NCLEX NCLEX Certifications NCLEX-PN Questions & Answers

• Question 571:

  Acyclovir (Zovirax) is the agent of choice for which of the following infections?

  A. HIV

  B. AIDS

  C. candida

  D. herpes

  Correct Answer: D

  Acyclovir is an antiviral effective in shortening the duration of infection in herpes.

  It is used in HIV and AIDS to treat opportunistic, viral infections but is not a primary AIDS drug.

  Candida is a fungus and is responsive to antifungal medication.

• Question 572:

  A client is taking the fluoroquinolone Ciprofloxin for acute prostatitis. After a few doses of the agent, he develops severe muscle pain.

  The most likely cause of the adverse reaction is __________.

  A. electrolyte imbalance

  B. impending tendon rupture

  C. calcium deposits

  D. antibiotic-associated colitis

  Correct Answer: B

  An untoward, adverse drug reaction associated with the quinolones is tendon rupture.

  Electrolyte imbalance has not been associated with the group, and antibiotic-associated colitis is most

  common in augmentin and penicillin groups.

• Question 573:

  The nurse sustains a needle puncture that requires HIV prophylaxis.

  Which of the following medication regimens should be used?

  A. an antibiotic such as Metronidazole and a protease inhibitor (Saquinivir)

  B. two non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

  C. one protease inhibitor such as Nelfinavir

  D. two protease inhibitors

  Correct Answer: B

  Unless there is drug resistance, the initial prophylaxis based on CDC recommendations is 2 NNRTIs.

• Question 574:

  The nurse seeks to assess the renal function of an elderly client who is about to receive a nephrotoxic medication.

  Which of the following labs provides the best indicator for renal function?

  A. urinalysis

  B. creatinine and blood urea nitrogen

  C. chemistry of electrolytes

  D. creatinine clearance

  Correct Answer: D

  Due to decreases in lean body mass, blood creatinine is not as good an indicator of the elderly client's renal function as creatinine clearance. Urinalysis and blood urea nitrogen reflect hydration status and other clues to health but are not specific for renal function. The electrolytes might be deranged in renal failure but are not a direct correlation to the kidneys' capability to eliminate waste. Therefore, the best lab for renal function in the elderly is thought to be creatinine clearance, which is a widely used test for glomerular filtration rate.

• Question 575:

  When a drug is listed as Category X and prescribed to women of child-bearing age/capacity, the nurse and the interdisciplinary team should counsel the client that __________.

  A. Pregnancy tests might be unreliable while taking the drug.

  B. She must use a reliable form of birth control.

  C. She should not take the Category X drug on days she has intercourse.

  D. She must follow up with an endocrinologist.

  Correct Answer: B

  Category X drugs have many practice limitations when prescribed and dispensed to women. For example, the prescription is valid for only seven days, and if not filled, it expires. The FDA provides a pregnancy prevention program for clients taking Isotretinoin (Accutane). Prior to prescribing a Category X drug, a pregnancy test should be performed.

• Question 576:

  A client taking isotretinoin (Accutane) tells the nurse that she is pregnant.

  What should the nurse teach this client?

  A. Her pregnancy is threatened, and the fetus is at risk for teratogenesis.

  B. She has a reportable condition, and the pregnancy must be terminated.

  C. Accutane is a Category D drug, which means it is unsafe in pregnancy.

  D. Her pregnancy must be followed carefully by a genetic specialist.

  Correct Answer: A

  Accutane is a Category X drug, which means pregnancy is contraindicated due to teratogenesis associated with the medication. The pharmaceutical manufacturer should be notified of any pregnancy occurring while taking the drug, but reporting is voluntary. Choosing to terminate the pregnancy is a personal decision that requires full information. Consultation with a genetic specialist or OB physician is indicated.

• Question 577:

  After securing the client's safety from a faulty electric bed, which action should the nurse take?

  A. Discuss the matter with the client's significant others.

  B. Document the incident in the client's record in detail.

  C. Notify the physician.

  D. Prepare an incident report.

  Correct Answer: D

  After the situation is safe for the client, the nurse should record the occurrence on an incident form according to the agency protocol.

• Question 578:

  While repositioning a comatose client, the nurse senses a tingling sensation as she lowers the bed.

  What action should she take?

  A. Unplug the bed's power source.

  B. Remove the client from the bed immediately.

  C. Notify the biomedical department at once.

  D. Turn off the oxygen.

  Correct Answer: A

  Shutting off the bed's electricity should be the initial step.

  The nurse should not touch the client until the bed is checked for faulty grounding.

  An electrician should assess the equipment.

  Oxygen should be discontinued until the equipment is cleared.

• Question 579:

  How many feet should separate the nurse and the source when extinguishing a small, wastebasket fire with an appropriate extinguisher?

  A. 1 foot

  B. 2 feet

  C. 4 feet

  D. 6 feet

  Correct Answer: D

  The nurse should stand about 6 feet from the source of the fire. Getting closer might put the nurse in danger.

• Question 580:

  How is the information documented on incident reports used?

  A. to analyze risk categories

  B. to make sure procedures are in compliance with regulations

  C. to identify the educational needs of the staff

  D. all of the above

  Correct Answer: D

  Risk management plays a vital role as an arm of quality monitoring and improvement programs.

  It utilizes information obtained from incident reports, as well as audits, committee minutes, service

  complaints, and client satisfaction questionnaires to perform all of the tasks identified.