ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL Online Questions & Answers

• Question 201:

  Consider the following user story about an e-commerce website's registration feature that only allows registered users to make purchases ; As a new user, I want to register to the website, so that I can start shopping online"

  The following are some of the acceptance criteria defined for the user story

  [a] The registration form consists of the following fields: username, email address, first name, last name, date of birth, password and repeat password. [b] To submit the registration request, the new user must fill in all the fields of the registration form with valid values and must agree to the terms and conditions. [c] To be valid, the email address must not be provided by free online mail services that allow to create disposable email addresses. A dedicated error message must be presented to inform the new user when an invalid address is entered. [d] To be valid, the first name and last name must contain only alphabetic characters and must be between 2 and 80 characters long A dedicated error message must be presented to inform the new user when an invalid first name and/or the last name is entered

  [e] After submitting the registration request, the new user must receive an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form

  Based only on the given information, which of the following ATDD tests is MOST LIKELY to be written first?

  A. The new user enters valid values in the fields of the registration form, except for the email address, where he/she enters an e-mail address provided by a free online mail service that allow to create disposable email addresses. Then he/ she is informed by the website about this issue.
  B. The new user enters valid values in the fields of the registration form, except for the first name, where he/she enters a first name with 10 characters that contains a number. Then he/she is informed by the website about this issue.
  C. The user accesses the website with a username and password, and successfully places a purchase order for five items, paying by Mastercard credit card
  D. The new user enters valid values in all the fields of the registration form, confirms to accept all the terms and conditions, submits the registration request and then receives an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form
  D. The new user enters valid values in all the fields of the registration form, confirms to accept all the terms and conditions, submits the registration request and then receives an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form

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  Explanation

  Acceptance Test-Driven Development (ATDD) tests focus on verifying whether the system meets the specified acceptance criteria.

  The most critical path to test first would be the scenario where everything is done correctly (happy path), ensuring the basic functionality works as expected.

  The new user provides all valid data.

  This ensures the registration form works and the user receives a confirmation email.

  This test covers the basic functionality and will help verify that the primary use case is handled correctly before testing invalid or edge cases.

  ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Chapter 4.5.3, Acceptance Test-Driven Development (ATDD).

• Question 202:

  A software calculates the annual car tax using three inputs:

  1.E: the emission level of the vehicle

  2.P: the power of the vehicle

  3.T: the type of the vehicle

  The input value for P can be integer positive values between 15 and 350.

  Which of the following answers contains a correct list of a boundary values for the P input?

  A. 14,351
  B. 14,15,350,351
  C. 15,350
  D. 5.175.500
  B. 14,15,350,351

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  Explanation

  A correct list of boundary values for the P input should include the minimum and maximum values of the valid range (15 and 350), as well as the values just below and above the boundaries (14 and 351). Boundary value analysis is a test design technique that involves testing the values at or near the boundaries of an input domain or output range, as these values are more likely to cause errors than values in the middle. Option B satisfies this condition, as it has all four boundary values (14, 15, 350, 351). Option A has only two boundary values (14 and 351), option C has only two boundary values (15 and 350), and option D has no boundary values at all. Verified

  References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, page 34.

• Question 203:

  Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

  A. Test cases are made up of input values, expected results and actual results developed to cover test objectives
  B. Test cases describe items or events to test that are derived from the test basis during the test analysis activity
  C. Test cases are sequences of actions for test execution specified during the test implementation activity
  D. Test cases are derived during the test design activity to cover test objectives or test conditions
  C. Test cases are sequences of actions for test execution specified during the test implementation activity

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  Explanation

  A test case is a set of input values, execution preconditions, expected results and execution postconditions, developed for a particular objective or test condition. A test case is a sequence of actions for test execution that can be followed by a tester or a test automation tool. A test case is specified during the test implementation activity, which is the activity that prepares the testware needed for test execution. A test case does not include actual results, as these are obtained during test execution and compared with the expected results. A test case does not describe items or events to test, as these are derived from the test basis during the test analysis activity. A test case is not derived during the test design activity, as this is the activity that specifies the test conditions or objectives that need to be tested. Verified

  References: [A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer], Chapter 3, page 23-24; Chapter 4, page 34.

• Question 204:

  Which ONE of the following roles is responsible for mediating, managing time, and generating a safe review environment in which everyone can speak freely?

  A. Manager
  B. Reviewer
  C. Review leader
  D. Moderator
  D. Moderator

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  Explanation

  Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

  The Moderator (D) plays a key role in formal reviews by facilitating discussions, ensuring that reviews stay on track, and creating an open environment for feedback. The Manager (A) is responsible for overseeing the testing process but does not directly facilitate reviews. The Reviewer (B) is responsible for examining the work product, while the Review Leader (C) organizes reviews but does not necessarily mediate them.

  ISTQB CTFL v4.0 Syllabus, Section 3.2.3 ?Roles and Responsibilities in a Review

• Question 205:

  A system has valid input numbers ranging between 1000 and 99999 (both inclusive). Which of the following inputs are a result of designing tests for all valid equivalence classes and their boundaries?

