WGU University WGU-SPF Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

WGU University WGU-SPF Online Questions & Answers

• Question 91:

  A program calculates the average miles per gallon given miles traveled and gas consumed

  How should the item that holds me miles per gallon be declared?

  A. Constant float milesTraveled
  B. Variable float milesPerGallon
  C. Variable float milesTraveled
  D. Constant float milesPerGallon
  B. Variable float milesPerGallon

  ---

  In a program that calculates the average miles per gallon based on miles traveled and gas consumed, the item that holds the miles per gallon should be declared as a variable because it will change depending on the input values. The data type should be a floating-point number (float) because miles per gallon is a value that can have a fractional part, and it is not a fixed value, hence it should not be a constant.

  References:

  Best practices in programming suggest using variables for values that change and constants for values that remain the same throughout the program execution. The concept of variables and data types is fundamental in programming and is covered in foundational programming documentation and textbooks.

• Question 92:

  Which operation should be used to check if the difference of two values is greater than 1?

  A. Multiplication
  B. Subtraction
  C. Addition
  D. Division
  B. Subtraction

  ---

  To determine if the difference between two values is greater than 1, the subtraction operation should be used. By subtracting one value from the other, you obtain the difference. If this difference is greater than 1, it confirms that the two values are separated by more than a single unit. This is a fundamental operation in programming and mathematics for comparing magnitudes and is supported by the logical comparison operator > which checks if the result of the subtraction is greater than 1.

  References:

  Using Logical Operator to Test `If Greater Than' Condition.

  Comparison Operators in Excel.

  Assembly language comparison technique.

• Question 93:

  What is the proper way to declare a student's grade point average throughout the term it this item is needed in several places in a program?

  A. variable int gpa
  B. constant float gpa
  C. constant int gpa
  D. variable float gpa
  D. variable float gpa

  ---

  A student's grade point average (GPA) is a numerical representation that typically includes a decimal to account for the precision of the average (e.g., 3.75). Therefore, it should be declared as a floating-point data type to accommodate the decimal part. Since a student's GPA can change over time with the addition of new grades, it should be declared as a variable rather than a constant.

  References:

  The concept of using floating-point variables for numerical data that includes decimals is a standard practice in programming. This is discussed in programming resources such as "Programming: Principles and Practice Using C++" by Bjarne Stroustrup, which explains data types and their uses. Additionally, the concept of variables and constants is covered in "The C Programming Language" by Brian W.

  Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie.

• Question 94:

  What are two example of valid function calls? Choose 2 answers.

  A. round_number(4.723, 2)
  B. convort_value(12) returns cVa1
  C. Printsample()
  D. CountFactors(96 integer)
  E. function Sample (float 2.0)
  F. GetHeight(integer 3, integer 4)
  C. Printsample()
  F. GetHeight(integer 3, integer 4)

  ---

  A. round_number(4.723, 2) - This is not a valid function call because there is no function named round_number defined in the given context.

  B. convort_value(12) - This is not a valid function call either. Additionally, the expected return value "cVa1" seems to be a typo or an incorrect value. C. Printsample() - This is a valid function call. It invokes the function named Printsample. D. CountFactors(96 integer) - This is not a valid function call. The parameter "integer" should not be included in the function call.

  E. function Sample(float 2.0) - This is not a valid function call. The function name should not start with the keyword "function," and the parameter "float 2.0" is not correctly formatted.

  F. GetHeight(integer 3, integer 4) - This is a valid function call. It calls the function GetHeight with two integer arguments: 3 and 4. References GeeksforGeeks: Function Calling in Programming Stack Overflow: Different ways to call a function

• Question 95:

  What is one task that could be accomplish using a while loop?

  A. After inputting two numbers, the program prints out the larger of the two
  B. A user is asked to enter a password repeatedly until either a correct password is entered or five incorrect attempts have been made.
  C. When the user Inputs a number, the program outputs "True" when the number Is a multiple of 10
  D. The user inputs an integer, and the program prints out whether the number is even or odd and whether the number Is positive, negative, or zero.
  B. A user is asked to enter a password repeatedly until either a correct password is entered or five incorrect attempts have been made.

  ---

  A while loop is used to repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a specified condition is true. In the context of the given options:

  Option A could use a simple if-else statement to compare two numbers and print the larger one.

  Option B is a classic example of a use case for a while loop. The loop can run until the correct password is entered or the maximum number of attempts is reached. Option C could be accomplished with a single if statement to check if the number is a multiple of 10.

  Option D can also be done with an if-else statement to check the properties of the number.

