NABP NABP Certifications NAPLEX Questions & Answers

• Question 21:

  Diabetic ketoacidosis, a potential complication of type 2 diabetes, is most associated which of the following antidiabetic drug classes?

  A. DPP-4 inhibitors

  B. SGLT-2 inhibitors

  C. Sulfonylureas

  D. Biguanides

  E. Thiazolidinediones

  Correct Answer: B

  SGLT-2 inhibitors have a black box warning for diabetic ketoacidosis, which manifests as euglycemic and makes it relatively difficult to detect without monitoring. The complex physiology by which this occurs is not clearly understood. On the other end, they have been shown to reduce major cardiovascular events (MACE) in persons with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease.

• Question 22:

  A fasting blood glucose level greater than what value is an indicator of type 2 diabetes?

  A. 5 mmol/L

  B. 6 mmol/L

  C. 7 mmol/L

  D. 8 mmol/L

  E. 9 mmol/L

  Correct Answer: C

  A fasting blood glucose level of greater than 7 mmol/L (or greater than 126mg/dL) is an indicator of type 2 diabetes.

• Question 23:

  Pyridoxine is often used in pregnancy to manage which of the following conditions?

  A. Hot flushes

  B. Diarrhea

  C. Nausea / vomiting

  D. Mood disturbances

  E. Insomnia

  Correct Answer: C

  Pyridoxine is combined with doxylamine to treat morning sickness in pregnant women.

• Question 24:

  Which of these cardiovascular drug classes is most associated with tachyphylaxis?

  A. ACE inhibitors

  B. Angiotensin-receptor blockers

  C. Direct renin inhibitors

  D. Calcium channel blockers

  E. Nitrates

  Correct Answer: E

  Tachyphylaxis is the phenomenon where a patient experiences a rapid form of drug tolerance. Nitrates exhibit this property. It means that the patient becomes tolerance very quickly and so repeat doses become more and more ineffective. To overcome the problem of tachyphyaxis, then, sufficient time must elapse between doses.

• Question 25:

  What is the standard loading dose for clopidogrel in the treatment of ACS?

  A. 75mg

  B. 100mg

  C. 150mg

  D. 200mg

  E. 300mg

  Correct Answer: E

  300mg is the standard loading dose of clopidogrel ?an antiplatelet drug ?in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

• Question 26:

  Aluminum levels may rise to toxic levels in patients with renal failure if administered with which of these medicines?

  A. Sucralfate

  B. Bismuth subgallate

  C. Docusate sodium

  D. Lactulose

  E. Alginates

  Correct Answer: A

  Sucralfate is a drug used to treat active duodenal ulcers and may also be used to treat GERD or stress ulcers.

• Question 27:

  How does pregabalin work in the treatment of seizures?

  A. Sodium channel blocker

  B. 2 ligand

  C. AMPA receptor antagonist

  D. GABA agonist

  E. SV2A binder

  Correct Answer: B

  Pregabalin works as a ligand of the auxiliary 2 subunit site of certain voltage-dependent calcium channels

  (VDCCs), and thereby acts as an inhibitor of 2 subunit-containing VDCCs.

• Question 28:

  Which of these ranges reflects normal serum creatinine levels?

  A. 0.2 - 0.5 mg/dL

  B. 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL

  C. 1.5 - 2.0 mg/dL

  D. 2.4 - 3.2 mg/dL

  E. 3.5 - 5.0 mg/dL

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 29:

  Which of these drugs is used to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy?

  A. Metformin

  B. Activated charcoal

  C. N-acetylcysteine

  D. Spironolactone

  E. Mannitol

  Correct Answer: C

  N-acetylcysteine can be used to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy. Whilst evidence is not overwhelming for use in favor, it does appear to have a clinical impact. N-acetylcysteine is typically given the day before treatment and the day when treatment commences. Other means to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy include adequate hydration, while some studied recommend ascorbic acid.

• Question 30:

  Which of these drugs is used to promote fetal lung maturation?

  A. Dexamethasone

  B. Nifedipine

  C. Misoprostol

  D. Methotrexate

  E. Prednisolone

  Correct Answer: A

  Dexamethasone is used to promote fetal lung maturation. This may be necessary in cases of women who need to deliver prematurely. A tocolytic drug, such as nifedipine, may be used to suppress labor whilst dexamethasone works to accelerate fetal lung development.