Scrum Scrum Certifications PSM-II Questions & Answers

• Question 131:

  Technical Debt can lead to false assumptions about the current state of the system and the Increment reviewed at the end of the Sprint.

  A. True

  B. False

  Correct Answer: A

  Technical debt is any shortcomings in the code. It is a natural by-product of software development (unavoidable) and can at best be managed. If neglected, it will compound and have a negative effect on the team's ability to the deliver value. A team can have an artificially high velocity by taking shortcuts or introducing technical, debt into the system. This can give a false assumption about the current state of the product. It can look good on the surface but underneath can be a mess.

• Question 132:

  If burndown charts are used to visualize progress, what does a trendline through a release burndown chart indicate?

  A. When all work will be completed so the Scrum Team can start work on a new Product Backlog.

  B. When the project will be over if the Product Owner removes work that is equal in effort to any new work that is added.

  C. When the work remaining is projected to be completed if nothing changes on the Product Backlog or Development Team.

  D. The evolution of the return of investment on the project.

  Correct Answer: C

  The trendline is based on the team's average velocity and the projective completion to zero is based on the team's velocity. The burndown chart is a helpful tool for Development Teams to self-manage BUT it is not mandatory as the teams will decide the best way to manage their own progress and promote transparency.

• Question 133:

  What is a good way for a Scrum Team to ensure that security concerns are addressed and transparent?

  A. Add Security Sprints to resolve security concerns when needed.

  B. Have the Scrum Team create Product Backlog items for each concern and/or add security concerns to the definition of "Done".

  C. Create a separate backlog for security items and only work on the items when a specialist becomes available.

  D. Delegate the work to an external team.

  Correct Answer: B

  The Product Backlog and the Definition of "Done" are artifacts that promote transparency.

• Question 134:

  In what two ways is velocity and technical debt related? (Choose two.)

  A. They are not related because technical debt is non-functional and velocity is calculated based on end user functionality.

  B. As the Development Team is working on new Product Backlog items, they may unexpectedly run into technical debt that will result the team's velocity dropping.

  C. A Development Team can artificially increase velocity by allowing technical debt to be incurred.

  D. Adding estimates to technical debt will allow the Development Team to maintain constant velocity therefore ensuring predictability.

  Correct Answer: BC

  Technical debt is a natural occurrence when developing complex products. It is a concept in software development that reflects the implied cost of additional rework caused by choosing an easy solution now instead of using a better approach that would take longer. And how it is managed will depend on the team AND context of the situation.

• Question 135:

  A new Product Owner has joined an existing Scrum Team that has been working together for eight Sprints. The Development Team has grown to have a good understanding of the functionality and business for the product they have been building. The Product Owner, being new to the company, is unsure about his responsibilities.

  As a Scrum Master explain what two acceptable ways of helping the Product Owner would be. (Choose two.)

  A. You advise the Product Owner to start building a good relationship with the stakeholders of the product. Ongoing interaction with them is important to regularly align with changing organizational or market expectations. The Product Owner is also expected to invite the right stakeholders to the Sprint Review meeting.

  B. You inform the Product Owner that, in today's highly competitive markets, it is important that the Development Team is updated on changing business priorities on a daily basis. The Daily Scrum allows the Development Team to adapt to the changes in scope without delay.

  C. You tell the Product Owner to make sure that there are no ambiguities or possible misunderstandings in the items on the Product Backlog when they are handed over to the Development Team. This is best done by capturing the functional requirements during an analysis phase, resulting in documents that are considered as the working product of such analysis Sprints.

  D. You advise the Product Owner to rely on the Development Team and the stakeholders to formulate the Product Backlog, as they are the ones most knowledgeable. By asking questions and working with them the Product Owner will quickly be up to speed.

  Correct Answer: AD

  The ones that are closest to the work are the best ones to understand and explain what the work is and what the needs of the users and product are.

• Question 136:

  Steven is a Scrum Master on a new Scrum Team.

  What would be the best way for him to determine if the Product Owner is interacting enough with the Development Team during a Sprint?

  A. Check whether the Product Owner is actively engaged at the Daily Scrums.

  B. Check whether the Increment presented at the Sprint Review meets the Product Owner's expectations.

  C. See whether the Product Owner has provided enough information at the Sprint Planning to make his/her presence optional during the Sprint. The level of autonomy within Development Team can be the result of having the right presence from the Product Owner.

