The Open Group OGEA-10B Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

The Open Group OGEA-10B Online Questions & Answers

• Question 71:

  Consider the image showing basic architectural concepts.

  

  What are items A and B?

  A. A-Architecture Viewpoint, B-Architecture View
  B. A-Architecture Board, B-Architecture Capability
  C. A-Candidate Architecture, B-Trade-off
  D. A-Requirement. B-Candidate Architecture
  A. A-Architecture Viewpoint, B-Architecture View

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  Explanation

  The image shows a diagram that illustrates the basic concepts of architecture description as defined by the ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 standard1, which is also adopted by the TOGAF standard2. According to the ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011

  standard, an architecture description is a work product used to express an architecture, and it consists of one or more architecture views1. An architecture view is a representation of a system from the perspective of a related set of concerns,

  and it conforms to an architecture viewpoint1. An architecture viewpoint is a specification of the conventions for constructing and using an architecture view to address specific stakeholder concerns1. Therefore, the correct answer is option A,

  which identifies the items labeled as "A" and "B" in the image as an architecture viewpoint and an architecture view, respectively.

  References:

  1: ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 - Systems and software engineering -- Architecture description1

  2: TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Part IV: Architecture Content Framework

  31. Architectural Artifacts2

• Question 72:

  Please read this scenario prior to answering the question

  You are working as Chief Enterprise Architect at a large Internet company. The company has many divisions, ranging from cloud to logistics. The company has grown rapidly, expanding from initially selling physical books and media to a range of services including an online marketplace, live-streaming. eBooks. and cloud services.

  Overall management of the numerous divisions has become challenging. Recent high- profile projects have overrun on budget and under delivered, damaging the company's reputation, and adversely impacting its share price. There is a widely held view within the executive management that the organization structure has played a major role in these project failures. The company has an established Enterprise Architecture program based on the TOGAF standard, sponsored jointly by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Information Officer (CIO). The CEO has decided that the company needs to reorganize its divisions around artificial intelligence and machine learning with a focus on automation. The CEO has worked with the Enterprise Architects to create a strategic architecture for the reorganization, including an Architecture Vision, together with definitions for the four domain architectures. This sets out an ambitious vision of the future of the company over a three-year period. This includes a set of work packages and includes three distinct transformations.

  The CIO has made it clear that prior to the approval of the detailed Implementation and Migration plan, the EAteam will need to assess the risks associated with the proposed architecture. He has received concerns from key stakeholders across the company that the proposed reorganization may be too ambitious and there is doubt whether it can produce sufficient value to warrant the risks.

  Refer to the scenario

  You have been asked to recommend an approach to satisfy these concerns. Based on the TOGAF Standard, which of the following is the best answer?

  A. The Enterprise Architects should evaluate the organization's readiness to undergo change. This will allow the risks associated with the transformations to be identified, classified, and mitigated for. This should include identifying dependencies between the set of changes, including gaps and work packages. It will also identify improvement actions to be worked into the Implementation and Migration Plan. The business value, effort, and risk associated for each transformation should be determined.
  B. The Enterprise Architects should bring together information about potential approaches and produce several alternative target transition architectures. They should then investigate the different architecture alternatives and discuss these with stakeholders using the Architecture Alternatives and Trade-offs technique. Once the target architecture has been selected, it should be analyzed using a state evolution table to determine the Transition Architectures. A value realization process should then be established to ensure that the concerns raised are addressed.
  C. Establishing interoperability in alignment with the corporate operating model will ensure risks are minimized. The Enterprise Architects should apply an interoperability analysis to evaluate any potential issues across the architecture. This should include the development of a matrix showing the interoperability requirements. These can then be included within the transformation strategy embedded in the target transition architectures. The Enterprise Architects should then finalize the Architecture Roadmap and the Implementation and Migration Plan.
  D. Before preparing the detailed Implementation and Migration plan, the Enterprise Architects should review and consolidate the gap analysis results from Phases B to This will identify the transformations required to achieve the proposed Target Architecture. The Enterprise Architects should then assess the readiness of the organization to undergo change and determine an overall direction to address and mitigate risks identified. The Transition Architecture should then be planned to use a state evolution table.
  A. The Enterprise Architects should evaluate the organization's readiness to undergo change. This will allow the risks associated with the transformations to be identified, classified, and mitigated for. This should include identifying dependencies between the set of changes, including gaps and work packages. It will also identify improvement actions to be worked into the Implementation and Migration Plan. The business value, effort, and risk associated for each transformation should be determined.

