An administrator is designing a vSphere cluster with the VSAN default policy. The requirement is to maintain full redundancy of data and virtual disks during any patching or maintenance of this cluster.
What is needed to meet the needs of this scenario?
A. A minimum of four hosts in the cluster
B. VMware Proactive HA
C. Multiple disk groups per host
D. Use of RAID-5/6 erasure coding
Correct Answer: A
When not using a witness, there is a minimum requirement of 3 ESXi hosts in a vSAN cluster. This is the same for all versions. While vSAN fully supports 3-node configurations, they can behave differently than configurations with 4 or greater nodes. In particular, in the event of a failure there is no way for vSAN to rebuild components on another host in the cluster to tolerate another failure. Also with 3-node configurations, vSAN does not have the ability to migrate all data from a node during maintenance.
Design decision: Consider 4 or more nodes for the vSAN cluster design for maximum availability References: VMware vSAN Design and Sizing Guide. Page: 51
Question 62:
Which vSAN health check category is viewed to confirm supported storage controller drivers are in use across all hosts in the cluster?
A. Online health
B. Hardware Compatibility
C. Physical disk
D. Cluster
Correct Answer: B
vSAN Health Service - Hardware Compatibility - Controller Firmware Check This health check verifies whether the storage I/O controller firmware is compatible with the controller on the ESXi host and the version of ESXi.
If the controller is on the VMware vSAN Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) and passes appropriate controller checks, the Controller Firmware Check verifies that there the firmware version in use is on the list of supported drivers.
A. The maximum bandwidth provided by a Fiber Channel switch.
B. The time required for a system to process a storage transaction.
C. The level of availability in a storage sub-system
D. The minimum bandwidth provided by an iSCSI initiator.
Correct Answer: B
Latency is a measure of the time required for a sub-system or a component in that sub-system to process a single storage transaction or data request. It's akin to the propagation delay of a signal through a discrete component and is typically a function of hardware. For storage subsystems, latency refers to how long it takes for a single data request to be received and the right data found and accessed from the storage media.
Given a limited maximum queue depth, what can an administrator do to potentially improve performance when deploying vSAN iSCSI volumes?
A. Utilize multiple iSCSI targets.
B. Change the erasure coding to RAID-6
C. Adjust the maximum iSCSI queue depth values
D. Configure multiple VMkernel ports
Correct Answer: C
Today if you are noticing that your device queues are constantly bumping up to their maximum limits, it would be recommended to increase the Device/LUN depth and use SIOC to help mitigate any potential noisy neighbor problem.
A virtual machine named VM01 is running on Host01 on a four-node vSAN cluster. vSphere HA is enabled for the cluster. vSphere HA host isolation response is set to Power off and restart VMs. VM01 has a storage policy assigned to it that contains the rule Primary level of failures to tolerate = 1.
A network failure occurs that causes a vSAN network partition. Host01 is isolated from the rest of the cluster. The other three nodes are NOT affected by the network failure.
How does this network failure impact VM01?
A. vSphere HA attempts to restart VM01 on Host01 after the number of minutes configured in the VSAN.ClomRepairDelay advanced setting has elapsed.
B. vSphere HA immediately attempts to restart VM01 on Host01.
C. vSAN rebuilds all components that belong to VM01 on other nodes in the cluster. After the rebuild is complete vSphere HA attempts to restart VM01 on a node other than Host01.
D. vSphere HA powers off VM01 and attempts to restart it on a node other than Host01.
Correct Answer: C
vSAN will wait for 60 minutes by default and then rebuild the affected data on other hosts in the cluster. The 60-minute timer is in place to avoid unnecessary movement of large amounts of data. As an example, a reboot takes the host offline for approximately 10 minutes. It would be inefficient and resource intensive to begin rebuilding several gigabytes or terabytes of data when the host is offline briefly. vSphere HA is tightly integrated with vSAN. The VMs that were running on a failed host are rebooted on other healthy hosts in the cluster in a matter of minutes. A click-through demonstration of this scenario is available here: vSphere HA and vSAN 50 VM Recovery.
Recommendation: Enable vSphere HA for a vSAN cluster. Reference: vSAN Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ).pdf (Page 11)
Question 66:
If a vSAN capacity device experiences a pattern of sustained high latency, how does vSAN attempt to remediate the issue?
