NCLEX NCLEX-RN Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

NCLEX NCLEX-RN Online Questions & Answers

• Question 681:

  When teaching a mother of a 4-month-old with diarrhea about the importance of preventing dehydration, the nurse would inform the mother about the importance of feeding her child:

  A. Fruit juices
  B. Diluted carbonated drinks
  C. Soy-based, lactose-free formula
  D. Regular formulas mixed with electrolyte solutions
  C. Soy-based, lactose-free formula

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  (A) Diluted fruit juices are not recommended for rehydration because they tend to aggravate the diarrhea. (B) Diluted soft drinks have a high-carbohydrate content, which aggravates the diarrhea. (C) Soy-based, lactose-free formula reduces stool output and duration of diarrhea in most infants. (D) Regular formulas contain lactose, which can increase diarrhea.

• Question 682:

  A client diagnosed with bipolar disorder continues to be hyperactive and to lose weight. Which of the following nutritional interventions would be most therapeutic for him at this time?

  A. Small, frequent feedings of foods that can be carried
  B. Tube feedings with nutritional supplements
  C. Allowing him to eat when and what he wants
  D. Giving him a quiet place where he can sit down to eat meals
  A. Small, frequent feedings of foods that can be carried

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  (A) The manic client is unable to sit still long enough to eat an adequate meal. Small, frequent feedings with finger foods allow him to eat during periods of activity. (B) This type of therapy should be implemented when other methods have been exhausted. (C) The manic client should not be in control of his treatment plan. This type of client may forget to eat. (D) The manic client is unable to sit down to eat full meals.

• Question 683:

  A client with emphysema is placed on diuretics. In order to avoid potassium depletion as a side effect of the drug therapy, which of the following foods should be included in his diet?

  A. Celery
  B. Potatoes
  C. Tomatoes
  D. Liver
  B. Potatoes

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  (A) Celery is high in sodium. (B) Potatoes are high in potassium. (C) Tomatoes are high in sodium. (D) Liver is high in iron.

• Question 684:

  A male client has been hospitalized with congestive heart failure. Medical management of heart failure focuses on improving myocardial contractility. This can be achieved by administering:

  A. Digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg po every day
  B. Furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg po every morning
  C. O22 L/min via nasal cannula
  D. Nitroglycerin (Nitrol) 1 inch topically every 4 hours
  A. Digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg po every day

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  (A) Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside given to clients in heart failure to improve their myocardial contractility. (B) Furosemide is a loop diuretic given to clients in heart failure to promote diuresis. (C) O2is given to clients in heart failure to increase oxygenation and to prevent or treat hypoxemia. (D) Nitroglycerin is a nitrate given to clients in heart failure to increase their cardiac output by decreasing the peripheral resistance that the left ventricle must pump against.

• Question 685:

  A client has ascites, which is caused by:

  A. Decreased plasma proteins
  B. Electrolyte imbalance
  C. Decreased renal function
  D. Portal hypertension
  A. Decreased plasma proteins

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  (A) A decrease in plasma proteins causes a decrease in intravascular osmotic pressure resulting in leakage of fluid into peritoneal cavity. (B) Fluid and electrolyte imbalance may occur as a result of the ascites. (C) Ascites is a result of hepatic malfunction, not renal malfunction. (D) Portal hypertension causes esophageal varices, not ascites.

• Question 686:

  MgSO4 blood levels are monitored and the nurse would be prepared to administer the following antidote for MgSO4 side effects or toxicity:

  A. Magnesium oxide
  B. Calcium hydroxide
  C. Calcium gluconate
  D. Naloxone (Narcan)
  C. Calcium gluconate

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  (A, B) These drugs are not antidotes for MgSO4. (C) This drug is the standard antidote and should always be readily available when MgSO4is being administered. (D) This drug is an antidote for narcotics, not MgSO4.

• Question 687:

  When evaluating a client with symptoms of shock, it is important for the nurse to differentiate between neurogenic and hypovolemic shock. The symptoms of neurogenic shock differ from hypovolemic shock in that:

  A. In neurogenic shock, the skin is warm and dry
  B. In hypovolemic shock, there is a bradycardia
  C. In hypovolemic shock, capillary refill is less than 2 seconds
  D. In neurogenic shock, there is delayed capillary refill
  A. In neurogenic shock, the skin is warm and dry

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  (A) Neurogenic shock is caused by injury to the cervical region, which leads to loss of sympathetic control. This loss leads to vasodilation of the vascular beds, bradycardia resulting from the lack of sympathetic balance to parasympathetic stimuli from the vagus nerve, and the loss of the ability to sweat below the level of injury. In neurogenic shock, the client is hypotensive but bradycardiac with warm, dry skin. (B) In hypovolemic shock, the client ishypotensive and tachycardiac with cool skin. (C) In hypovolemic shock, the capillary refill would be>5 seconds. (D) In neurogenic shock, there is no capillary delay, the vascular beds are dilated, and peripheral flow is good.

• Question 688:

  A physician's order reads: Administer KCl 10% oral solution 1.5 mL. The KCl bottle reads 20 mEq/15 mL.

  What dosage should the nurse administer to the infant?

  A. 1 mEq
  B. 1.13 mEq
  C. 2 mEq
  D. Not enough information to calculate
  C. 2 mEq

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  (A) This answer is a miscalculation. (B) This answer is a miscalculation. (C) 1.33 mEq = 1 mL, then 1.5 mL X=1.99, or 2 mEq. (D) Information is adequate for calculation.

• Question 689:

  The physician has ordered that ampicillin 250 mg IV be given over 30 minutes. The medication is diluted as recommended in 10 mL in the volume control chamber of a set that has a tubing of 12 mL. Which nursing measure is most accurate considering these facts?

  A. Infuse volume at 44 mL/hr.
  B. Infuse volume at 22 mL/hr.
  C. Infuse volume at 10 mL/hr.
  D. Infuse volume at 30 mL/hr.
  A. Infuse volume at 44 mL/hr.

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  (A) The volume to be infused should be diluted medication volume added to the volume control chamber (10 mL) plus the tubing volume (12 mL). The general formula for calculating IV medications for children is: Rate = Volume to Be Infused

  X Administration Set Drop Factor (microdrop: 60 gtts/min)Desired Time to Infuse in Minutes Rate = (10 +

  12)22 X 60 30 = 44 mL/hr. (B, C, D) These values are incorrect.

• Question 690:

  A female baby was born with talipes equinovarus. Her mother has requested that the nurse assigned to the baby come to her room to discuss the baby's condition. The nurse knows that the pediatrician has discussed the baby's condition with her mother and that an orthopedist has been consulted but has not yet seen the baby. What should the nurse do first?

  A. Call the orthopedist and request that he come to see the baby now.
  B. Question the mother and find out what the pediatrician has told her about the baby's condition.
  C. Tell the mother that this is not a serious condition.
  D. Tell the mother that this condition has been successfully treated with exercises, casts, and/or braces.
  B. Question the mother and find out what the pediatrician has told her about the baby's condition.

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  (A) The nurse should call the orthopedist after assessing the mother's knowledge. (B) The nurse must first assess the knowledge of the parent before attempting any explanation. (C) The nurse should assess the mother's knowledge of the baby's condition as the first priority. (D) This answer is correct, but the priority is B.