Scrum Scrum Certifications PSPO-I Questions & Answers

• Question 21:

  You are the Scrum Master of a new, to be developed Product. Development is going to require 45 people. What is a good first question for you to suggest the group thinks about when forming into teams?

  (choose the best answer)

  A. What is the right mixture of senior and junior people on each team?

  B. Who are the subject matter experts on each team?

  C. Who are going to be the team leads?

  D. How will we make sure all teams have the right amount of expertise?

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: When forming a Scrum team, it is important to ensure that the team has all the skills and knowledge necessary to deliver a working product12. The Scrum team should be cross-functional and self-managing, without relying on external experts or team leads34. Therefore, the question of how to make sure all teams have the right amount of expertise is a good first question to consider when forming into teams.

• Question 22:

  The Developers find out during the Sprint that they are not likely to build everything they forecast. What would you expect a Product Owner to do?

  (choose the best answer)

  A. Skip Product Backlog refinement activities.

  B. Inform management that more Developers are needed.

  C. Change the Sprint Goal.

  D. Re-work the selected Product Backlog items with the Developers to meet the Sprint Goal.

  E. Cancel the Sprint.

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: If the Developers find out during the Sprint that they are not likely to build everything they forecast, the best response from the Product Owner is to re-work the selected Product Backlog items with the Developers to meet the

  Sprint Goal. This is because:

  The Sprint Goal is a short-term objective that provides guidance and focus to the Scrum Team throughout the Sprint. It is a flexible and negotiable commitment that can be adjusted as more is learned throughout the Sprint. The Developers

  are accountable for creating a "Done" Increment in every Sprint. They must ensure that every Product Backlog item they work on meets the Definition of Done before it is considered complete. The Product Owner is accountable for

  maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. They must inspect the Increment at the end of each Sprint and assess how it delivers value and contributes to the Product Goal.

  The Product Owner and the Developers must collaborate closely throughout the Sprint to ensure that they have a shared understanding of what they are building and why. The Product Owner must provide clarifications, feedback, and

  guidance to the Developers as needed to help them create a valuable Increment. If the Developers find out during the Sprint that they are not likely to build everything they forecast, it means that there is a gap between their initial plan and

  their actual progress. This may happen due to various reasons, such as new insights, changing requirements, technical challenges, or unforeseen circumstances.

  In this situation, the Product Owner should work with the Developers to re-work the selected Product Backlog items to meet the Sprint Goal. This may involve adding, removing, or modifying some items, as long as they still support the Sprint

  Goal and deliver value. The Product Owner should also communicate any changes or impacts to the stakeholders and customers as appropriate. Other options, such as skipping Product Backlog refinement activities, informing management

  that more Developers are needed, changing the Sprint Goal, or canceling the Sprint, are not valid responses from the Product Owner as they do not reflect what should happen in Scrum or how to deal with uncertainty and complexity.

  References:

  [Scrum Guide], page 15, section "Sprint Goal"

  [Scrum Guide], page 7, section "Developers"

  [Scrum Guide], page 6, section "Product Owner"

  [Scrum Guide], page 10, section "Definition of Done" [Scrum Guide], page 10, section "Increment"

  [Scrum Guide], page 10, section "Product Goal"

• Question 23:

  What is the typical size for a Scrum Team?

  (choose the best answer)

  A. At least 7.

  B. 9.

  C. 10 or fewer.

  D. 7 plus or minus 3.

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: The typical size for a Scrum Team is 10 or fewer people, including the Product Owner, the Scrum Master, and the Developers. The Scrum Guide states that "The Scrum Team is small enough to remain nimble and large enough

  to complete significant work within a Sprint. Fewer than three people decrease interaction and results in smaller productivity gains. Having more than ten people requires too much coordination. Large teams generate too much complexity for

  an empirical process to be useful."1 This means that the optimal Scrum Team size is between 3 and 10 people, depending on the context and the nature of the work.

  References:

  1: The Scrum Guide2, page 6

  2: The Scrum Guide

• Question 24:

  What does it mean to say that an event has a timebox?