A. vSAN attempts to evacuate the data from the storage device.
B. vSphere DRS migrates all virtual machines from the host containing the affected device
C. Virtual machines with components on the affected device are rebooted if vSphere Proactive HA is enabled
D. The host containing the storage device is automatically placed into maintenance mode and the "vSAN storage device failure" alarms is triggered.
Correct Answer: A
In vSAN 6.1 we introduced Dying Disk Handling to identify and remediate pro-actively disks that we detected high latency from. When failure of a device is anticipated, vSAN evaluates the data on the device. If there are replicas of the data on other devices in the cluster, vSAN will mark these components as "absent". "Absent" components are not rebuilt immediately as it is possible the cause of the issue is temporary. vSAN waits for 60 minutes by default before starting the rebuilding process. This does not affect the availability of a virtual machine as the data is still accessible using one or more other replicas in the cluster. If the only replica of data is located on a suspect device, vSAN will immediately start the evacuation of this data to other healthy storage devices.
Which three statements are true regarding vsanSparse snapshots? (Choose three.)
A. They require vSAN 6.0 or higher.
B. They support up to 24 snapshots
C. They use a copy-on-write format
D. They use an always-sparse format.
E. They are supported if a virtual machine has machine has existing vmfsSparse snapshots
F. They are supported if the on-disk format is v1 or higher
Correct Answer: ADE
AD (not C): vSAN 6.0 introduces a new on-disk format that includes VirstoFS technology. This always-sparse filesystem provides the basis for a new snapshot format, also introduced with vSAN 6.0, called vsanSparse.
E: If the underlying is storage is vSAN, if the on-disk format is v2, and if there are no older vmfsSparse/ redo log format snapshots on the virtual machine, vsanSparse format snapshots will be automatically used. If a virtual machine has existing vmfsSparse/redo log based snapshots, it will continue to get vmfsSparse/ redo log based snapshots until the user consolidates and deletes all of the current snapshots.
Incorrect Answers:
B: A chain of up to 32 snapshots is supported.
F: The new vsanSparse format leverages the underlying sparseness of the new VirstoFS filesystem (v2) on-disk format
A. The amount of network bandwidth measured in segments that is required to process iSCSI overhead.
B. The number of input and/or output operations in one second.
C. Integrated Output Performance Statistic.
D. Intermittent Operations in Primary Storage.
Correct Answer: B
Input/output operations per second (IOPS, pronounced eye-ops) is an input/output performance measurement used to characterize computer storage devices like hard disk drives (HDD), solid state drives (SSD), and storage area networks (SAN).
References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOPS
Question 69:
A three-host hybrid vSAN has been deployed. Hardware maintenance is required for one of the hosts. What happens when the host is place into maintenance mode using the "Evacuate all data" option?
A. All data is migrated from the host that is being placed into maintenance mode. Data redundancy is temporarily reduced.
B. All data is migrated from the host that is being placed into maintenance mode. Once the data migration is complete, the host enters maintenance mode.
C. The host enters maintenance mode.. A warning displays indicating it is NOT possible to migrate all data from the host if any object has a policy assigned where Primary level of failures to tolerate is greater than 0.
D. When working with a three-host cluster, you CANNOT place a server in maintenance mode with the "Evacuate all data" option selected.
Correct Answer: D
A cluster with three fault domains has the same restrictions that a three-host cluster has, such as the inability to use Evacuate all data mode or to reprotect data after a failure.
Which three of the listed items are monitored by the vSAN performance service? (Choose three.)
A. VMkernel adapters at the cluster level
B. Virtual machine consumption at the cluster level
C. Disk group at the host level
D. VMkernel adapters at the virtual disk level
E. Backend traffic at the cluster level
Correct Answer: ABE
A:
1.
Navigate to the vSAN cluster in the vSphere Web Client Navigator, and select a host.
2.
Click the Monitor tab and click Performance.
3.
Select vSAN - VMkernel Adapters, and select a VMkernel adapter, such as vmk1. Select a time range for your query.
4.
vSAN displays performance charts for the VMkernel adapter, including throughput, packets per second, and packets loss rate.
BE: When the performance service is turned on, the cluster summary displays an overview of Virtual SAN performance statistics, including Virtual SAN IOPS, throughput, and latency. At the cluster level, you can view detailed statistical charts for virtual machine consumption and the Virtual SAN back end.
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