  A. 999.1000.23232.99999.100000
  B. 999.1000.50000.100000.100001
  C. 999.100000
  D. 1000,50000,99999
  B. 999.1000.50000.100000.100001

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  Explanation

  A correct list of boundary values for the P input should include the minimum and maximum values of the valid range (15 and 350), as well as the values just below and above the boundaries (14 and 351). Boundary value analysis is a test

  design technique that involves testing the values at or near the boundaries of an input domain or output range, as these values are more likely to cause errors than values in the middle. Option B satisfies this condition, as it has all four

  boundary values (14, 15, 350, 351). Option A has two values from the same equivalence class (1000 and 99999), option C has two values outside the range (999 and 100000), and option D has no boundary values at all.

  Verified

  References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, page 34.

• Question 206:

  How can testing contribute to higher quality?

  A. Testing help to measure the quality of software.
  B. Testing ensures that remaining defects are documented.
  C. Testing removes errors in the software.
  D. Testing eliminates the risk with software.
  A. Testing help to measure the quality of software.

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  Explanation

  Testing can contribute to higher quality by helping to measure the quality of software. Quality is defined as the degree to which a component or system satisfies specified requirements and customer or user needs and expectations. Testing is a process of evaluating a component or system by applying inputs and observing outputs, and comparing them with expected results. Testing can help to measure the quality of software by providing information on its functionality, performance, usability, security, reliability, etc. Testing can also help to identify and report defects in software, which can lead to improvement actions and quality assurance activities. The other options are not accurate descriptions of how testing can contribute to higher quality. Testing does not ensure that remaining defects are documented, but rather that detected defects are reported. Testing does not remove errors in software, but rather finds defects in software behavior or quality. Testing does not eliminate the risk with software, but rather assesses and manages the risk with software. Verified

  References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, page 3.

• Question 207:

  Which of the following answers describes a reason for adopting experience-based testing techniques?

  A. Experience-based test techniques provide more systematic coverage cnteria than black-box and white- box test techniques
  B. Experience-based test techniques completely rely on the tester's past experience for designing test cases.
  C. Experience-based test techniques allow designing test cases that are usually easier to reproduce than those designed with black-box and white-box test techniques.
  D. Experience-based test techniques tend to find defects that may be difficult to find with black-box and white-box test techniques and are often useful to complement these more systematic techniques.
  D. Experience-based test techniques tend to find defects that may be difficult to find with black-box and white-box test techniques and are often useful to complement these more systematic techniques.

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  Explanation

  Experience-based testing techniques leverage the tester's intuition and prior experience to identify defects that systematic techniques might miss. These techniques are valuable because they can uncover issues based on real-world usage and scenarios that aren't always covered by more formalized black-box and white-box methods. The ISTQB CTFL Syllabus v4.0 highlights the complementary nature of experience-based techniques in providing a broader defect detection strategy.

• Question 208:

  Which of the following BEST distinguishes the terms "validation" and "verification"?

  A. Verification is confirmation through the provision of objective evidence that the specified requirements have been met while validation is confirmation through the provision of objective evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use have been met
  B. Verification is confirmation through the provision of subjective evidence that the specified requirements have been met while validation is confirmation through the provision of subjective evidence that the designs for a specific intended use have been met
  C. Validation is confirmation through the provision of objective evidence that the specified requirements have been met while verification is confirmation through the provision of objective evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use have been met
  D. Validation is confirmation through the provision of subjective evidence that the specified requirements have been met while verification is confirmation through the provision of subjective evidence that the designs for a specific intended use have been met
  A. Verification is confirmation through the provision of objective evidence that the specified requirements have been met while validation is confirmation through the provision of objective evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use have been met

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  Explanation

  In the context of software testing, the ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 differentiates between "validation" and "verification" based on their respective focuses in the software development lifecycle. Verification is the process of evaluating a system or component to determine whether the products of a given development phase satisfy the conditions imposed at the start of that phase. In simpler terms, verification is about checking the product against the specified requirements to ensure it was built correctly. Validation, on the other hand, involves evaluating a system or component during or at the end of the development process to determine whether it meets specified requirements for its intended use. This means validation is about ensuring the product fulfills its intended use and meets the needs of the user.

  References: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus v4.0: ISTQB Official Website ISTQB Foundation Level Resources v4.0: ASTQB Resources

• Question 209:

  Which of the following examples represents System Integration testing?

  A. Testing an application m development environment which is similar to the production environment
  B. Testing the system based on specifications using simulator for a sub-system
  C. Testing an application's behaviour to check if it fulfils business needs
  D. Testing if e-commerce website works correctly with a third-party payment gateway
  D. Testing if e-commerce website works correctly with a third-party payment gateway

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  Explanation

• Question 210:

  Which of the following statements best describe Behavior-Driven Development (BDD)?

  A. A collaborative approach that allows every stakeholder to contribute to how the software component must behave.
  B. Expresses the behavior of an application with test cases written in Given When Then format.
  C. Is used to develop code guided by automated test cases.
  D. A psychological technique in which the team's behavior in agile teams is evaluated.
  A. A collaborative approach that allows every stakeholder to contribute to how the software component must behave.

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  Explanation

  Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) is a collaborative approach that enhances communication among project stakeholders, including developers, testers, and business analysts. It involves defining how software should behave through examples written in a common language understandable by all stakeholders, often using the Given-When-Then format.