Health Educational Systems HESI Online Practice Questions and Exam Preparation

Health Educational Systems HESI Online Questions & Answers

• Question 611:

  DNA and RNA contain many of the same nitrogen-containing bases.

  Which base is only found in RNA?

  A. uracil
  B. guanine
  C. adenine
  D. cytosine
  A. uracil

• Question 612:

  What is (9 + 4) + (13 + 2)?

  A. 28
  B. 20
  C. 14
  D. 9
  A. 28

• Question 613:

  Reading Material

  (1)

  The study, published today in Nature Microbiology, holds promise for a new treatment method against antibiotic-resistant bacteria (commonly known as superbugs). (2) The star-shaped structures are short chains of proteins called `peptide polymers', and were created by a team from the Melbourne School of Engineering.

  (3)

  The team included Professor Greg Qiao and PhD candidate Shu Lam, from the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, as well as Associate Professor Neil O'Brien-Simpson and Professor Eric Reynolds from the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences and Bio21 Institute.

  (4)

  Professor Qiao said that currently the only treatment for infections caused by bacteria is antibiotics. (5) However, over time bacteria mutate to protect themselves against antibiotics, making treatment no longer effective. (6) These mutated bacteria are known as `superbugs'.

  (7)

  "It is estimated that the rise of superbugs will cause up to ten million deaths a year by 2050. (8) In addition, there have only been one or two new antibiotics developed in the last 30 years," he said.

  (9)

  Professor Qiao and his team have been working with peptide polymers in the past few years. (10) Recently, the team created a star-shaped peptide polymer that was extremely effective at killing Gram-negative bacteria - a major class of bacteria known to be highly prone to antibiotic resistance - while being non-toxic to the body.

  (11)

  In fact, tests undertaken on red blood cells showed that the star-shaped polymer dosage rate would need to be increased by a factor of greater than 100 to become toxic.

  (12)

  The star-shaped peptide polymer is also effective in killing superbugs when tested in animal models. (13) Furthermore, superbugs showed no signs of resistance against these peptide polymers.

  (14)

  The team discovered that their star-shaped peptide polymers can kill bacteria with multiple pathways, unlike most antibiotics which kill with a single pathway.

  (15)

  They believe that this accounts for the superior performance of the star-shaped peptide polymers over antibiotics. (16) One of these pathways includes `ripping apart' the bacteria cell wall.

  (17)

  While more research is needed, Professor Qiao and his team believe that their discovery is the beginning of unlocking a new treatment for antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Which of these statements cannot be inferred from the passage?

  A. The polymers seem to be effective in killing the bacteria because they kill with multiple pathways as opposed to antibiotics' one pathway.
  B. If we do not develop some kind of treatment, the death rate from superbugs will continue to rise.
  C. Scientists need to continue to study the polymers' effectiveness against superbugs.
  D. These new polymers are completely safe to use in humans and will defend against all antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
  D. These new polymers are completely safe to use in humans and will defend against all antibiotic-resistant pathogens.

• Question 614:

  

  In terms of its tone and form, the passage is most appropriately described as

  A. an impassioned polemic
  B. an indignant protest
  C. a reasoned appeal
  D. a detached summary
  C. a reasoned appeal

• Question 615:

  Select the correct word(s) for the blank in the following sentence.

  She chose ___________ blue and purple for her nail color.

  A. among
  B. through
  C. between
  D. of
  C. between

• Question 616:

  Which of the following is a correct description of metaphase during mitosis?

  A. The nuclear envelope disappears and the chromosomes begin to attach to the spindle that forms along the axis of the cell.
  B. Chromosomes gather on either side of the now separating cell.
  C. Chromosomes start to separate.
  D. Chromosomes align along the center of the cell.
  D. Chromosomes align along the center of the cell.

• Question 617:

  

  Which claim from the passage best describes the benefits of nanotechnology?

  A. Scientists can develop novel technologies and products.
  B. Nanotechnology is defined as the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers.
  C. The different colors can be used in simple medical tests to indicate infection or disease.
  D. Unique properties of materials emerge.
  A. Scientists can develop novel technologies and products.

• Question 618:

  Select the best word for the blank in the following sentence.

  She was _____ exhausted than her sister after they ran the marathon.

  A. most
  B. more
  C. increasingly
  D. the more
  B. more

• Question 619:

  What is the best definition of the word dichotomy?

  A. achievement
  B. trepidation
  C. division
  D. truncation
  C. division

• Question 620:

  The movement of a substance across a cell membrane from low to high concentration is known as ____.

  A. active transport
  B. passive transport
  C. facilitated diffusion
  D. diffusion
  A. active transport