HashiCorp TERRAFORM-ASSOCIATE-003 Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

HashiCorp TERRAFORM-ASSOCIATE-003 Online Questions & Answers

• Question 121:

  What type of block is used to construct a collection of nested configuration blocks?

  A. for_each
  B. repeated
  C. nesting
  D. dynamic
  D. dynamic

  ---

  Explanation

  This is the type of block that is used to construct a collection of nested configuration blocks, by using a for_each argument to iterate over a collection value and generate a nested block for each element. For example, you can use a dynamic block to create multiple ingress rules for a security group resource. https://www.terraform.io/language/expressions/dynamic-blocks

• Question 122:

  Which of the following are string functions? Select three

  A. tostring
  B. tonumber
  C. Chomp
  D. format
  E. join
  C. Chomp
  D. format
  E. join

  ---

  Explanation

  tonumber and tostring are Type Conversion function https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/functions.html

• Question 123:

  A terraform apply can not _________ infrastructure.

  A. change
  B. destroy
  C. provision
  D. import
  D. import

  ---

  Explanation

  The terraform import command is used to import existing infrastructure into Terraform's state. This allows Terraform to manage and destroy the imported infrastructure as part of the configuration. The terraform import command does not

  modify the configuration, so the imported resources must be manually added to the configuration after the import.

  References: [Importing Infrastructure]

  https://www.educative.io/answers/what-is-the-command-to-destroy-infrastructure-in-terraform

• Question 124:

  A developer accidentally launched a VM (virtual machine) outside of the Terraform workflow and ended up with two servers with the same name. They don't know which VM Terraform manages but do have a list of all active VM IDs. Which of the following methods could you use to discover which instance Terraform manages?

  A. Run terraform state list to find the names of all VMs, then run terraform state show for each of them to find which VM ID Terraform manages
  B. Update the code to include outputs for the ID of all VMs, then run terraform plan to view the outputs
  C. Run terraform taint/code on all the VMs to recreate them
  D. Use terraform refresh/code to find out which IDs are already part of state
  A. Run terraform state list to find the names of all VMs, then run terraform state show for each of them to find which VM ID Terraform manages

  ---

  Explanation

  The terraform state list command lists all resources that are managed by Terraform in the current state file1. The terraform state show command shows the attributes of a single resource in the state file2. By using these two commands, you can compare the VM IDs in your list with the ones in the state file and identify which one is managed by Terraform.

• Question 125:

  True or False: A list(...) contain a number of values of the same type while an object(...) can contain a number of values of different types.

  A. False
  B. True
  B. True

  ---

  Explanation

  Collection Types

  A collection type allows multiple values of one other type to be grouped together as a single value. The type of value within a collection is called its element type. All collection types must have an element type, which is provided as the

  argument to their constructor. For example, the type list(string) means "list of strings", which is a different type than list(number), a list of numbers. All elements of a collection must always be of the same type.

  The three kinds of collection type in the Terraform language are:

  *

  list(...): a sequence of values identified by consecutive whole numbers starting with zero. The keyword list is a shorthand for list(any), which accepts any element type as long as every element is the same type. This is for compatibility with

  older configurations; for new code, we recommend using the full form.

  *

  map(...): a collection of values where each is identified by a string label. The keyword map is a shorthand for map(any), which accepts any element type as long as every element is the same type. This is for compatibility with older

  configurations; for new code, we recommend using the full form.

  *

  set(...): a collection of unique values that do not have any secondary identifiers or ordering.

  https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/types.html Structural Types

  A structural type allows multiple values of several distinct types to be grouped together as a single value. Structural types require a schema as an argument, to specify which types are allowed for which elements.

  The two kinds of structural type in the Terraform language are:

  * object(...): a collection of named attributes that each have their own type. The schema for object types is { = , = , ... }--a pair of curly braces containing a comma-separated series of = pairs.

  Values that match the object type must contain all of the specified keys, and the value for each key must match its specified type. (Values with additional keys can still match an object type, but the extra attributes are discarded during type

  conversion.)

  *

  tuple(...): a sequence of elements identified by consecutive whole numbers starting with zero, where each element has its own type. The schema for tuple types is [, , ...]--a pair of square brackets containing a comma-

  separated series of types. Values that match the tuple type must have exactly the same number of elements (no more and no fewer), and the value in each position must match the specified type for that position.

  For example: an object type of object({ name=string, age=number }) would match a value like the following:

  {

  name = "John"

  age = 52

  }

  Also, an object type of object({ id=string, cidr_block=string }) would match the object produced by a reference to an aws_vpc resource, like aws_vpc.example_vpc; although the resource has additional attributes, they would be discarded

  during type conversion. Finally, a tuple type of tuple([string, number, bool]) would match a value like the following:

  ["a", 15, true]

  https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/types.html

• Question 126:

  John is writing a module and within the module, there are multiple places where he has to use the same conditional expression but he wants to avoid repeating the same values or expressions multiple times in a configuration,. What is a better approach to dealing with this?

  A. Local Values
  B. Expressions
  C. Functions
  D. Variables
  A. Local Values

  ---

  Explanation

  A local value assigns a name to an expression, allowing it to be used multiple times within a module without repeating it. https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/locals.html

• Question 127:

  What allows you to conveniently switch between multiple instances of a single configuration within its single backend?

  A. Local backends
  B. Providers
  C. Remote backends
  D. Workspaces
  D. Workspaces

  ---

  Explanation

  Named workspaces allow conveniently switching between multiple instances of a single configuration within its single backend. ... A common use for multiple workspaces is to create a parallel, distinct copy of a set of infrastructure in order to test a set of changes before modifying the main production infrastructure. Workspaces, allowing multiple states to be associated with a single configuration. The configuration still has only one backend, but multiple distinct instances of that configuration to be deployed without configuring a new backend or changing authentication credentials. https://www.terraform.io/docs/state/workspaces.html

• Question 128:

  What is terraform refresh intended to detect?

  A. Terraform configuration code changes
  B. Empty state files
  C. State file drift
  D. Corrupt state files
  C. State file drift

  ---

  Explanation

  "The terraform refresh command reads the current settings from all managed remote objects and updates the Terraform state to match. Warning: This command is deprecated, because its default behavior is unsafe if you have misconfigured credentials for any of your providers. See below for more information and recommended alternatives." https://www.terraform.io/cli/commands/refresh

• Question 129:

  Which of the following is not a valid Terraform variable type?

  A. list
  B. array
  C. nap
  D. string
  B. array

  ---

  Explanation

  This is not a valid Terraform variable type. The other options are valid variable types that can store different kinds of values.

• Question 130:

  How would you reference the "name" value of the second instance of this fictitious resource?

  

  A. element(aws_instance.web, 2)
  B. aws_instance.web[1].name
  C. aws_instance.web[1]
  D. aws_instance.web[2].name
  E. aws_instance.web.*.name
  B. aws_instance.web[1].name

  ---

  Explanation

  In Terraform, when you use the count meta-argument, you can reference individual instances using an index. The indexing starts at 0, so to reference the "name" value of the second instance, you would use aws_instance.web[1].name. This syntax allows you to access the properties of specific instances in a list generated by the count argument.

  https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration-0-11/interpolation.html https://www.terraform.io/language/meta-arguments/count#referring-to-instances