ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL Online Questions & Answers

• Question 101:

  Which of the following statements BEST describes how test cases are derived from a use case?

  A. Test cases are derived based on non-functional requirements such as usability
  B. Test cases are created using white-box test techniques to execute scenarios of use cases
  C. Test cases are derived based on pair testing between a user and a tester to find defects
  D. Test cases are designed to cover various user behaviors, including basic, exceptional or alternative and error behaviors associated with human users or systems
  D. Test cases are designed to cover various user behaviors, including basic, exceptional or alternative and error behaviors associated with human users or systems

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  Explanation

  Use cases describe a system's behavior as it responds to a request from a user. They typically consist of various scenarios, such as basic flow, alternative flow, and exceptional flow, which represent possible behaviors when a user interacts

  with the system. When deriving test cases from use cases, it is important to cover these different types of user behaviors.

  Test cases should be designed to verify how the system behaves during each of these scenarios. This ensures that the system operates correctly for normal and error conditions encountered by human users or systems interacting with the

  application. Thus, test cases derived from use cases aim to cover basic, exceptional, and alternative flows, ensuring comprehensive coverage.

  References:

  ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 4.2.4.

• Question 102:

  Given the following review process main activities and specific review activities:

  a:.Planning b:.Initiate review c:.Issue communication and analysis d:.Fixing and reporting

  1.Creating defect reports 2.Estimating effort and timeframe 3.Recording updated status of defects 4.Selecting the people to participate 5.Distributing the work product and other material 6.Evaluating the review findings

  Which of the following BEST matches the review process main activities with the appropriate specific review activities?

  A. 2-a, 4-a, 5-b, 6-c, 1-d, 3-d
  B. 2-a, 5-a, 1-b, 4-b, 3-c, 6-d
  C. 1-a, 4-b, 5-b, 6-c, 2-d, 3-d
  D. 2-a, 4-b, 5-c, 1-d. 3-d, 6-d
  A. 2-a, 4-a, 5-b, 6-c, 1-d, 3-d

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  Explanation

  Matching the main review process activities with the specific review activities, we see that planning includes estimating effort and timeframe (2) and selecting people to participate (4). Initiating a review involves distributing work products and other material (5). Issue communication and analysis includes evaluating the review findings (6). Fixing and reporting would entail creating defect reports (1) and recording the updated status of defects (3).

  References:ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 3.2 "Review Process".

• Question 103:

  Which of the following statements about traceability is FALSE?

  A. Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, makes it possible to determine which test basis items have been covered by the executed test cases.
  B. Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, enables experience- based test techniques to be applied
  C. Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, enables identification of which test cases will be affected by changes to the test basis items.
  D. Traceability can be established and maintained through all the test documentation for a given test level, such as from test conditions through test cases to test scripts.
  B. Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, enables experience- based test techniques to be applied

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  Explanation

  Traceability primarily refers to the ability to link test cases back to their sources in the test basis, such as requirements or design documents. This linkage allows for the determination of coverage, impact analysis, and maintaining consistency across test documentation. However, traceability does not directly enable the application of experience-based test techniques, which are more about using the tester's intuition and experience. The ISTQB CTFL Syllabus v4.0 does not state that traceability enables experience-based techniques, making option B the false statement.

• Question 104:

  Which of the following statements correctly describes error guessing?

  A. Error guessing is a testing technique that uses the experience and knowledge of testers to create test cases that may reveal suspected defects.
  B. Error guessing is a testing technique in which test cases are created to exercise the items in a checklist.
  C. Error guessing is a testing technique in which the testers dynamically create test cases based on their knowledge, exploration of the test item and the results of previous tests.
  D. Error guessing is a testing technique in which the tester creates test cases based on the analysis of the specified behavior of the test object without knowing its internal structure.
  A. Error guessing is a testing technique that uses the experience and knowledge of testers to create test cases that may reveal suspected defects.

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  Explanation

• Question 105:

  Which of the following statements is true in regards to how the context of a project affects the testing process?

  A. The context of testing determines which testing techniques are appropriate for a given project.
  B. The context of testing is not important as long as the test process follows a standard model.
  C. The context of testing only affects the non-functional aspects of testing, such as performance and usability.
  D. The context of testing is fixed and cannot change during a project lifecycle.
  A. The context of testing determines which testing techniques are appropriate for a given project.

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  Explanation

• Question 106:

  For each test case to be executed, the following table specifies its dependencies and the required configuration of the test environment for running such test case:

  

  Assume that C0NF1 is the initial configuration of the test environment Based on this assumption, which of the following is a test execution schedule that is compatible with the specified dependencies and allows minimising the number of switches between the different configurations of the test environment^

  A. TC4, TC3, TC2, TC1, TC5.
  B. TCI, TC5, TC4, TC3, TC2
  C. TC4, TC3, TC2, TC5, TC1.
  D. TC4, TC1, TC5, TC2, TC3
  A. TC4, TC3, TC2, TC1, TC5.

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  Explanation

  To determine the optimal test execution schedule that minimizes the number of configuration switches and respects the dependencies, we start with the initial configuration, CONF1.

  TC4: It has no dependencies and runs on CONF1 (initial configuration).

  TC3: Depends on TC4 and runs on CONF1. Since TC4 is already executed, we can proceed with TC3. TC2: Depends on TC4 and runs on CONF2. We switch to CONF2 after TC3. TC1: No dependencies and runs on CONF2. Since we are already in CONF2, we can execute TC1 next.