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  Explanation

  The Business Transformation Readiness Assessment is a technique that can be used to evaluate the readiness of the organization to undergo change and to identify the actions needed to increase the likelihood of a successful business transformation. This technique can help to address the concerns of the key stakeholders about the risks and value of the proposed reorganization. The technique involves assessing the following aspects of the organization: vision, commitment, capacity, capability, culture, and communication. Based on the assessment, the risks associated with the transformations can be identified, classified, and mitigated for. The technique also helps to identify the dependencies between the set of changes, including gaps and work packages, and the improvement actions to be worked into the Implementation and Migration Plan. The technique also supports the determination of the business value, effort, and risk associated for each transformation, which can be used to prioritize and sequence the work packages and the Transition Architectures1

  References: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 27: Business Transformation Readiness Assessment

• Question 73:

  What component of the Architecture Repository represents architecture requirements agreed with the Architecture Board?

  A. Reference Library
  B. Architecture Capability
  C. Architecture Requirements Repository
  D. Governance Log
  C. Architecture Requirements Repository

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  Explanation

  The Architecture Requirements Repository stores all the requirements that are output of the architecture development cycle, as well as the requirements that are input to the architecture development cycle1. The Architecture Requirements Repository includes the following types of requirements1:

  - Stakeholder Requirements: These are the high-level requirements and expectations of the stakeholders, derived from the business drivers, goals, and objectives. They are captured and refined in the Architecture Vision phase and the Requirements Management phase. - Architecture Requirements: These are the detailed requirements that specify what the architecture must do or deliver to meet the stakeholder requirements. They are derived and refined in the Business, Information Systems, and Technology Architecture phases. - Implementation and Migration Requirements: These are the detailed requirements that specify what the implementation and migration projects must do or deliver to realize the architecture. They are derived and refined in the Opportunities and Solutions and Migration Planning phases. The Architecture Requirements Repository is used to manage the architecture requirements throughout the architecture lifecycle, ensuring their traceability, consistency, and compliance1. The Architecture Board is the authority that reviews and approves the architecture requirements, as well as the architecture deliverables and artifacts, as part of the architecture governance process2.

  References: 1: Architecture Requirements Repository 2: Architecture Board

• Question 74:

  Please read this scenario prior to answering the question

  Your role is that of a consultant to the Lead Enterprise Architect to an international supplier of engineering services and automated manufacturing systems. It has three manufacturing plants where it assembles both standard and customized products for industrial production automation. Each of these plants has been operating its own planning and production scheduling systems, as well as applications and control systems that drive the automated production line.

  The Enterprise Architecture department has been operating for several years and has mature, well-developed architecture governance and development processes that are based on the TOGAF Standard. The CIO sponsors the Enterprise Architecture.

  During a recent management meeting, a senior Vice-President highlighted an interview where a competitor company's CIO is reported as saying that their production efficiency had been improved by replacing multiple planning and scheduling systems with a common Enterprise

  Resource Planning (ERP) system located in a central data center. Some discussion followed, with the CIO responding that the situations are not comparable, and the current architecture is already optimized.

  In response, the Architecture Board approved a Request for Architecture Work covering the investigations to determine if such an architecture transformation would lead to improvements in efficiency. You have been assigned to support the architecture team working on this project.

