Which of the following became a foundation for privacy principles and practices of countries and organizations across the globe?
A. The Personal Data Ordinance.
B. The EU Data Protection Directive.
C. The Code of Fair Information Practices.
D. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Privacy Principles.
SCENARIO
You have just been hired by Ancillary.com, a seller of accessories for everything under the sun, including waterproof stickers for pool floats and decorative bands and cases for sunglasses. The company sells cell phone cases, e-cigarette
cases, wine spouts, hanging air fresheners for homes and automobiles, book ends, kitchen implements, visors and shields for computer screens, passport holders, gardening tools and lawn ornaments, and catalogs full of health and beauty
products. The list seems endless. As the CEO likes to say, Ancillary offers, without doubt, the widest assortment of low-price consumer products from a single company anywhere.
Ancillary's operations are similarly diverse. The company originated with a team of sales consultants selling home and beauty products at small parties in the homes of customers, and this base business is still thriving. However, the company
now sells online through retail sites designated for industries and demographics, sites such as "My Cool Ride" for automobile-related products or "Zoomer" for gear aimed toward young adults. The company organization includes a plethora of
divisions, units and outrigger operations, as Ancillary has been built along a decentered model rewarding individual initiative and flexibility, while also acquiring key assets. The retail sites seem to all function differently, and you wonder about
their compliance with regulations and industry standards. Providing tech support to these sites is also a challenge, partly due to a variety of logins and authentication protocols.
You have been asked to lead three important new projects at Ancillary:
The first is the personal data management and security component of a multi-faceted initiative to unify the company's culture. For this project, you are considering using a series of third- party servers to provide company data and approved
applications to employees.
The second project involves providing point of sales technology for the home sales force, allowing them to move beyond paper checks and manual credit card imprinting.
Finally, you are charged with developing privacy protections for a single web store housing all the company's product lines as well as products from affiliates. This new omnibus site will be known, aptly, as "Under the Sun." The Director of
Marketing wants the site not only to sell Ancillary's products, but to link to additional products from other retailers through paid advertisements. You need to brief the executive team of security concerns posed by this approach.
What technology is under consideration in the first project in this scenario?
A. Server driven controls.
B. Cloud computing
C. Data on demand
D. MAC filtering
To meet data protection and privacy legal requirements that may require personal data to be disposed of or deleted when no longer necessary for the use it was collected, what is the best privacy-enhancing solution a privacy technologist should recommend be implemented in application design to meet this requirement?
A. Implement a process to delete personal data on demand and maintain records on deletion requests.
B. Implement automated deletion of off-site backup of personal data based on annual risk assessments.
C. Develop application logic to validate and purge personal data according to legal hold status or retention schedule.
D. Securely archive personal data not accessed or used in the last 6 months. Automate a quarterly review to delete data from archive once no longer needed.
Machine-learning based solutions present a privacy risk because?
A. Training data used during the training phase is compromised.
B. The solution may contain inherent bias from the developers.
C. The decision-making process used by the solution is not documented.
D. Machine-learning solutions introduce more vulnerabilities than other software.
Which of the following is the least effective privacy preserving practice in the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
A. Conducting privacy threat modeling for the use-case.
B. Following secure and privacy coding standards in the development.
C. Developing data flow modeling to identify sources and destinations of sensitive data.
D. Reviewing the code against Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) Top 10 Security Risks.
What is the main benefit of using dummy data during software testing?
A. The data comes in a format convenient for testing.
B. Statistical disclosure controls are applied to the data.
C. The data enables the suppression of particular values in a set.
D. Developers do not need special privacy training to test the software.
A valid argument against data minimization is that it?
A. Can limit business opportunities.
B. Decreases the speed of data transfers.
C. Can have an adverse effect on data quality.
D. Increases the chance that someone can be identified from data.
A company seeking to hire engineers in Silicon Valley ran an ad campaign targeting women in a specific age range who live in the San Francisco Bay Area. Which Calo objective privacy harm is likely to result from this campaign?
A. Lost opportunity.
B. Economic loss.
C. Loss of liberty.
D. Social detriment.
SCENARIO
Carol was a U.S.-based glassmaker who sold her work at art festivals. She kept things simple by only accepting cash and personal checks. As business grew, Carol couldn't keep up with demand, and traveling to festivals became burdensome. Carol opened a small boutique and hired Sam to run it while she worked in the studio. Sam was a natural salesperson, and business doubled. Carol told Sam, "I don't know what you are doing, but keep doing it!"
But months later, the gift shop was in chaos. Carol realized that Sam needed help so she hired Jane, who had business expertise and could handle the back-office tasks. Sam would continue to focus on sales. Carol gave Jane a few weeks to get acquainted with the artisan craft business, and then scheduled a meeting for the three of them to discuss Jane's first impressions.
At the meeting, Carol could not wait to hear Jane's thoughts, but she was unprepared for what Jane had to say. "Carol, I know that he doesn't realize it, but some of Sam's efforts to increase sales have put you in a vulnerable position. You are not protecting customers' personal information like you should."
Sam said, "I am protecting our information. I keep it in the safe with our bank deposit. It's only a list of customers' names, addresses and phone numbers that I get from their checks before I deposit them. I contact them when you finish a piece that I think they would like. That's the only information I have! The only other thing I do is post photos and information about your work on the photo sharing site that I use with family and friends. I provide my email address and people send me their information if they want to see more of your work. Posting online really helps sales, Carol. In fact, the only complaint I hear is about having to come into the shop to make a purchase."
Carol replied, "Jane, that doesn't sound so bad. Could you just fix things and help us to post even more online?"
`I can," said Jane. "But it's not quite that simple. I need to set up a new program to make sure that we follow the best practices in data management. And I am concerned for our customers. They should be able to manage how we use their personal information. We also should develop a social media strategy."
Sam and Jane worked hard during the following year. One of the decisions they made was to contract with an outside vendor to manage online sales. At the end of the year, Carol shared some exciting news. "Sam and Jane, you have done such a great job that one of the biggest names in the glass business wants to buy us out! And Jane, they want to talk to you about merging all of our customer and vendor information with theirs beforehand."
What type of principles would be the best guide for Jane's ideas regarding a new data management program?
A. Collection limitation principles.
B. Vendor management principles.
C. Incident preparedness principles.
D. Fair Information Practice Principles
To comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), public companies in the United States are required to annually report on the effectiveness of the auditing controls of their financial reporting systems. These controls must be implemented to prevent unauthorized use, disclosure, modification, and damage or loss of financial data.
Why do these controls ensure both the privacy and security of data?
A. Modification of data is an aspect of privacy; unauthorized use, disclosure, and damage or loss of data are aspects of security.
B. Unauthorized use of data is an aspect of privacy; disclosure, modification, and damage or loss of data are aspects of security.
C. Disclosure of data is an aspect of privacy; unauthorized use, modification, and damage or loss of data are aspects of security.
D. Damage or loss of data are aspects of privacy; disclosure, unauthorized use, and modification of data are aspects of privacy.
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