PMI CAPM PMI-100 Questions & Answers

• Question 331:

  Funding limit reconciliation is a tool and technique of which Project Cost Management process?

  A. Estimate Costs

  B. Control Costs

  C. Plan Cost Management D. Determine Budget

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation:

  7.3.2.5 Funding Limit Reconciliation

  The expenditure of funds should be reconciled with any funding limits on the commitment of funds for the project. A variance between the funding limits and the planned expenditures will sometimes necessitate the rescheduling of work to level out the rate of expenditures. This is accomplished by placing imposed date constraints for work into the project schedule.

  Process: 7.3 Determine BudgetDefinition: The process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities or work packages to establish an authorized cost baseline. Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it determines the cost baseline against which project performance can be monitored and controlled.

  Inputs

  1.

  Cost management plan

  2.

  Scope baseline

  3.

  Activity cost estimates

  4.

  Basis of estimates

  5.

  Project schedule

  6.

  Resource calendars

  7.

  Risk register

  8.

  Agreements

  9.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Cost aggregation

  2.

  Reserve analysis

  3.

  Expert judgment

  4.

  Historical relationships

  5.

  Funding limit reconciliation

  Outputs

  1.

  Cost baseline

  2.

  Project funding requirements

  3.

  Project documents updates

• Question 332:

  Which Process Group includes the Manage Stakeholder Engagement process?

  A. Executing

  B. Planning

  C. Monitoring and Controlling

  D. Initiating

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation:

  Executing Process Group

  4.3 Direct and Manage Project Work

  8.2

  Perform Quality Assurance

  9.2

  Acquire Project Team

  9.3 Develop Project Team

  9.4

  Manage Project Team

  10.2

  Manage Communications

  12.2

  Conduct Procurements

  13.3

  Manage Stakeholder Engagement

  13.3 Manage Stakeholder Engagement

  Definition: The process of communicating and working with stakeholders to meet their needs/

  expectations, address issues as they occur, and foster appropriate stakeholder engagement in project

  activities throughout the project life cycle.

  Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it allows the project manager to increase support and

  minimize resistance from stakeholders, significantly increasing the chances to achieve project success.

  Inputs

  1.

  Stakeholder management plan

  2.

  Communications management plan

  3.

  Change log

  4.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Communication methods

  2.

  Interpersonal skills

  3.

  Management skills

  Outputs

  1.

  Issue log

  2.

  Change requests

  3.

  Project management plan updates

  4.

  Project documents updates

  5.

  Organizational process assets updates

• Question 333:

  Impacts to other organizational areas, levels of service, and acceptance criteria are typical components of which document?

  A. Business case

  B. Work breakdown structure

  C. Requirements documentation

  D. Risk register

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation:

  5.2.3.1 Requirements Documentation

  Requirements documentation describes how individual requirements meet the business need for the project. Requirements may start out at a high level and become progressively more detailed as more about the requirements is known. Before being baselined, requirements need to be unambiguous (measurable and testable), traceable, complete, consistent, and acceptable to key stakeholders. The format of a requirements document may range from a simple document listing all the requirements categorized by stakeholder and priority, to more elaborate forms containing an executive summary, detailed descriptions, and attachments. Components of requirements documentation can include, but, are not limited to:

  Business requirements, including:

  ○

  Business and project objectives for traceability;

  ○

  Business rules for the performing organization; and

  ○

  Guiding principles of the organization

  • Stakeholder requirements, including:

  ○

  Impacts to other organizational areas;

  ○

  Impacts to other entities inside or outside the performing organization; and

  ○

  Stakeholder communication and reporting requirements.

  • Solution requirements, including:

  ○

  Functional and nonfunctional requirements;

  ○

  Technology and standard compliance requirements;

  ○

  Support and training requirements;

  ○

  Quality requirements; and

  ○

  Reporting requirements, etc. (solution requirements can be documented textually, in models, or both).

  Project requirements, such as:

  ○

  Levels of service, performance, safety, compliance, etc.; and

  ○

  Acceptance criteria.

