Medical Tests NREMT Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

Medical Tests NREMT Online Questions & Answers

• Question 21:

  Which of the following medications would you expect to find a patient who is being treated for peptic ulcer disease to be taking?

  A. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
  B. Calcium channel blocker
  C. Aspirin
  D. Antibiotic
  D. Antibiotic

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  Explanation/Reference:

  It is estimated that about 80 percent of all cases of peptic ulcer disease are caused by the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) bacteria. The bacteria damage the protective mucosal lining of the stomach and/or duodenum, allowing it to be damaged by the strong gastric acids used for digestion. Consequently, ulcerations in the mucosal lining and tissue occur. Antibiotic therapy can control the population of H pylori and definitively treat the ulcerative disease. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, including aspirin, increase acid production and can worsen or exacerbate peptic ulcer disease. While calcium channel blockers can be used in the treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (decrease spasm of the lower esophageal sphincter), they are not indicated in the management of peptic ulcer disease.

• Question 22:

  You have responded for a 17-year-old male who has had a sudden onset of shortness of breath. During your evaluation of the patient, he tells you that he has a history of Marfan's syndrome. The patient is dyspneic and has decreased lung sounds on the left side of his chest.

  What do you think is the most likely cause of this patient's shortness of breath?

  A. Pneumonia
  B. Pulmonary embolis
  C. Spontaneous pneumothorax
  D. Congenital lung disease
  C. Spontaneous pneumothorax

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  Explanation/Reference:

  A common complication seen in the patient with Marfan's syndrome is a spontaneous pneumothorax. Marfan's syndrome is a connective tissue disorder that results in weak organ and tissue structure. Along with spontaneous pneumothoracies, they are also more likely to develop aortic aneurysms.

• Question 23:

  Your patient is a 17-year-old boy, who has been found with his face down in a swimming pool. He is currently being held with his face up at the surface of the water. He is insentient, but breathing and has a pulse. What is the best action that should be taken?

  A. Apply cervical and spinal immobilization while the patient is still in the pool.
  B. Remove the patient from the pool, immobilize and transport.
  C. Jump into the pool and begin CPR.
  D. Wait for a trained water rescue team.
  A. Apply cervical and spinal immobilization while the patient is still in the pool.

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  Explanation/Reference:

• Question 24:

  You are treating a 24-year-old female with a gunshot wound to the right side of the back. No exit wound is visible. She is awake but confused. Her skin is pale and diaphoretic with cyanosis noted to the oral mucosa. Breath sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. Jugular vein distention is present. Blood pressure is 90/78 mmHg, heart rate is 124 beats per minute, and respiratory rate is 28 per minute and labored. Sinus tachycardia is seen on the cardiac monitor.

  Which of the following treatment regimens would be the most appropriate for this patient?

  A. High flow oxygen, spinal precautions, occlusive dressing over entrance wound, rapid transport.
  B. High flow oxygen by nonrebreather, spinal precautions, allow patient to remain in a position of comfort.
  C. High flow oxygen by nonrebreather, cover entrance wound with an occlusive dressing.
  D. High flow oxygen, pleural decompression to right side of chest, rapid transport.
  A. High flow oxygen, spinal precautions, occlusive dressing over entrance wound, rapid transport.

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  Explanation/Reference:

  Treatment of a gunshot wound to the thorax would include taking necessary spinal precautions. The open wound should be covered with an occlusive dressing. The respiratory distress should be treated with high flow oxygen with consideration of positive pressure ventilation and possible intubation. In addition, an IV should be started for a fluid route if hypotension worsens. Rapid transport is indicated for pericardiocentesis and possible surgery.

• Question 25:

  You have an unresponsive patient with an intact gag reflex. You attempt to place a nasal airway in his right nostril, but you meet resistance and cannot insert.

  You should ____.

  A. Push it in with more force.
  B. Try a smaller size.
  C. Try the other nostril and be sure you have lubricated the device.
  D. Switch to an oral airway.
  C. Try the other nostril and be sure you have lubricated the device.

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  Explanation/Reference:

• Question 26:

  You respond to the scene of a residential natural gas explosion to find a 36-year-old male patient complaining of a diminished ability to hear, moderate dyspnea, and acute abdominal pain. These symptoms are likely due to what mechanism?

  A. Primary blast injury
  B. Secondary blast injury
  C. Tertiary blast injury
  D. Toxic inhalation of natural gas
  A. Primary blast injury

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  Explanation/Reference:

  Primary Blast Injuries are caused by the compression of air filled organs by an overpressure wave, typically affecting the tympanic membranes, lungs, stomach, intestines, and sinuses. Toxic Exposure to Natural Gas may cause nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, and labored breathing, but would not explain diminished hearing or acute abdominal pain. Secondary Blast Injury refers to trauma caused by flying shrapnel or debris, while Tertiary Blast Injury refers to trauma caused when a patient is thrown from the blast area and strikes an object or the ground.

• Question 27:

  Which of the following is not a sign of adequate breathing?

  A. Air moving in and out of the nose and mouth.
  B. Equal expansion of both sides of the chest
  C. Breathing limited to abdominal muscles.
  D. Absence of blue / grey skin coloration
  C. Breathing limited to abdominal muscles.

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  Explanation/Reference:

  Using abdominal muscles to breath is a sign of labored breathing or respiratory

• Question 28:

  From which direction should you never approach a helicopter while its engine is operating?

  A. the left side
  B. the pilot's blind spot
  C. the rear
  D. the front
  C. the rear

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  Explanation/Reference:

• Question 29:

  Two large tubes that bring air two and from the lungs.

  A. Bronchi
  B. Larynx
  C. Diaphragm
  D. Ronchi
  A. Bronchi

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  Explanation/Reference:

  The Trachea leads to the Bronchi which leads into the Bronculiolis.

• Question 30:

  Food poisoning may be difficult in the field to diagnose due to its broad range of symptoms and time it takes to make the patient ill. All of the following are types of food borne illness except:

  A. Salmonella
  B. Champylobacter
  C. Encephalitis
  D. Escherichia coli (E. coli)
  C. Encephalitis

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  Explanation/Reference:

  Encephalitis is an infection of the brain usually viral in nature. All of the others are indeed food borne illnesses.