  TC5: Depends on TC1 and runs on CONF2. Since TC1 is already executed, we can proceed with TC5 without additional configuration switches.

  By following this sequence (TC4, TC3, TC2, TC1, TC5), we respect the dependencies and minimize the number of configuration switches

• Question 107:

  A new web app aims at offering a rich user experience. As a functional tester, you have run some functional tests to verify that, before releasing the app, such app works correctly on several mobile devices, all of which are listed as supported devices within the requirements specification. These tests were performed on stable and isolated test environments where you were the only user interacting with the application. All tests passed, but in some of those tests you observed the following issue: on some mobile devices only, the response time for two web pages containing images was extremely slow.

  Based only on the given information, which of the following recommendation would you follow?

  A. You should open a defect report providing detailed information on which devices and by running which tests you observed the issue
  B. The issue is related to performance efficiency, not functionality. Thus, as a functional tester, you should not open any defect report as all the functional tests passed
  C. You should not open any defect report as the problem is most likely due to poor hardware equipment on the devices where you observed the issue
  D. You should not open any defect report and inform the test manager that the devices on which you observed the issue should no longer be supported so that they will be removed from the requirements specification
  A. You should open a defect report providing detailed information on which devices and by running which tests you observed the issue

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  Explanation

  As a functional tester, you should open a defect report providing detailed information on which devices and by running which tests you observed the issue. A defect report is a document that records the occurrence, nature, and status of a defect detected during testing, and provides information for further investigation and resolution. A defect report should include relevant information such as the defect summary, the defect description, the defect severity, the defect priority, the defect status, the defect origin, the defect category, the defect reproduction steps, the defect screenshots, the defect attachments, etc. Opening a defect report is a good practice for any tester who finds a defect in the software system, regardless of the type or level of testing performed. The other options are not recommended, because: The issue is related to performance efficiency, not functionality, but that does not mean that as a functional tester, you should not open any defect report as all the functional tests passed. Performance efficiency is a quality characteristic that measures how well the software system performs its functions under stated conditions, such as the response time, the resource utilization, the throughput, etc. Performance efficiency is an important aspect of the user experience, especially for web applications that run on different devices and networks. Even if the functional tests passed, meaning that the software system met the functional requirements, the performance issue observed on some devices could still affect the user satisfaction, the usability, the reliability, and the security of the software system. Therefore, as a functional tester, you have the responsibility to report the performance issue as a defect, and provide as much information as possible to help the developers or the performance testers to investigate and resolve it.

• Question 108:

  Use Scenario 1 "Happy Tomatoes" (from the previous question).

  Using the Boundary Value Analysis (BVA) technique (in its two-point variant), identify the set of input values that provides the HIGHEST coverage.

  A. {7,8,21,22,29,30}
  B. {7,8,22,23,29,30}
  C. {6,7,8,21,22,29,31}
  D. {6,7,21,22,29,30}
  A. {7,8,21,22,29,30}

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  Explanation

  Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

  Boundary Value Analysis (BVA) focuses on test cases at the edges of partitions because defects often occur at boundaries. The temperature ranges are:

  #7 (Too cold # W)

  [8-21] (Standstill # X)

  [22-29] (Ideal # Y)

  #30 (Too hot # Z)

  A two-point BVA means testing both the lower and upper boundary values of each partition.

  The correct selection {7,8,21,22,29,30} includes:

  7 # Boundary of Too Cold (W)

  8 # Lower boundary of Standstill (X)

  21 # Upper boundary of Standstill (X)

  22 # Lower boundary of Ideal (Y)

  29 # Upper boundary of Ideal (Y)

  30 # Lower boundary of Too Hot (Z)

  This ensures maximum boundary coverage.

  ISTQB CTFL v4.0 Syllabus, Section 4.2.2 ?Boundary Value Analysis

• Question 109:

  In Agile teams, testers closely collaborate with all other team members. This close collaboration could be problematic and result in testing-related organizational risks.

  Which TWO of the following organization risks could be encountered?

  I:.Testers lose motivation and fail at their core tasks.

  ii:.Close interaction with developers causes a loss of the appropriate tester mindset.

  iii:.Testers are not able to keep pace with incoming changes in time-constrained iterations.

  iv:.Testers, once they have acquired technical development or business skills, leave the testing team.

  A. ii and iii
  B. i and iii
  C. i and ii
  D. ii and iv
  D. ii and iv

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  Explanation

  In Agile teams, close collaboration among testers and other team members can lead to organizational risks such as: ii. Close interaction with developers causes a loss of the appropriate tester mindset. iv. Testers, once they have acquired technical development or business skills, leave the testing team.

  These risks highlight the potential issues of diminished testing perspective and team turnover when testers integrate closely with developers and other roles.

• Question 110:

  A minimum of 0 and a maximum of 40 points can be achieved in a Certified Tester Foundation examination. With a score of 26 points to 36 points inclusive, the exam is considered "passed", with 37 points or higher it is "passed with distinction" and with less than 26 points the examination is "not passed".

  Which of the following sets of positive integers fully covers a 2-value boundary value analysis ? (No values from invalid equivalence classes should be specified).

  A. 0, 24, 25, 35, 36, 37, 40
  B. 0, 25, 26, 36, 37, 40
  C. 0, 2, 25, 26, 27, 35, 36, 37
  D. 25, 26, 27, 39, 40, 41
  B. 0, 25, 26, 36, 37, 40

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  Explanation