Steam blanketing is when the heat flow balance is disturbed; individual bubbles join to form a steam blanket, a condition known as Departure from Nucleate Boiling (DNB). Once a steam blanket forms, tube rupture can occur rapidly, as a result of _________.
A. Thermal fatigue
B. Short term overheating
C. Brittle fracture
D. Stress
Which material does not have an endurance limit?
A. Non-normalized carbon steel
B. Normalized carbon steel
C. Stainless steel
D. Titanium
Permanent deformation occurring at relatively low stress levels as a result of localized overheating is called ________.
A. Stress cracking
B. Brittle fracture
C. Temper embrittlement
D. Stress rupture
The major factors affecting high temperature sulfidation are the temperature, the presence of hydrogen, the concentration of H睸 and the __________.
A. Alloy content
B. Velocity
C. Pressure
D. Water content
Which of the following materials is least affected by atmospheric corrosion?
A. Carbon steel
B. Chromes
C. Stainless steels
D. Copper alloyed with aluminum
With sulfuric acid corrosion, the presence of oxidizers can _______ the corrosion rate.
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. Stabilize
D. Eliminate
_________ acid is most often used as a catalyst in polymerization units.
A. Polythionic
B. Naphthenic
C. Phosphoric
D. Sulfuric
Primarily hot-wall piping and equipment in the following units can be affected by graphitization. FCC, catalytic reformer and ______.
A. Hydrotreater
B. Hydrocracker
C. Coker
D. Alky
ASME Section VIII had few limitations concerning brittle fracture prior to:
A. 1955.
B. 1962.
C. 1973.
D. 1987.
To prevent hydrogen embrittlement, use lower strength steels and _________ to temper the microstructure, improve ductility and reduce residual stresses.
A. Alloys
B. Preheat
C. PWHT
D. All of the above
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