NCLEX NCLEX-PN Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

NCLEX NCLEX-PN Online Questions & Answers

• Question 781:

  The test used to differentiate sickle cell trait from sickle cell disease is __________.

  A. sickle cell preparation
  B. peripheral smear
  C. sickledex
  D. hemoglobin electrophoresis
  D. hemoglobin electrophoresis

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  Hemoglobin electrophoresis is used to differentiate between sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease.

• Question 782:

  Which of the following is responsible for laws mandating the reporting of certain infections and diseases?

  A. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
  B. individual state laws
  C. National Institute of Health Research (NIH)
  D. Health and Human Services (HHS)
  B. individual state laws

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:Individual state laws mandate the reporting of infectious diseases. The list of reportable diseases varies from state to state and is overseen by state health departments. CDC reporting is voluntary and done via collaboration with state agencies. There are 58 emerging infectious diseases under surveillance by the CDC.

• Question 783:

  A patient is refusing to stay in the hospital because he does not agree with his healthcare treatment plan. The nurse stops the patient from leaving due to concern for his health. Which of these legal charges could the nurse face?

  A. Invasion of privacy, as the nurse is getting involved in the patient's private decisions regarding healthcare.
  B. False imprisonment, as the nurse is not allowing the patient to leave as he has decided to.
  C. Malpractice, as the nurse is intentionally keeping the patient from making his own decisions, thus violating that nursing duty.
  D. Negligence, as the nurse ignored the patient's right to choose with regard to his healthcare.
  B. False imprisonment, as the nurse is not allowing the patient to leave as he has decided to.

• Question 784:

  An infection in a central venous access device is not eliminated by giving antibiotics through the catheter.

  How might bacterial glycocalyx contribute to this?

  A. It protects the bacteria from antibiotic and immunologic destruction.
  B. Glycocalyx neutralizes the antibiotic, rendering it ineffective.
  C. It competes with the antibiotic for binding sites on the microbe.
  D. Glycocalyx provides nutrients for microbial growth.
  A. It protects the bacteria from antibiotic and immunologic destruction.

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  Glycocalyx is a viscous polysaccharide or polypeptide slime that covers microbes. It enhances adherence to surfaces, resists phagocytic engulfment by the white blood cells, and prevents antibiotics from contacting the microbe. Glycocalyx does not have the effects described in Choices "Glycocalyx neutralizes the antibiotic, rendering it ineffective.", "It competes with the antibiotic for binding sites on the microbe." and "Glycocalyx provides nutrients for microbial growth."

• Question 785:

  Using the FLACC pain scale, how should the LPN document pain for a non-verbal patient with these findings:

  Face ?occasional grimacing Legs ?relaxed Activity ?Squirming Cry ?moans and whimpers Consolability ?distractible.

  A. 5
  B. 4
  C. 3
  D. 8
  B. 4

• Question 786:

  A client has chronic respiratory acidosis caused by end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Oxygen is delivered at 1 L/min per nasal cannula. The nurse teaches the family that the reason for this is to avoid respiratory depression, based on which of the following explanations?

  A. COPD clients are stimulated to breathe by hypoxia.
  B. COPD clients depend on a low carbon dioxide level.
  C. COPD clients tend to retain hydrogen ions if they are given high doses of oxygen.
  D. COPD clients thrive on a high oxygen level.
  A. COPD clients are stimulated to breathe by hypoxia.

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:COPD clients are compensating for low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels. Hypoxia is the main stimulus to breathe in persons with chronic hypercapnia. Increasing the level of oxygen decreases the stimulus to breathe.

• Question 787:

  What is the single most important thing that nurses do in order to prevent the spread of infection?

  A. Applying standard precautions.
  B. Using personal protective equipment.
  C. Adhering to the principles of asepsis.
  D. Handwashing.
  D. Handwashing.

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  Handwashing is the single, most important thing that nurses, and other healthcare professionals, can do in order to prevent the spread of infection. Applying standard precautions, using personal protective equipment, as indicated, and adhering to the principles of asepsis also prevent the spread of infections; however, handwashing is the single most important thing to prevent the spread of infection.

• Question 788:

  Which of the following lab values is elevated first after a client has a myocardial infarction?

  A. LDH
  B. troponin
  C. CPK
  D. SGOT
  B. troponin

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:The troponin level is the first to rise in a client who has had a myocardial infarction, followed by CPK, SGOT, and LDH.

• Question 789:

  Following an automobile accident that caused a head injury to an adult client, the nurse observes that the client sleeps for long periods of time. The nurse determines that the client has experienced injury to the __________.

  A. hypothalamus
  B. thalamus
  C. cortex
  D. medulla
  A. hypothalamus

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:The hypothalamus, when injured, can cause fluctuations and disruptions in sleep patterns.

• Question 790:

  A nurse is returning phone calls in a pediatric clinic.

  Which of the following reports most requires the nurse's immediate attention and phone call?

  A. A 8-year-old boy has been vomiting and appears to have slower movements and has a history of an atrio-ventricular shunt placement.
  B. A 10-year-old girl feels a dull pain in her abdomen after doing sit-ups in gym class.
  C. A 7-year-old boy has been having a low fever and headache for the past 3 days that has history of an anterior knee wound.
  D. A 7-year-old girl that had a cast on her right ankle is complaining of itching.
  A. A 8-year-old boy has been vomiting and appears to have slower movements and has a history of an atrio-ventricular shunt placement.

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:The shunt may be blocked and require immediate medical attention.