PMI CAPM PMI-100 Questions & Answers

• Question 81:

  A project manager managing a cross-cultural virtual project team across several time zones should be concerned about the impacts of which communication technology factor?

  A. Urgent information need

  B. Sensitivity of information

  C. Project environment

  D. Ease of use

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: Project environment. There is a need to determine if the team will meet and operate on a face-to-face basis or in a virtual environment; whether they will be located in one or multiple time zones; whether they will use multiple languages for communication; and finally, whether there are any other project environmental factors, such as culture, which may affect communications.

• Question 82:

  Which item is an output of Plan Quality Management and an input to Perform Quality Assurance?

  A. Organizational process updates

  B. Quality metrics

  C. Change requests

  D. Quality control measurements

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation:

  8.1.3.3 Quality Metrics A quality metric specifically describes a project or product attribute and how the control quality process will

  measure it. A measurement is an actual value. The tolerance defines the allowable variations to the metric. For example, if the quality objective is to stay within the approved budget by ± 10%, the specific quality metric is used to measure the cost of every deliverable and determine the percent variance from the approved budget for that deliverable. Quality metrics are used in the perform quality assurance and control quality processes. Some examples of quality metrics include on-time performance, cost control, defect frequency, failure rate, availability, reliability, and test coverage.

  Process: 8.1 Plan Quality Management

  Definition: The process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and its

  deliverables and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with quality requirements and/

  or standards.

  Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it provides guidance and direction on how quality will be

  managed and validated throughout the project.

  Inputs

  1.

  Project management plan

  2.

  Stakeholder register

  3.

  Risk register

  4.

  Requirements documentation

  5.

  Enterprise environmental factors

  6.

  Organizational process assets

  1.

  Tools and Techniques

  2.

  Cost-benefit analysis

  3.

  Cost of quality

  4.

  Seven basic quality tools

  5.

  Benchmarking

  6.

  Design of experiments

  7.

  Statistical sampling

  8.

  Additional quality planning tools

  9.

  Meetings

  Outputs

  1.

  Quality management plan

  2.

  Process improvement plan

  3.

  Quality metrics

  4.

  Quality checklists

  5.

  Project documents updates

  Process: 8.2 Perform Quality Assurance

  Definition: The process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality control measurements to ensure that appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used. Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it facilitates the improvement of quality processes.

  Inputs

  1.

  Quality management plan

  2.

  Process improvement plan

  3.

  Quality metrics

  4.

  Quality control measurements

  5.

  Project documents

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Quality management and control tools

  2.

  Quality audits

  3.

  Process analysis

  Outputs

  1.

  Change requests

  2.

  Project management plan updates

  3.

  Project documents updates

  4.

  Organizational process assets updates

• Question 83:

  A temporary endeavor that creates a unique product or service is called a:

  A. Project

  B. Plan

  C. Program

  D. Portfolio

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 84:

  Status of deliverables, implementation status for change requests, and forecasted estimates to complete are examples of:

  A. Earned value management.

  B. Enterprise environmental factors.

  C. Organizational process assets.

  D. Work performance information.

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation:

  4.4.1.5 Work Performance Information

  Work performance information is the performance data collected from various controlling processes,

  analyzed in context, and integrated based on relationships across areas. Thus work performance data has

  been transformed into work performance information. Data in itself cannot be used in the decision-making

  process as it has only out-of-context meaning. Work performance information, however, is correlated and

  contextualized, and provides a sound foundation for project decisions.

  Work performance information is circulated through communication processes. Examples of

  performance information are status of deliverables, implementation status for change requests,

  and forecasted estimates to complete.

• Question 85:

  An effective technique for resolving conflict that incorporates multiple viewpoints from differing perspectives to achieve consensus and commitment is:

  A. smooth/accommodate

  B. force/direct

  C. collaborate/problem solve

  D. compromise/reconcile

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 86:

  The iterative process of increasing the level of detail in a project management plan as greater amounts of information become available is known as:

  A. Continuous improvement.

  B. Predictive planning.

  C. Progressive elaboration.

  D. Quality assurance.

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 87:

  Which grid shows which resources are tied to work packages?