  (choose the best answer)

  A. The event can take no more than a maximum amount of time.

  B. The event must take at least a minimum amount of time.

  C. The event must happen by a given time.

  D. The event must happen at a set time.

  Correct Answer: A

  To say that an event has a timebox means that the event has a fixed duration that cannot be exceeded. The Scrum Guide states that "All events are time-boxed events, such that every event has a maximum duration. Once a Sprint begins, its

  duration is fixed and cannot be shortened or lengthened. The remaining events may end whenever the purpose of the event is achieved, ensuring an appropriate amount of time is spent without allowing waste in the process."1 This means

  that the timebox sets an upper limit for the event, but the event can end sooner if the goal is met.

  References:

  1: The Scrum Guide2, page 10

  2: The Scrum Guide

• Question 25:

  What is a Product Owner typically responsible for during a Sprint?

  (choose the best two answers)

  A. Creating financial reporting upon the spent hours reported by the Developers.

  B. Collaborating with stakeholders, users, and customers.

  C. Updating the work plan for the Developers on a daily basis.

  D. Working with the Scrum Team on Product Backlog refinement.

  E. Nothing.

  F. Attending every Daily Scrum to answer questions about the Sprint Backlog items.

  Correct Answer: BD

  The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. The Product Owner is responsible for managing and refining the Product Backlog, collaborating with the stakeholders and

  the Developers, and ordering the items in a way that best achieves goals and missions. The Product Owner represents the interests of everyone with a stake in the product and ensures that the Scrum Team works on the right things at the

  right time.

  A Sprint is a timebox of one month or less within which a "Done" product Increment is created. A Sprint consists of the Sprint Planning, Daily Scrums, the development work, the Sprint Review, and the Sprint Retrospective. A Sprint is also a

  feedback loop that allows the Scrum Team and the stakeholders to inspect and adapt the product and the process.

  During a Sprint, a Product Owner is typically responsible for:

  The other options are not valid or relevant responsibilities of a Product Owner during a Sprint. They are either too administrative, micromanaging, or unrelated to the product value delivery. They are:

  References:

  Scrum Guide: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html Product Owner: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-product-owner Sprint: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-sprint-in-scrum Stakeholders: https://

  www.agilealliance.org/glossary/stakeholders Daily Scrum: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-daily-scrum

• Question 26:

  A Scrum Master is working with a Scrum Team that has Developers in different physical locations. The Developers meet in a variety of meeting rooms and have much to do logistically (for example: reserve meeting rooms and set up conference calls) before the Daily Scrum.

  What action should the Scrum Master take?

  (choose the best answer)

  A. Allow the Developers to self-manage and determine for themselves what to do.

  B. Ask the Developers to alternate who is responsible for meeting setup.

  C. Set up the meeting and tell the Scrum Team that is how it will be done.

  D. Inform management and ask them to solve it.

  Correct Answer: A

  The Scrum Master should allow the Developers to self-manage and determine for themselves what to do because:

  It respects the autonomy and empowerment of the Developers. The Developers are accountable for organizing and managing their own work, and they are the best people to decide how to conduct their Daily Scrum. The Scrum Master

  should not impose or dictate how the meeting should be set up or run, as that would undermine the self-organization and collaboration of the Developers. It supports the continuous improvement and adaptation of the Developers. The

  Developers are expected to inspect and adapt their process and practices, and to find ways to overcome any challenges or impediments they face. The Scrum Master should not solve the problems for them, but rather facilitate their problem-

  solving and learning abilities.

  It aligns with the role and responsibilities of the Scrum Master. The Scrum Master is responsible for promoting and supporting Scrum, and for helping everyone understand and enact Scrum theory, values, principles, and practices. The Scrum

  Master is not a manager or a leader of the Developers, but rather a servant-leader who enables them to work effectively.

  References:

  Scrum Guide 2020, page 6: "Developers are the people in the Scrum Team that are committed to creating any aspect of a usable Increment each Sprint." Scrum Guide 2020, page 6: "The Developers are accountable for ... organizing and

  managing their work."

  Scrum Guide 2020, page 12: "The Developers can select whatever structure and techniques they want, as long as their Daily Scrum focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal and produces an actionable plan for the next day of work. This

  creates focus and improves self-management."

  Scrum Guide 2020, page 13: "The Daily Scrum is an internal meeting for the Developers. If others are present, the Scrum Master ensures that they do not disrupt the meeting."

