NCLEX NCLEX Certifications NCLEX-PN Questions & Answers

• Question 741:

  Which statement about glaucoma is true and accurate?

  A. Acute angle-closure glaucoma is an ocular emergency.

  B. Acute angle-closure glaucoma leads to the loss of peripheral vision and tunnel vision.

  C. Primary open-angle glaucoma leads to eye pain, nausea and vomiting, blurry vision and halos.

  D. Bubbles are implanted to protect the retina from the glaucoma.

  Correct Answer: A

  Acute angle-closure glaucoma is an ocular emergency and it is characterized with eye pain, nausea and

  vomiting, blurry vision and halos.

  The signs and symptoms of primary open-angle glaucoma are the loss of peripheral vision and tunnel

  vision.

  Bubbles are placed to treat retinal detachments, another ocular emergency and laser peripheral iridotomy

  to decrease intraocular pressure is used for the treatment of glaucoma.

• Question 742:

  Most water leaves the body by way of the __________.

  A. lungs

  B. intestines

  C. skin

  D. kidneys

  Correct Answer: D

  The kidneys, via urine, excrete approximately 60% of all water.

  Water, in lesser volumes, also leaves the body by way of lung expiration, skin perspiration, and through

  the intestines.

• Question 743:

  How many calories per kilogram does an average full term infant require when the infants is around 1-2 months old?

  A. 140 calories per kilogram per day

  B. 120 calories per kilogram per day

  C. 100 calories per kilogram per day

  D. 160 calories per kilogram per day

  Correct Answer: B

  An average full-term newborn requires 120 calories per kilogram of weight each day to grow into a healthy child. For example, if a newborn weighs 4.55 kilograms, multiply 4.55 by 120. 546 calories would be what an infant should consume in one day.

• Question 744:

  Your pediatric weighs 15.8 kg.

  How many pounds does this child weigh?

  A. 36 pounds

  B. 33.6 pounds

  C. 35 pounds

  D. 34.8 pounds

  Correct Answer: D

  Since there are 2.2 pound in one kilogram, you calculate the weight in pounds by multiplying 2.2 by the kg weight as below.

• Question 745:

  Which patient is most at risk for Osgood-Schlatter disease?

  A. An elderly female who is hospitalized with a hip fracture and on bedrest

  B. A middle aged male patient who has been exposed to asbestos in the shipping industry

  C. An adolescent who is physically active and the captain of their soccer team

  D. An infant of low birth weight and a gestational age of 28 weeks

  Correct Answer: C

  An adolescent who is physically active and the captain of their soccer team is at greatest risk for Osgood-

  Schlatter disease which results from the overuse of the knee and is characterized with patellar tendon

  inflammation.

  Other sports that can lead to this disease include running, basketball and gymnastics.

  Mesothelioma results from asbestos exposure.

  Lastly, immobility, low birth weight and low gestational age are not associated with Osgood-Schlatter

  disease.

• Question 746:

  You are performing a neurological assessment of your adolescent patient. The patient has the Moro reflex.

  How should you interpret this neurological assessment finding?

  A. It is normal among adolescents.

  B. It indicates that the patient has an intact peripheral nervous system.

  C. It indicates that the patient has an intact central nervous system.

  D. It is not a normal finding.

  Correct Answer: D

  The Moro reflex is a primitive, childhood reflex that disappears long before adolescence and at about 3

  months after birth. The Moro reflex is also referred to as the startle reflex.

  Other primitive, infant reflexes are the sucking, rooting, step, tonic neck, Galant, grasp and parachute

  reflexes.

• Question 747:

  The mnemonic "PERLA" is useful for the assessment of the eyes.

  What does PERLA stand for?

  A. Pupils equally reactive to light and accommodation

  B. Patient eyes are equally recessed and responsive to light and acuity

  C. Patient eyes are equally responsive to light and acuity

  D. Pupils equally reactive to light and acuity

  Correct Answer: A

  The mnemonic "PERLA" stands for pupils equally reactive to light and accommodation, not acuity. Visual acuity is tested with the Snellen Chart among adult patients.

• Question 748:

  Select the cranial nerve that is accurately paired with its name.

  A. The first cranial nerve: The trochlear nerve.

  B. The twelfth cranial nerve: The hypoglossal nerve.

  C. The tenth cranial nerve: The olfactory nerve.

  D. The thirteenth cranial nerve: The auditory nerve.

  E. Olfactory Nerve: Transmits the sense of smell.

  F. Optic Nerve: Transmits visual signals from the retina of the eye to the brain.

  G. Oculomotor Nerve: Controls most eye movements.

  H. Trochlear Nerve: Moves the eyeballs.

  I. Trigeminal Nerve: Innervates the chewing muscles.

  J. Abducens Nerve: Eye abduction.

  K. Facial Nerve: Controls facial expressions, the lacrimal glands, the salivary glands and other muscles.

  L. Acoustic Nerve: Gravity, sound and rotation sensations.

  M. Glossopharyngeal Nerve: Senses taste.

  N. Vagus Nerve: It innervates the laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles and controls voice resonance and swallowing.

  O. Spinal Accessory Nerve: It innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles.

  Correct Answer: B

  The twelfth cranial nerve is the hypoglossal nerve. This nerve controls and provides motor innervation to the tongue muscles.

• Question 749:

  Which anatomic malformations are associated with the Tetralogy of Fallot?

  A. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow.

  B. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, and left ventricular outflow.

  C. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, pulmonary atresia, and right ventricular outflow.

  D. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow.

  Correct Answer: D

  The Tetralogy of Fallot consists of a sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right, not left, ventricular

  hypertrophy, and right, not left, ventricular outflow.

  Pulmonary atresia is not one of the anatomical malformations included in the Tetralogy of Fallot.

• Question 750:

  How long can women lactate for?

  A. Indefinitely

  B. 12 to 18 months

  C. 18 to 24 months

  D. 30 to 36 months

  Correct Answer: A

  A woman can lactate indefinitely; however, it puts them at risk of developing osteoporosis due to the calcium depletion from the bones and teeth. Letting the baby wean itself is ideal. Ideally, all babies should be exclusively breastfed for six months with the gradual introduction of solid foods while continuing to breastfeed. Most women in the United States stop breastfeeding following the twelfth month of life.