  A well-known concern of the plant managers is about the security and reliability of driving their planning and production scheduling from a remote centralized system. Any chosen system would also need to support the current supply chain network consisting of local partners at each of the plants.

  Refer to the scenario

  You have been asked to explain how you will initiate the architecture project.

  Based on the TOGAF Standard, which of the following is the best answer?

  A. You would research vendor literature and conduct a series of briefings with vendors that are on the current approved supplier list. Based on the findings from the research, you would define a preliminary Architecture Vision including summary views, high-level requirements, and high-level definitions of the baseline and target environments from a business, information systems, and technology perspective. You would then use that to build consensus among the key stakeholders.
  B. You would conduct a pilot project that will enable vendors to demonstrate potential off-the-shelf solutions that address the concerns of the stakeholders. Running a pilot project will save time and money later in the process. Based on the findings of that pilot project, a complete set of requirements can then be developed that will drive the evolution of the architecture. Once the requirements are completed, a formal stakeholder review should be held, and permission sought to proceed to develop the target architecture.
  C. You would hold a series of interviews at each of the manufacturing plants using the business scenarios technique. This will allow you to understand the systems and integrations with local partners. You would use stakeholder analysis to identify key players in the engagement, and to understand their concerns. You will then identify and document the key high-level stakeholder requirements for the architecture. You will then generate high level definitions of the baseline and target architectures.
  D. You would develop baseline and target Architectures for each of the manufacturing plants, ensuring that the views corresponding to selected viewpoints address key concerns of the stakeholders. A business case, together with performance metrics and measures should be defined to ensure the architecture meets the business needs. A consolidated gap analysis between the architectures will then validate the approach and determine the capability increments needed to achieve the target state.
  C. You would hold a series of interviews at each of the manufacturing plants using the business scenarios technique. This will allow you to understand the systems and integrations with local partners. You would use stakeholder analysis to identify key players in the engagement, and to understand their concerns. You will then identify and document the key high-level stakeholder requirements for the architecture. You will then generate high level definitions of the baseline and target architectures.

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  Explanation

  The best answer is C. You would hold a series of interviews at each of the manufacturing plants using the business scenarios technique. This will allow you to understand the systems and integrations with local partners. You would use stakeholder analysis to identify key players in the engagement, and to understand their concerns. You will then identify and document the key high-level stakeholder requirements for the architecture. You will then generate high level definitions of the baseline and target architectures. This answer is based on the TOGAF standard, which recommends the following steps to initiate the architecture project1: Establish the architecture project Identify stakeholders, concerns, and business requirements Confirm and elaborate business goals, business drivers, and constraints Evaluate business capabilities Assess readiness for business transformation Define scope Confirm and elaborate Architecture Principles, including business principles Develop Architecture Vision Define the Target Architecture value propositions and KPIs Identify the business transformation risks and mitigation activities Secure stakeholder and sponsor approval The answer C covers most of these steps, by using the business scenarios technique to elicit and validate the business requirements, goals, drivers, and constraints, as well as the current and future states of the architecture2. The answer C also uses stakeholder analysis to identify and engage the key stakeholders, and to address their concerns and expectations3. The answer C also generates high level definitions of the baseline and target architectures, which can be used to develop the Architecture Vision and the value propositions4. The other answers are not the best approach for architecture development, because: Answer A focuses on researching vendor literature and conducting briefings with vendors, which is not the best way to understand the business needs and the current situation of the enterprise. Answer A also defines a preliminary Architecture Vision without involving the stakeholders or validating the requirements, which may lead to misalignment and lack of consensus. Answer B conducts a pilot project that will enable vendors to demonstrate potential solutions, which is premature and costly at this stage of the architecture project. Answer B also does not address the stakeholder concerns or the current systems and integrations, which may result in gaps and risks. Answer B also develops the requirements after the pilot project, which may not reflect the actual business needs and goals. Answer D develops baseline and target architectures for each of the manufacturing plants, which may not consider the enterprise-wide perspective and the potential benefits of a common ERP system. Answer D also does not involve the stakeholders or address their concerns, which may result in resistance and conflict. Answer D also does not define the business case or the performance metrics, which are essential for demonstrating the value and feasibility of the architecture.

