

  What is a string?

  A. A built-in method
  B. A very precise sequence of steps
  C. A sequence of characters
  D. A name that refers to a value
  C. A sequence of characters

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  In the context of programming, a string is traditionally understood as a sequence of characters. It can include letters, digits, symbols, and spaces, and is typically enclosed in quotation marks within the source code. For instance, "Hello, World!" is a string. Strings are used to store and manipulate text-based information, such as user input, messages, and textual data within a program. They are one of the fundamental data types in programming and are essential for building software that interacts with users or handles textual content.

• Question 76:

  Which of the following statements correctly defines a function in Python?

  A. function myFunction() {}
  B. def myFunction() {}
  C. def myFunction():
  D. func myFunction():
  C. def myFunction():

  ---

  In Python, def myFunction(): is the correct way to define a function, followed by an indented block of code.

• Question 77:

  Which problem is solved by DijkStra's shortest path algorithm?

  A. Given an increasing array of numbers is the number 19 in the array?
  B. Given the coordinates of five positions, what is the most fuel-efficient flight pain?
  C. Given two newspaper articles what is the greatest sequence of words shared by both articles?
  D. Given an alphabetized list of face entrants and a person's name, is the person entered in the race?
  B. Given the coordinates of five positions, what is the most fuel-efficient flight pain?

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  Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm is designed to find the shortest path between nodes in a graph. This can be applied to various scenarios, such as routing problems, network optimization, and in this case, determining the most fuel-efficient flight plan. The algorithm works by iteratively selecting the unvisited vertex with the smallest tentative distance from the source, then visiting the neighbors of this vertex and updating their tentative distances if a shorter path is found. This process continues until the destination vertex is reached or all reachable vertices have been visited. In the context of the given options, Dijkstra's algorithm is best suited for option B, where the goal is to find the most fuel-efficient path (i.e., the shortest path) between multiple points (coordinates of five positions). The algorithm is not designed to solve problems like searching for an element in an array (option A), finding the longest common subsequence (option C), or searching for a name in a list (option D). References: GeeksforGeeks article on Dijkstra's Algorithm Wikipedia page on Dijkstra's Algorithm Programiz explanation of Dijkstra's Algorithm

• Question 78:

  It is given that integer x=41 and integer y = 16. What is the value of the expression (x % 8) - y?

  A. -15
  B. -11
  C. -8
  D. 1
  B. -11

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  The expression ((x % 8) - y) involves the modulo operation and subtraction. The modulo operation finds the remainder when ( x ) is divided by ( 8 ). Given ( x = 41 ), we calculate ( 41 % 8 ) which equals ( 1 ) because ( 41 ) divided by ( 8 ) equals ( 5 ) with a remainder of ( 1 ). Then, we subtract ( y ) (which is ( 16 )) from this remainder:

  (41%8)16=116=15

  However, there seems to be a discrepancy here as the calculation shows the answer should be (-15), but this is not an option provided in your question. Please double-check the options or the expression provided.

  References:

  The concept of modulo operation is explained in various programming resources such as Python documentation and C++ reference guides. Basic arithmetic operations and their precedence are covered in introductory programming textbooks and online coding platforms like Codecademy and freeCodeCamp.

• Question 79:

  Which value would require an integer as a data type?

  A. The number of students in a section
  B. The cost of a dinner including tax and tip
  C. The weights of every patient involved in a pharmaceutical
  D. An approximation of the number pi to five decimal places
  A. The number of students in a section

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  An integer data type is used to represent whole numbers without any fractional or decimal component. In the given options:

  A. The number of students in a section is a countable quantity that does not require a fractional part, making it suitable for an integer data type. B. The cost of a dinner including tax and tip would typically involve a decimal to account for cents, thus requiring a floating-point data type. C. The weights of patients are usually measured with precision and can have decimal values, necessitating a floating-point data type. D. An approximation of the number pi to five decimal places is a decimal value and would

  require a floating-point data type.

  References:

  The use of integer data types for countable quantities is a fundamental concept in programming and can be found in introductory programming textbooks such as "Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design" by Tony Gaddis and online resources like the Mozilla Developer Network's (MDN) Web Docs on JavaScript data types./**

• Question 80:

  Which action occurs the design phase of an agile process?

  A. Wring the required objects
  B. Deciding on the scope of the program
  C. Determining the goals of the project.
  D. Determining the functions that need to be written
  D. Determining the functions that need to be written

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  During the design phase of an agile process, the focus is on determining the functions that need to be written. This involves understanding the user requirements and defining the system architecture to meet those needs. The design phase is iterative, allowing for continuous refinement and improvement of the design as more is learned about the system and its users. It's a collaborative effort involving designers, developers, and stakeholders to ensure that the functions align with the goals of the project and the needs of the users. References: The explanation is based on the agile design principles which emphasize iterative development, collaboration, and adaptability. Agile design processes guide the creation of software by focusing on customer needs and iterative improvement