  Transition requirements.

  Requirements assumptions, dependencies, and constraints.

• Question 334:

  The process of obtaining seller responses, selecting a seller, and awarding a contract is called:

  A. Close Procurements.

  B. Control Procurements.

  C. Plan Procurements.

  D. Conduct Procurements.

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation:

  Process: 12.2 Conduct Procurements

  Definition: The process of obtaining seller responses, selecting a seller, and awarding a contract.

  Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it provides alignment of internal and external

  stakeholder expectations through established agreements.

  Inputs

  1.

  Procurement management plan

  2.

  Procurement documents

  3.

  Source selection criteria

  4.

  Seller proposals

  5.

  Project documents

  6.

  Make-or-buy decisions

  7.

  Procurement statement of work

  8.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Bidder conference

  2.

  Proposal evaluation techniques

  3.

  Independent estimates

  4.

  Expert judgment

  5.

  Advertising

  6.

  Analytical techniques

  7.

  Procurement negotiations

  Outputs

  1.

  .Selected sellers

  2.

  .Agreements

  3.

  .Resource calendars

  4.

  .Change requests

  5.

  .Project management plan updates

  6.

  .Project documents updates

• Question 335:

  Analytical techniques are a tool and technique of which process in Project Procurement Management?

  A. Plan Procurement Management

  B. Control Procurements

  C. Conduct Procurements

  D. Close Procurements

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation:

  4.4.2.2 Analytical Techniques

  Analytical techniques are applied in project management to forecast potential outcomes based on possible variations of project or environmental variables and their relationships with other variables. Examples of

  analytical

  techniques used in projects are:

  Regression analysis,

  Grouping methods,

  Causal analysis,

  Root cause analysis,

  Forecasting methods (e.g., time series, scenario building, simulation, etc.),

  Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA),

  Fault tree analysis (FTA),

  Reserve analysis,

  Trend analysis,

  Earned value management, and

  Variance analysis.

  Process: 12.2 Conduct Procurements Definition: The process of obtaining seller responses, selecting a seller, and awarding a contract. Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it provides alignment of internal and external stakeholder expectations through established agreements.

  Inputs

  1.

  Procurement management plan

  2.

  Procurement documents

  3.

  Source selection criteria

  4.

  Seller proposals

  5.

  Project documents

  6.

  Make-or-buy decisions

  7.

  Procurement statement of work

  8.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Bidder conference

  2.

  Proposal evaluation techniques

  3.

  Independent estimates

  4.

  Expert judgment

  5.

  Advertising

  6.

  Analytical techniques

  7.

  Procurement negotiations

  Outputs

  1.

  .Selected sellers

  2.

  .Agreements

  3.

  .Resource calendars

  4.

  .Change requests

  5.

  .Project management plan updates

  6.

  .Project documents updates

• Question 336:

  Which quality tool incorporates the upper and lower specification limits allowed within an agreement?

  A. Control chart

  B. Flowchart

  C. Checksheet

  D. Pareto diagram

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 337:

  An intentional activity to modify a nonconforming product or product component is called:

  A. defect repair

  B. work repair

  C. corrective action

  D. preventive action

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation:

  4.3.3.3 Change Requests

  A change request is a formal proposal to modify any document, deliverable, or baseline. An approved change request will replace the associated document, deliverable, or baseline and may result in an update to other parts of the project management plan. When issues are found while project work is being performed, change requests are submitted, which may modify project policies or procedures, project scope, project cost or budget, project schedule, or project quality. Other change requests cover the needed preventive or corrective actions to forestall negative impact later in the project. Requests for a change can be direct or indirect, externally or internally initiated, and can be optional or legally/ contractually mandated, and may include:

  Corrective action—An intentional activity that realigns the performance of the project work with the project management plan;

  Preventive action—An intentional activity that ensures the future performance of the project work is aligned with the project management plan;

  Defect repair—An intentional activity to modify a nonconforming product or product component;

  Updates—Changes to formally controlled project documents, plans, etc., to reflect modified or additional ideas or content.