  D. The Product Owner must always be present with the Development Team. Unavailability of the Product Owner is prohibited in Scrum.

  Correct Answer: C

  Outcomes of the Scrum Team are affected by the Product Owner's participation and availability. During a Sprint he/she is responsible for answering questions from the Development Team about items in the current Sprint and optimizing the value of the work the Development Team does.

• Question 137:

  At the Sprint Planning, the Development Team is not able to forecast the number of Product Backlog items it can do in the upcoming Sprint due to unclear requirements. The Product Owner, however, was able to clearly define the business objective he hopes to achieve in the Sprint.

  Which of the following two actions would you support? (Choose two.)

  A. The Development Team forecasts the most likely Product Backlog items to meet the business objective and create a Sprint Backlog based on a likely initial design and plan. Once the time- box for the Sprint Planning meeting is over, they start implementation and continue to analyze, decompose, and create additional functionality during the Sprint.

  B. If all agree they can extend the Sprint Planning until the Development Team can forecast enough Product Backlog items before starting the implementation.

  C. Allow the Development Team members as much time as needed to review the Product Backlog items and reconvene with the Product Owner when they are confident enough to make a forecast for the Sprint.

  D. They discuss in the upcoming Sprint Retrospective why this happened and what changes will make it less likely to occur again.

  Correct Answer: AD

  All events are time-boxed events, such that every event has a maximum duration. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint. This emergence occurs as the Development Team works through the plan and learns more about the work needed to achieve the Sprint Goal.

• Question 138:

  During the Sprint Review, the Product Owner decides to release the current Increment to production. The stakeholders suggest temporarily delaying the next Sprint in order to respond more quickly to user feedback after the release. The Product Owner prefers to continue to the next Sprint and make progress towards the next release. Steven, the Scrum Master, begins facilitating the discussion.

  What would be two acceptable outcomes of the discussion? (Choose two.)

  A. Continue with the Sprints and include the customer feedback in the Product Backlog.

  B. Delay the next Sprint to allow the Development Team to work on new customer feedback.

  C. Continue with the Sprints but shorten the Sprint time-boxes to allow for shorter feedback loops.

  D. Continue with the Sprints but allow the Sprint Goal within the Sprint to change according to the customer feedback.

  Correct Answer: AC

  A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint. Delaying the start of the next Sprint interrupts progress and can reduce the Time-to-Market. Shortening the Sprint length allows the team to respond quicker to changes outside of the Sprint plan and while still allowing delivery of business value. Adding user feedback to the Product Backlog helps the Product Owner with ordering the backlog to maximize the flow of value.

  During the Sprint no changes are made that would endanger the Sprint Goal.

• Question 139:

  Scrum addresses which of the following four risks in software development? (Choose four.)

  A. The complexity and unpredictability of the requirements.

  B. The stability and complexity of the technology.

  C. The skills and working relationships of the people on the teams.

  D. The timescale of the planned work.

  E. The clear definitions of stages and gateways in the overall governance model.

  F. The definition of incentive and bonus strategies by HR for all team members.

  Correct Answer: ABCD

  Scrum is a framework within which people can address complex adaptive problems, while productively and creatively developing, delivering, and sustaining complex products of the highest possible value. Scrum employs an iterative, incremental approach to optimize predictability and control risk.

• Question 140:

  After several Sprints, a key stakeholder starts using the product. The stakeholder is surprised by the slow performance and complains to the Product Owner. The Product Owner comes to the Scrum Master asking for advice.

  What is the best action for a Scrum Master to take?

  A. Wait until the next Sprint Retrospective as it is the most opportune time to modify the Definition of Done.

  B. Bring the concern to the testers in the Development Team and ask them to include performance testing.

  C. Explain to the Product Owner that it's up to the Development Team to. decide on acceptable performance standards as they own the Definition of Done.

  D. Encourage the Product Owner to bring the performance concerns to the Development Team and work with them on how to improve performance, and ultimately have stronger Definition of Done.

  Correct Answer: D

  The highest priority of agility is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software. Because the Development Team is the one doing the work and increments must meet performance standards, they can expand their Definition of Done to include more stringent criteria for higher quality.