NCLEX NCLEX Certifications NCLEX-PN Questions & Answers

• Question 761:

  Which of the following differentiates ulcerative colitis from Crohn's disease?

  A. Crohn's disease primarily affects the left colon and rectum and ulcerative colitis most often affects the right colon and distal ileum.

  B. Crohn's disease presents with shallow ulcerations and ulcerative colitis presents with a cobblestone appearance of the mucosal lining.

  C. The extent of involvement is noncontiguous and segmented with Crohn's disease and it is contiguous and diffuse with ulcerative colitis.

  D. Crohn's disease has primarily mucosal involvement and it is transmural with ulcerative colitis.

  Correct Answer: C

  The extent of involvement is noncontiguous and segmented with Crohn's disease; and it is contiguous and diffuse with ulcerative colitis.

• Question 762:

  Which statement about appendicitis is accurate and true?

  A. Appendicitis is more common among females than males.

  B. A high fiber diet is a risk factor associated with appendicitis.

  C. Left lower quadrant pain is suggestive of appendicitis.

  D. Mc Burney's point tenderness is suggestive of appendicitis.

  Correct Answer: D

  Mc Burney's point tenderness in the right lower quadrant is suggestive of appendicitis.

  Appendicitis is more common among males than females and those with a high carbohydrate and/or low

  fiber diet are at risk for this inflammation and infection.

• Question 763:

  Which type of practice is most similar to research based practice?

  A. Best practices

  B. Evidence based practice

  C. Benchmark practices

  D. Standard based practice

  Correct Answer: B

  Evidence-based practice is an approach to patient care that encourages nurses to use the best available

  evidence, or research, in combination with the individual patient's circumstances and preferences in

  clinical practice.

  Simply stated, evidence based practice is research based practice.

  Best practices may or may not be based on sound research; benchmarks are similar to best practices and

  these benchmarks are used so that nurses can compare their outcomes of care to those of others.

  Standards of care are guidelines for practice; standards of care and standards of practice are published by

  the American Nurses Association as well as other professional organizations and associations.

• Question 764:

  The normal sodium level in the body is __________.

  A. 135 to 145 milliequivalents

  B. 3 to 5 milliequivalents

  C. 135 to 145 microequivalents

  D. 3 to 5 microequivalents

  Correct Answer: A

  The normal sodium level in the body is from 135 to 145 milliequivalents, not from 135 to 145 microequivalents.

• Question 765:

  When a woman has miscarried in three or more consecutive pregnancies, it is referred to a __________ type of spontaneous abortion.

  A. Inevitable

  B. Missed

  C. Habitual

  D. Habitual

  Correct Answer: C

  When a woman has miscarried in three or more consecutive pregnancies, it is referred to as habitual

  abortions. Habitual abortions are often the result of the additional emotional trauma experienced from

  multiple miscarries.

  Inevitable abortions are characterizing with bleeding and dilation of the cervical os.

  When the fetus dies and growth ends, but remains in utero, it is called a missed abortion.

  Foul-smelling bleeding, fever, and cramping often occur with a septic abortion which is often the result of

  severe infections.

• Question 766:

  Multifetal pregnancies with triplets occur at a rate of 1 in 8,100 births, but twins occur much more frequently with a rate of __________.

  A. 1 in 85 births

  B. 1 in 5400 births

  C. 1 in 2700 births

  D. 1 in 540 births

  Correct Answer: A

  Twins, whether monozygotic or dizygotic, occur at the rate of about 1 in every 85 births.

  This rate has seen increases due to various reasons, such as the frequency of fertility treatments and

  women waiting until later in life to have children; older women, defined as over 35 years old, are more

  likely to carry multiples than younger women.

• Question 767:

  Alcohol, caffeine, or drugs are high risk factors that all fall under which broad classification of risk factors?

  A. Social demographic

  B. Environmental

  C. Biophysical

  D. Psychosocial

  Correct Answer: D

  Psychosocial risk factors include life style choices like the use or abuse of alcohol, caffeine and illicit drugs

  in addition to smoking and psychological status.

  Low income, age, and ethnicity are social demographic risk factors.

  Second hand smoke and air pollution are environmental risk factors; and biophysical risk factors include

  genetic considerations, nutritional status and disorders such as diabetes.

• Question 768:

  Which nursing diagnosis is the most commonly used among patients who are affected with fibromyalgia?

  A. Decreased self-care in the activities of daily living related to fatigue.

  B. Impaired mental functioning related to electrolyte imbalances.

  C. Increased vigilance secondary to electrolyte imbalances.

  D. At risk for a swallowing disorder related to fibromyalgia.

  Correct Answer: A

  The signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia include widespread aching, muscle stiffness, fatigue and sleep disorders. The degree of fatigue can be so severe that the patient is unable to even perform the activities of daily living. Fibromyalgia, a chronic disorder associated with periods of exacerbation and remission is not associated with a swallowing disorder, hypervigilance, mental functioning alterations or electrolyte imbalances.

• Question 769:

  What percentage of term newborns has a congenital heart disease due to environmental risk factors such as maternal alcoholism or drug ingestion?

  A. 2% to 4%

  B. 10% to 20%

  C. 5% to 10%

  D. 7% to 9%

  Correct Answer: C

  It is estimated that 5% to 10% of term newborns are born with a congenital heart disease due to environmental risk factors such as maternal alcoholism or drug ingestion. This rate is higher in infants born prematurely. Other environmental risk factors include intrauterine rubella exposure, diabetes mellitus and advanced maternal age in addition to genetic factors.

• Question 770:

  You are caring for a neonate who has a cleft palate.

  You should inform the mother that surgical correction will be done when the infant is __________.

  A. 8 to 12 months of age

  B. 20 to 24 months of age

  C. 16 to 20 months of age

  D. 12 to 16 months of age

  Correct Answer: A

  Repairs of cleft palates are typically done before 12 months because this allows for palatal changes associated with normal growth to occur. While repairs can still be performed after one year of age but this increases the likelihood of needing longer-termed treatments and increased risks for poor language development and facial appearance.