• Question 338:

  Variance and trend analysis is a tool and technique used in which process?

  A. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

  B. Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

  C. Control Risks

  D. Plan Risk Responses

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation:

  Process: 11.6 Control Risks Definition: The process of implementing risk response plans, tracking identified risks, monitoring residual risks, identifying new risks, and evaluating risk process effectiveness throughout the project. Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it improves efficiency of the risk approach throughout the project life cycle to continuously optimize risk responses.

  Inputs

  1.

  Project management plan

  2.

  Risk register

  3.

  Work performance data

  4.

  Work performance reports

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Risk reassessment

  2.

  Risk audits

  3.

  Variance and trend analysis

  4.

  Technical performance measurement

  5.

  Reserve analysis

  6.

  Meetings

  Outputs

  1.

  Work performance information

  2.

  Change requests

  3.

  Project management plan updates

  4.

  Project documents updates

  5.

  Organizational process assets updates

• Question 339:

  Grouping the stakeholders based on their level of authority and their level of concern regarding project outcomes describes which classification model for stakeholder analysis?

  A. Influence/impact grid

  B. Power/influence grid

  C. Power/interest grid

  D. Salience model

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation:

  13.1.2.1 Stakeholder Analysis

  Stakeholder analysis is a technique of systematically gathering and analyzing quantitative and qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account throughout the project. It identifies the interests, expectations, and influence of the stakeholders and relates them to the purpose of the project. It also helps to identify stakeholder relationships (with the project and with other stakeholders) that can be leveraged to build coalitions and potential partnerships to enhance the project's chance of success, along with stakeholder relationships that need to be influenced differently at different stages of the project or phase.

  Stakeholder analysis generally follows the steps described below: Identify all potential project stakeholders and relevant information, such as their roles, departments, interests, knowledge, expectations, and influence levels. Key stakeholders are usually easy to identify. They include anyone in a decision-making or management role who is impacted by the project outcome, such as the sponsor, the project manager, and the primary customer. Identifying other stakeholders is usually done by interviewing identified stakeholders and expanding the list until all potential stakeholders are included.

  Analyze the potential impact or support each stakeholder could generate, and classify them so as to define an approach strategy. In large stakeholder communities, it is important to prioritize the stakeholders to ensure the efficient use of effort to communicate and manage their expectations.

  Assess how key stakeholders are likely to react or respond in various situations, in order to plan how to influence them to enhance their support and mitigate potential negative impacts.

  There are multiple classification models used for stakeholders analysis, such as:

  

  Power/interest grid, grouping the stakeholders based on their level of authority (“power”) and their level or concern (“interest”) regarding the project outcomes;

  

  Power/influence grid, grouping the stakeholders based on their level of authority (“power”) and their active involvement (“influence”) in the project;

  

  Influence/impact grid, grouping the stakeholders based on their active involvement (“influence”) in the project and their ability to effect changes to the project's planning or execution (“impact”); and

  

  Salience model, describing classes of stakeholders based on their power (ability to impose their will), urgency (need for immediate attention), and legitimacy (their involvement is appropriate).

• Question 340:

  The primary benefit of the Plan Schedule Management process is that it:

  A. provides guidance to identify time or schedule challenges within the project.

  B. tightly links processes to create a seamless project schedule.

  C. guides how the project schedule will be managed throughout the project.

  D. creates an overview of all activities broken down into manageable subsections.

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation:

  Process: 6.1 Plan Schedule ManagementDefinition: The process of establishing the policies, procedures, and documentation for planning, developing, managing, executing, and controlling the project schedule.

  Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it provides guidance and direction on how the project schedule will be managed throughout the project.

  Inputs

  1.

  Project management plan

  2.

  Project charter

  3.

  Enterprise environmental factors

  4.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Expert judgment

  2.

  Analytical techniques

  3.

  Meetings

  Outputs

  1. Schedule management plan