NCLEX NCLEX-PN Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

NCLEX NCLEX-PN Online Questions & Answers

• Question 241:

  The nurse is assessing the dental status of an 18-month-old child.

  How many teeth should the nurse expect to examine?

  A. 6
  B. 8
  C. 12
  D. 16
  C. 12

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  In general, children begin dentition around 6 months of age. During the first 2 years of life, a quick guide to the number of teeth a child should have is as follows: Subtract the number 6 from the number of months in the age of the child. In this example, the child is 18 months old, so the formula is 18 ?6 = 12. An 18-month-old child should have approximately 12 teeth.

• Question 242:

  Which of the following statements by a client indicates adequate understanding of preparation for electroencephalography?

  A. "I cannot eat or drink after midnight."
  B. "I need to wash my hair before the test."
  C. "I need to remove metal jewelry."
  D. "I cannot take aspirin before the test."
  B. "I need to wash my hair before the test."

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  The client needs to wash his hair to remove hair spray, cream, or oil that might interfere with attaching the electrodes to the scalp. Food or fluids do not need to be restricted, with the exception of caffeinated fluids. There is no restriction on metal objects. Aspirin is not a medication that needs to be held before the test (just anticonvulsants, tranquilizers, barbiturates, and other sedatives).

• Question 243:

  Which of the following viruses is most likely to be acquired through casual contact with an infected individual?

  A. influenza virus
  B. herpes virus
  C. cytomegalovirus (CMV)
  D. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  A. influenza virus

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:Influenza virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets. Herpes virus is transmitted by direct contact, and HIV is transmitted through blood and body fluids. Cytomeglaovirus is an opportunistic infection.

• Question 244:

  Local anesthetics block the conduction of pain impulses to the spinal cord.

  Their duration of action __________.

  A. is always longer than general anesthesia
  B. is determined by the rate of diffusion and absorption at the site of administration
  C. is usually short (10 minutes)
  D. varies, depending on the client's weight
  B. is determined by the rate of diffusion and absorption at the site of administration

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  Diffusion and absorption depend on the chemical properties of the anesthetic and other factors such as local pH and blood flow. Duration might or might not be longer than general anesthesia. Duration can be short if the type of local anesthetic is a short-acting agent. Client weight is not a factor.

• Question 245:

  As a type of quality indicator, an example of a structure standard is __________.

  A. a written philosophy.
  B. a procedure for a straight catheterization.
  C. a protocol for treatment of a client with chest pain.
  D. the diagnostic work-up for a client with abdominal pain.
  A. a written philosophy.

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  Structure standards define all the conditions needed to operate, direct, and control a system. They do not address client care but rather describe structure with regard to purpose, such as philosophy, objectives, goals, hours of operation, and management responsibility.

• Question 246:

  Which of the following client groups should the nurse recognize as the fastest-growing segment of the homeless population?

  A. single, adult men
  B. single mothers with 2 or 3 children
  C. runaway adolescents
  D. single, adult women
  B. single mothers with 2 or 3 children

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  Single mothers with two or three children are the fastest-growing segment of the homeless population. The majority of the children are under the age of five, and the total number of children who are homeless account for more than one-third of the homeless population in the United States. In the past, single adults were the largest group in the homeless population, with more men than women being homeless. Runaway adolescents account for another group of homeless children. Many are victims of abuse or long-term family or school problems.

• Question 247:

  In infants and children, the side effects of firstgeneration over-the counter (OTC) antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benedryl) and hydroxyzine (Atarax), can include __________.

  A. Reye's syndrome
  B. cholinergic effects
  C. paradoxical CNS stimulation
  D. nausea and diarrhea
  C. paradoxical CNS stimulation

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  Typically, first-generation OTC antihistamines have a sedating effect because of passage into the CNS. However, in some individuals, especially infants and children, paradoxical CNS stimulation occurs and is manifested by excitement, euphoria, restlessness, and confusion. For this reason, use of first-generation OTC antihistamines has declined and second-generation product use has increased. Reye's syndrome is a systemic response to a virus. First-generation OTC antihistamines do not exhibit a cholinergic effect. Nausea and diarrhea are uncommon with first-generation OTC antihistamines.

• Question 248:

  A patient has recently been prescribed (Norvasc).

  Which of the following side effect/s should the patient specifically watch out for?

  A. Hypotension and Angina
  B. Hypertension
  C. Lower extremity edema
  D. Peripheral sensory loss and SOB
  A. Hypotension and Angina

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  Explanation Explanation/Reference:Both angina and hypotension are associated with Norvasc's side effects.

• Question 249:

  When a woman has miscarried in three or more consecutive pregnancies, it is referred to a __________ type of spontaneous abortion.

  A. Inevitable
  B. Missed
  C. Habitual
  D. Habitual
  C. Habitual

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  When a woman has miscarried in three or more consecutive pregnancies, it is referred to as habitual abortions. Habitual abortions are often the result of the additional emotional trauma experienced from multiple miscarries. Inevitable abortions are characterizing with bleeding and dilation of the cervical os. When the fetus dies and growth ends, but remains in utero, it is called a missed abortion. Foul-smelling bleeding, fever, and cramping often occur with a septic abortion which is often the result of severe infections.

• Question 250:

  The PN is caring for a quadriplegic patient, and the patient begins to experience autonomic dysreflexia.

  What is the most appropriate action for the PN to take?

  A. Check the patient's urinary catheter.
  B. Administer nitroglycerin sublingually.
  C. Notify the physician.
  D. Elevate the head of the bed as high as possible.
  D. Elevate the head of the bed as high as possible.