  A. Work breakdown structure (WBS)

  B. Responsibility assignment matrix (RAM)

  C. Project assignment chart

  D. Personnel assignment matrix

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation:

  Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM). A grid that shows the project resources assigned to each

  work package.

• Question 88:

  Typical outcomes of a project include:

  A. Products, services, and improvements.

  B. Products, programs, and services.

  C. Improvements, portfolios, and services.

  D. Improvements, processes, and products.

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 89:

  When does the project team determine which dependencies are discretionary?

  A. Before the Define Activities process

  B. During the Define Activities process

  C. Before the Sequence Activities process

  D. During the Sequence Activities process

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation:

  6.3.2.2 Dependency Determination

  Dependencies may be characterized by the following attributes: mandatory or discretionary, internal or external, as described below. Dependency has four attributes, but two can be applicable at the same time in following ways: mandatory external dependencies, mandatory internal dependencies, discretionary external dependencies, or discretionary internal dependencies.

  Mandatory dependencies. Mandatory dependencies are those that are legally or contractually required or inherent in the nature of the work. Mandatory dependencies often involve physical limitations, such as on a construction project, where it is impossible to erect the superstructure until after the foundation has been built, or on an electronics project, where a prototype has to be built before it can be tested. Mandatory dependencies are also sometimes referred to as hard logic or hard dependencies. Technical dependencies may not be mandatory. The project team determines which dependencies are mandatory during the process of sequencing the activities. Mandatory dependencies should not be confused with assigning schedule constraints in the scheduling tool.

  Discretionary dependencies. Discretionary dependencies are sometimes referred to as preferred logic, preferential logic, or soft logic. Discretionary dependencies are established based on knowledge of best practices within a particular application area or some unusual aspect of the project where a specific sequence is desired, even though there may be other acceptable sequences. Discretionary dependencies should be fully documented since they can create arbitrary total float values and can limit later scheduling options. When fast tracking techniques are employed, these discretionary dependencies should be reviewed and considered for modifcation or removal. The project team determines which dependencies are discretionary during the process of sequencing the activities.

  External dependencies. External dependencies involve a relationship between project activities and non-project activities. These dependencies are usually outside the project team's control. For example, the testing activity in a software project may be dependent on the delivery of hardware from an external source, or governmental environmental hearings may need to be held before site preparation can begin on a construction project. The project management team determines which dependencies are external during the process of sequencing the activities.

  Internal dependencies. Internal dependencies involve a precedence relationship between project activities and are generally inside the project team's control. For example, if the team cannot test a machine until they assemble it, this is an internal mandatory dependency. The project management team determines which dependencies are internal during the process of sequencing the activities.

  Process: 6.3 Sequence Activities

  Definition: The process of identifying and documenting relationships among the project activities.

  Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it defines the logical sequence of work to obtain the

  greatest efficiency given all project constraints.

  Inputs

  1.

  Schedule management plan

  2.

  Activity list

  3.

  Activity attributes

  4.

  Milestone list

  5.

  Project scope statement

  6.

  Enterprise environmental factors

  7.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Precedence diagramming method (PDM)

  2.

  Dependency determination

  3.

  Leads and lags

  Outputs

  1.

  Project schedule network diagrams

  2.

  Project documents updates

• Question 90:

  A project manager builds consensus and overcomes obstacles by employing which communication technique?

  A. Listening

  B. Facilitation

  C. Meeting management

  D. Presentation

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation:

  Definitions:

  Meeting management techniques. Preparing an agenda and dealing with conflicts.

  

  Facilitation techniques. Building consensus and overcoming obstacles.

  Presentation techniques. Awareness of the impact of body language and design of visual aids.

  Listening techniques. Listening actively (acknowledging, clarifying, and confirming understanding) and removal of barriers that adversely affect comprehension.

  Page 299