NCLEX NCLEX-PN Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

NCLEX NCLEX-PN Online Questions & Answers

• Question 401:

  The nurse explains to a client who underwent gastric resection that __________ meals is most likely to cause rapid emptying of the stomach.

  A. a high-protein meal
  B. a high-fat meal
  C. a large meal regardless of nutrient content
  D. a high-carbohydrate meal
  D. a high-carbohydrate meal

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  Meals that are high in carbohydrates promote rapid gastric emptying. The other options are associated with decreased emptying time.

• Question 402:

  Physical examination of a client regarding mobility status should __________.

  A. begin with gait
  B. be oriented to time, place, and person
  C. begin with the Romberg test
  D. begin with the Tandem Walk test
  A. begin with gait

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:Gait is usually assessed as the client walks into the room. Normal gait is smooth, flowing, and rhythmic without assistive devices.

• Question 403:

  Metformin (Glucophage) is administered to clients with type II diabetes mellitus.

  Metformin is an example of __________.

  A. an antihyperglycemic agent
  B. a hypoglycemic agent
  C. an insulin analogue
  D. a pancreatic alpha cell stimulant
  A. an antihyperglycemic agent

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  This antihyperglycemic agent prevents hyperglycemia by reducing hepatic glucose output and decreasing glucose absorption from the gut. A hypoglycemic drug stimulates insulin production. Metformin is not a type of insulin. Metformin is not a stimulant of any pancreatic cell.

• Question 404:

  The nurse who was not promoted tells another friend, "I knew I'd never get the job. The hospital administrator hates me."

  If she actually believes this of the administrator, who, in reality, knows little of her, she is demonstrating __________.

  A. compensation
  B. reaction formation
  C. projection
  D. denial
  C. projection

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  Projection results in unconsciously adopting blaming behavior. It attributes unacceptable attributes to other people. Compensation results in the nurse unconsciously attempting to emphasize a strong point in an attempt to make up for a perceived weakness. Reaction formation unconsciously adopts behavior that is opposite her actual feelings. Denial involves ignoring the existence of an unpleasant reality.

• Question 405:

  Select all the possible opportunistic infections that adversely affect HIV/AIDS infected patients. (Choose all that apply.)

  A. Visual losses
  B. Kaposi's sarcoma
  C. Wilms' sarcoma
  D. Tuberculosis
  E. Peripheral neuropathy
  F. Toxoplasma gondii
  B. Kaposi's sarcoma
  D. Tuberculosis
  F. Toxoplasma gondii

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:Kaposi's sarcoma, tuberculosis, toxoplasma gondii, mycobacterium avium, herpes simplex, histoplasmosis and salmonella infections are HIV/AIDS associated opportunistic infections. Although many affected patients can experience blindness and peripheral neuropathy, these disorders result from impaired nervous system damage rather than an infection. Lastly, Wilms' tumor is a pediatric form of kidney cancer and it is neither an infection nor something that typically affects the patient with HIV/AIDS.

• Question 406:

  The PN walks into the patient's room and observes the patient having an asthma attack.

  What would be the best position for this patient?

  A. lying flat with arms crossed over chest
  B. sitting up, bent forward, arms resting
  C. left lateral Sims position
  D. standing with arms at side
  B. sitting up, bent forward, arms resting

• Question 407:

  Two staff nurses were considered for promotion to head nurse. The promotion is announced via a memo on the unit bulletin board. The nurse who was not promoted tells a friend, "Oh, well, I really didn't want the job anyway."

  This is an example of __________.

  A. rationalization
  B. denial
  C. projection
  D. compensation
  A. rationalization

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  This is called the sour grapes form of rationalization. Rationalization is an unconscious form of self-deception in which excuses are made. Denial is an unconscious process that ignores the existence of the situation. Projection operates unconsciously and results in blaming behavior. Compensation is an attempt to make up for a perceived weakness by emphasizing a strong point.

• Question 408:

  Which of the following individuals may legally give informed consent?

  A. an 86-year-old male with advanced Alzheimer's disease
  B. a 14-year-old girl needing an appendectomy who is not an emancipated minor
  C. a 72-year-old female scheduled for a heart transplant
  D. a 6-month-old baby needing bowel surgery
  C. a 72-year-old female scheduled for a heart transplant

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  The 72-year-old client scheduled for heart transplant surgery may give informed consent for the surgery. There are no age limitations with the exception of minors. Choices "an 86-year-old male with advanced Alzheimer's disease", "a 14year-old girl needing an appendectomy who is not an emancipated minor" and "6-month-old baby needing bowel surgery" are incorrect. An individual with advanced Alzheimer's disease is incompetent to make decisions. Only an emancipated minor may give consent (a 14-year-old child who lives alone, away from family, and is totally independent). Infants are unable to give consent.

• Question 409:

  Spirituality affects a client's life in all of the following areas except __________.

  A. nutritional intake
  B. ability to handle stress
  C. sexual expression
  D. genetic makeup
  D. genetic makeup

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  Spirituality is a belief in or relationship with some higher power, creative force, divine being, or infinite source of energy and does not have any effect on genetic makeup.

• Question 410:

  Laboratory tests reveal the following electrolyte values for Mr. Smith: Na 135 mEq/L, Ca 8.5 mg/dL, Cl 102 mEq/L, and K 2.0 mEq/L. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the physician because of its potential risk to the client?

  A. Ca
  B. K
  C. Na
  D. Cl
  B. K

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:Normal serum potassium level ranges between 3.5 and 5.5 mEq/L. The levels in choices 1, 3, and 4 are within normal ranges.