  References: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Vision 2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Business Scenarios 3: [The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Stakeholder Management] 4: [The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 Architecture Definition Document]

• Question 75:

  Please read this scenario prior to answering the question

  You are the Chief Enterprise Architect at a large food service company specializing in sales to trade and wholesale, for example, restaurants and other food retailers.

  One of your company's competitors has launched a revolutionary product range and is running a very aggressive marketing campaign. Your company's resellers are successively announcing that they are not interested in your company's products and will sell your competitor's.

  The CEO has stated there must be significant change to address the situation. He has made it clear that new markets must be found for the company's products, and that the business needs to pivot, and address the retail market as well as the existing wholesale market.

  A consideration is the company's ability and willingness to change its business model, and if it is a temporary or permanent change. An additional risk factor is one of culture. The company has been used to a stable business with a reasonably well known and settled client base - all with its own local understandings and practices.

  The CEO is the sponsor of the EA program within the company. You have been engaged with the sales, logistics, production, and marketing teams, enabling the architecture activity to start. An Architecture Vision, Architecture Principles, and Requirements have all been agreed. As you move forward to develop a possible Target Architecture you have identified that some of the key stakeholders' preferences are incompatible. The incompatibilities are focused primarily on time-tomarket, cost savings, and the need to bring out a fully featured product range, but there are additional factors.

  Refer to the scenario

  You have been asked how you will address the incompatibilities between key stakeholder preferences.

  Based on the TOGAF standard which of the following is the best answer?

  A. You would seek to understand value preferences and priorities of the stakeholders. You would develop alternative Target Architectures, highlighting the gaps between current state and the alternatives. You would consider combining features from one or more alternatives in collaboration with the stakeholders. A formal stakeholder review should then be held to decide which alternative is fit for purpose and should be moved forward with. You will then secure the funding required.
  B. You recommend that since the CEO has stated that the company must pivot, it is better to compromise on a full product range rather than time-to-market. You would develop just enough of the Target Architecture to demonstrate fitness of the proposed approach. You would limit the descriptionto just where there is a gap between the current baseline. You would seek approval by the stakeholders to move forward with developing the Target Architecture in detail.
  C. You would use the Architecture Vision, Principles, and Requirements to define a set of criteria for alternatives and create a set of architecture views to illustrate the impact of the alternative Target Architectures. You would identify the impact on planned projects. You would understand the strengths and weaknesses of the alternatives. You would conduct a formal stakeholder review to decide which alternative to move forward with. You will determine the funding required.
  D. You would review the Stakeholder Map and ensure that you have addressed and represented the concerns of all department heads. You will involve them in resolving the incompatibilities. The Communications Plan should include a report that summarizes the key features of the architecture with and how incompatibilities were resolved to reflects the stakeholders' requirements. You will check with each key stakeholder they are satisfied with how the incompatibilities have been resolved.
  C. You would use the Architecture Vision, Principles, and Requirements to define a set of criteria for alternatives and create a set of architecture views to illustrate the impact of the alternative Target Architectures. You would identify the impact on planned projects. You would understand the strengths and weaknesses of the alternatives. You would conduct a formal stakeholder review to decide which alternative to move forward with. You will determine the funding required.

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  Explanation

  According to the TOGAF standard, the Target Architecture is the description of a future state of the architecture being developed for an organization. It should be aligned with the Architecture Vision, Principles, and Requirements that have been agreed with the stakeholders. To address the incompatibilities between key stakeholder preferences, the TOGAF standard recommends creating and evaluating multiple alternative Target Architectures that meet different sets of criteria. These criteria should reflect the value preferences and priorities of the stakeholders, as well as the business drivers and objectives. The alternative Target Architectures should be illustrated using a set of architecture views that show the impact of each alternative on the business, data, application, and technology domains. The impact on planned projects should also be identified and analyzed. The strengths and weaknesses of each alternative should be understood and documented. A formal stakeholder review should then be conducted to decide which alternative is the most fit for purpose and should be moved forward with. The funding required for implementing the chosen alternative should also be determined and secured.