  Scrum Guide 2020, page 7: "The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide. They do this by helping everyone understand Scrum theory and practice, both within the Scrum Team and the

  organization."

• Question 27:

  Who is accountable for creating a valuable and usable Increment each Sprint?

  (choose the best answer)

  A. The Scrum Master.

  B. The CEO.

  C. The Developers.

  D. The Scrum Team.

  E. The Product Owner.

  Correct Answer: C

  The Developers are accountable for creating a valuable and usable Increment each Sprint. They are the people in the Scrum Team who are committed to delivering a "Done" Increment that meets the Definition of Done and the Sprint Goal. They are responsible for managing and organizing their work within the Sprint, collaborating with the Product Owner and the Scrum Master, and applying their skills and creativity to create a product that delivers value to the stakeholders and customers. References: The Scrum Guide The Developers Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework

• Question 28:

  When does a Developer become accountable for the value of a Product Backlog item selected for the Sprint?

  (choose the best answer)

  A. Whenever a team member can accommodate more work.

  B. At the Sprint Planning Event.

  C. During the Daily Scrum.

  D. Never. The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating value every Sprint.

  Correct Answer: D

• Question 29:

  What might indicate to a Product Owner that she needs to work more with the Scrum Team?

  (choose the best answer)

  A. The acceptance criteria do not appear to be complete.

  B. She is not working full time with the Scrum team.

  C. People leave the Scrum Team.

  D. The Increment presented at the Sprint Review does not reflect what she thought she had asked for.

  Correct Answer: D

  One of the possible indicators that a Product Owner needs to work more with the Scrum Team is when the Increment presented at the Sprint Review does not reflect what she thought she had asked for. This means that there is a gap or a misunderstanding between the Product Owner and the Developers regarding the Product Backlog items, the acceptance criteria, the Definition of Done, or the product vision and goals. The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. The Product Owner is responsible for managing and refining the Product Backlog, collaborating with the stakeholders and the Developers, and ordering the items in a way that best achieves goals and missions. The Product Owner represents the interests of everyone with a stake in the product and ensures that the Scrum Team works on the right things at the right time. The Developers are accountable for creating a "Done" Increment that meets the Definition of Done each Sprint. The Developers are responsible for planning and executing the Sprint Backlog, designing and building the product functionality, testing and improving the product quality, and delivering a potentially releasable Increment. The Developers work closely with the Product Owner to understand and clarify the Product Backlog items, provide feedback and estimates, and suggest improvements and innovations. The Sprint Review is an event that occurs at the end of each Sprint, where the Scrum Team and the stakeholders inspect the Increment and adapt the Product Backlog if needed. The Sprint Review is an opportunity for the Product Owner to

  validate that the Increment meets her expectations and delivers value to the customers and users. The Sprint Review is also an opportunity for the Developers to demonstrate their work and receive feedback from the Product Owner and the

  stakeholders.

  If the Increment presented at the Sprint Review does not reflect what the Product Owner thought she had asked for, it may indicate that there was insufficient or ineffective communication, collaboration, or alignment between the Product

  Owner and the Developers during the Sprint. This may result in wasted effort, rework, delays, or dissatisfaction for both parties. To avoid or resolve this situation, the Product Owner needs to work more with the Scrum Team by doing some of

  the following actions:

  References:

  Scrum Guide: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html Sprint Review: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-sprint-review Product Owner: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-product-owner Developers: https://

  www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-developer-in-scrum

• Question 30:

  What are the two primary ways a Scrum Master helps a Scrum Team work at its highest level of productivity?

  (choose the best two answers)

  A. By keeping high value features high in the Product Backlog.

  B. By facilitating Scrum Team decisions.

  C. By ensuring the meetings start and end at the proper time.

  D. By removing impediments that hinder the Scrum Team.

  Correct Answer: BD

  

  Scrum The two primary ways a Scrum Master helps a Scrum Team work at its highest level of productivity are by facilitating Scrum Team decisions and by removing impediments that hinder the Scrum Team12. The Scrum Master is a facilitator and a coach, helping the team remove impediments and facilitating team decisions12. This enables the team to focus on their work and maintain their productivity12.