  Therefore, the task that is best suited for a while loop is Option B, where the user is asked to enter a password repeatedly until a correct password is entered or a certain number of incorrect attempts have been made. This requires the program to loop through the password prompt and check the conditions after each input, which is what while loops are designed for.

  References:

  "Programming Foundations: Fundamentals" by Simon Allardice, Lynda.com. "Introduction to Computer Science and Programming Using Python," MITx on edX.

  "Python Crash Course" by Eric Matthes.

• Question 96:

  Which expression has a values equal to the rightmost digit of the integer q = 16222?

  A. Q / 100000
  B. 10 % q
  C. Q % 10
  D. Q % 10000````````````````````
  C. Q % 10

  ---

  The modulus operator % is used to find the remainder of a division of two numbers. When you use q % 10, you are essentially dividing q by 10 and taking the remainder, which will always be the rightmost digit of q in base 10. This is because our number system is decimal (base 10), and any number modulo 10 will yield the last digit of that number. For example, 16222 % 10 will give 2, which is the rightmost digit of 16222. References: The explanation aligns with standard programming practices and mathematical operations as verified by multiple programming resources1

• Question 97:

  Which symbol is used in flowcharts to represent a decision point?

  A. Oval
  B. Rectangle
  C. Diamond
  D. Parallelogram
  C. Diamond

  ---

  In flowcharts, a diamond symbol represents a decision point where a condition is evaluated and the flow branches based on a yes or no outcome. This symbol is essential for modeling conditional logic visually.

• Question 98:

  A programmer has been hired to create an inventory system for the books in a library. What is the waterfall phase in which waterfall outlining all the functions that need to be written to support the inventory system?

  A. Implementation
  B. Testing
  C. Analysis
  D. Design
  D. Design

  ---

  In the Waterfall model of software development, the phase where all functions that need to be written to support the inventory system would be outlined is the Design phase. This phase is critical as it translates the requirements gathered during the analysis phase into a blueprint for constructing the system. It involves two subphases:

  logical design and physical design. The logical design subphase is where possible solutions are brainstormed and theorized, while the physical design subphase is when those theoretical ideas and schemas are turned into concrete specifications.

  References:

  The explanation is based on the standard Waterfall model phases, which include Requirements, Design, Implementation, Verification, and Maintenance. More detailed information on these phases can be found in resources like "Waterfall Methodology: The Ultimate Guide to the Waterfall Model" by ProjectManager and other educational platforms.

• Question 99:

  Which characteristic specifically describes an object-oriented language?

  A. Supports creating programs as a set of functions
  B. Requires a compiler to convert to machine code
  C. Can be run on any machine that has an interpreter
  D. Supports creating programs as items that have data plus operations.
  D. Supports creating programs as items that have data plus operations.

  ---

  Object-oriented programming (OOP) is characterized by the concept of encapsulating data and operations within objects. This characteristic is fundamental to OOP and distinguishes it from procedural programming, which is structured around functions rather than objects. In OOP, objects are instances of classes, which define the data (attributes) and the operations (methods) that can be performed on that data. This encapsulation of data and methods within objects allows for more modular, reusable, and

  maintainable code.

  References: The characteristics of object-oriented programming languages are well- documented and include encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism. These principles are foundational to OOP and are supported by languages like C++, Java, and Python.

• Question 100:

  What is an example of an algorithm?

  A. The list contains apples bananas, and oranges
  B. A webpage uses an HTML file type
  C. The sign of two integers determines the sign of the product
  D. Unplug the device, wait 30 seconds, and restart the device.
  D. Unplug the device, wait 30 seconds, and restart the device.

  ---

  An algorithm is a set of instructions designed to perform a specific task or solve a problem. It is a sequence of steps that are followed to achieve a particular outcome. In the context of the given options, the correct example of an algorithm is option D. This option outlines a series of steps to troubleshoot a device, which is a common algorithmic procedure known as "power cycling" or "resetting." It involves turning off a device, waiting for a short period, and then turning it back on. This process can resolve temporary issues by clearing the device's memory and resetting its state. Option A is incorrect because it is simply a list of items, not a sequence of steps with a specific goal. Option B is also incorrect as it describes a file type used in web development, not a set of instructions. Option C is a statement about a mathematical property, not an algorithm. References: The definition and examples of algorithms can be found in various educational resources and programming literature. For instance, Scribbr provides a clear explanation of what an algorithm is and how it functions in both daily life and computer science1. Additionally, GeeksforGeeks offers insights into the definition, types, complexity, and examples of algorithms2. These sources corroborate the explanation provided here and offer further reading on the subject.