  References: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Phase B: Business Architecture - The Open Group The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Phase C: Information Systems Architectures - The Open Group [The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Phase D: Technology Architecture - The Open Group] [The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions - The Open Group] [The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Phase F: Migration Planning - The Open Group]

• Question 76:

  Which TOGAF concept describes a formal agreement between development partners to ensure deliverables meet agreed standards?

  A. Architecture Requirements Specification
  B. Architecture Vision
  C. Architecture Contract
  D. Request for Architecture Work
  C. Architecture Contract

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  Explanation

• Question 77:

  Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Architecture Roadmap?

  A. It provides for effective communication of the end architecture project to the stakeholders
  B. It is sent from the sponsor and triggers the start of an architecture development cycle
  C. It forms the basis of a contractual agreement between the sponsor and the architecture organization
  D. It lists work packages on a timeline showing progress towards the Target Architecture
  D. It lists work packages on a timeline showing progress towards the Target Architecture

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  Explanation

  The purpose of the Architecture Roadmap is to provide a high-level view of how the Baseline Architecture will transition to the Target Architecture over time. It lists work packages on a timeline showing progress towards the Target Architecture, as well as dependencies, risks, and benefits. The Architecture Roadmap forms part of the Implementation and Migration Plan and guides the execution of the architecture projects.

  References: https://pubs.opengroup.org/ architecture/togaf9-doc/arch/chap20.html

• Question 78:

  Which section of the TOGAF template for Architecture Principles should describe the relationship to other principles?

  A. Name
  B. Rationale
  C. Statement
  D. Implications
  B. Rationale

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  Explanation

  According to the TOGAF template for Architecture Principles, the Rationale section should describe the relationship to other principles, as well as the business benefits and the intentions of adhering to the principle. The Rationale section should use business terminology and point to the similarity of information and technology principles to the principles governing business operations. The Rationale section should also explain how the principle supports the achievement of the business objectives and key architecture drivers.

  References: Architecture Principles Template The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Principles The Open Group Exam OGEA-103 Topic 1

• Question 79:

  What is defined as the effect of uncertainty on objectives?

  A. Vulnerability
  B. Risk
  C. Continuity
  D. Threat
  B. Risk

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  Explanation

  Risk is defined as the effect of uncertainty on objectives, according to the ISO 31000 standard, which provides principles and guidelines for risk management1 Risk can be positive or negative, depending on whether the uncertainty affects the achievement or the failure of the objectives. Risk can also be expressed in terms of likelihood and impact, which indicate the probability and the consequence of the risk occurrence. Risk management is the coordinated activities to direct and control an organization with regard to risk. Risk management is an integral part of the TOGAF standard, as it helps to identify, assess, and treat the risks that may affect the architecture development and implementation2

  References: 1: ISO 31000:2018, Risk management -- Guidelines, Clause 3.1 2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 32: Risk Management

• Question 80:

  Complete the sentence Business Transformation Readiness Assessment is_________________.

  A. a joint effort between corporate staff lines of business and IT planners
  B. to ensure the active support of powerful stakeholders
  C. a way to put building blocks into context thereby supporting re-usable solutions
  D. widely used to validate an architecture that is being developed
  A. a joint effort between corporate staff lines of business and IT planners

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  Explanation

  Business Transformation Readiness Assessment is a joint effort between corporate staff lines of business and IT planners to evaluate the readiness of the organization to undergo change. It involves assessing factors such as vision, commitment, capacity, capability, culture, and motivation that may influence the success of a business transformation initiative.

  The TOGAF?Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.2 Business Transformation Readiness Assessment.