CIPP-E Exam Details

  • Exam Code
    :CIPP-E
  • Exam Name
    :Certified Information Privacy Professional/Europe (CIPP/E)
  • Certification
    :IAPP Certifications
  • Vendor
    :IAPP
  • Total Questions
    :307 Q&As
  • Last Updated
    :May 23, 2026

IAPP CIPP-E Online Questions & Answers

  • Question 81:

    SCENARIO Please use the following to answer the next question: The fitness company Vigotron has recently developed a new app called M-Health, which it wants to market on its website as a free download. Vigotron's marketing manager asks his assistant Emily to create a webpage that describes the app

    and specifies the terms of use. Emily, who is new at Vigotron, is excited about this task. At her previous job she took a data protection class, and though the details are a little hazy, she recognizes that Vigotron is going to need to obtain user

    consent for use of the app in some cases. Emily sketches out the following draft, trying to cover as much as possible before sending it to Vigotron's legal department.

    Registration Form

    Vigotron's new M-Health app makes it easy for you to monitor a variety of health-related activities, including diet, exercise, and sleep patterns. M-Health relies on your smartphone settings (along with other third-party apps you may already

    have) to collect data about all of these important lifestyle elements, and provide the information necessary for you to enrich your quality of life. (Please click here to read a full description of the services that M-Health provides.)

    Vigotron values your privacy. The M-Heaith app allows you to decide which information is stored in it, and which apps can access your data. When your device is locked with a passcode, all of your health and fitness data is encrypted with

    your passcode. You can back up data stored in the Health app to Vigotron's cloud provider, Stratculous. (Read more about Stratculous here.)

    Vigotron will never trade, rent or sell personal information gathered from the M-Health app. Furthermore, we will not provide a customer's name, email address or any other information gathered from the app to any third-party without a

    customer's consent, unless ordered by a court, directed by a subpoena, or to enforce the manufacturer's legal rights or protect its business or property.

    We are happy to offer the M-Health app free of charge. If you want to download and use it, we ask that you

    first complete this registration form. (Please note that use of the M-Health app is restricted to adults aged 16 or older, unless parental consent has been given to minors intending to use it.)

    First name:

    Surname:

    Year of birth:

    Email:

    Physical Address (optional*):

    Health status:

    *If you are interested in receiving newsletters about our products and services that we think may be of interest to you, please include your physical address. If you decide later that you do not wish to receive these newsletters, you can

    unsubscribe by sending an email to [email protected] or send a letter with your request to the address listed at the bottom of this page.

    Terms and Conditions

    1.Jurisdiction. [...]

    2.Applicable law. [...]

    3.Limitation of liability. [...]

    Consent

    By completing this registration form, you attest that you are at least 16 years of age, and that you consent to the processing of your personal data by Vigotron for the purpose of using the M-Health app. Although you are entitled to opt out of

    any advertising or marketing, you agree that Vigotron may contact you or provide you with any required notices, agreements, or other information concerning the services by email or other electronic means. You also agree that the Company

    may send automated emails with alerts regarding any problems with the M-Health app that may affect your well being.

    What is one potential problem Vigotron's age policy might encounter under the GDPR?

    A. Age restrictions are more stringent when health data is involved.
    B. Users are only required to be aged 13 or over to be considered adults.
    C. Organizations must make reasonable efforts to verify parental consent.
    D. Organizations that tie a service to marketing must seek consent for each purpose.

  • Question 82:

    A mobile device application that uses cookies will be subject to the consent requirement of which of the following?

    A. The ePrivacy Directive
    B. The E-Commerce Directive
    C. The Data Retention Directive
    D. The EU Cybersecurity Directive

  • Question 83:

    A company would like to implement CCTV monitoring in its offices for safety and security purposes. Which of the following would be the best legal basis for the company to rely upon?

    A. Public interest.
    B. Individual consent
    C. Legitimate interest.
    D. Exercise of pubic authority.

  • Question 84:

    Which of the following would NOT be relevant when determining if a processing activity would be considered profiling?

    A. If the processing is to be performed by a third-party vendor
    B. If the processing involves data that is considered personal data
    C. If the processing of the data is done through automated means
    D. If the processing is used to predict the behavior of data subjects

  • Question 85:

    According to the GDPR, what is the main task of a Data Protection Officer (DPO)?

    A. To create and maintain records of processing activities.
    B. To conduct Privacy Impact Assessments on behalf of the controller or processor.
    C. To monitor compliance with other local or European data protection provisions.
    D. To create procedures for notification of personal data breaches to competent supervisory authorities.

  • Question 86:

    SCENARIO

    Please use the following to answer the next question:

    Due to rapidly expanding workforce, Company A has decided to outsource its payroll function to Company B. Company B is an established payroll service provider with a sizable client base and a solid reputation in the industry.

    Company B's payroll solution for Company A relies on the collection of time and attendance data obtained via a biometric entry system installed in each of Company A's factories. Company B won't hold any biometric data itself, but the related data will be uploaded to Company B's UK servers and used to provide the payroll service. Company B's live systems will contain the following information for each of Company A's employees:

    Name Address Date of Birth Payroll number National Insurance number Sick pay entitlement Maternity/paternity pay entitlement Holiday entitlement Pension and benefits contributions Trade union contributions

    Jenny is the compliance officer at Company A. She first considers whether Company A needs to carry out a data protection impact assessment in relation to the new time and attendance system, but isn't sure whether or not this is required.

    Jenny does know, however, that under the GDPR there must be a formal written agreement requiring Company B to use the time and attendance data only for the purpose of providing the payroll service, and to apply appropriate technical andorganizational security measures for safeguarding the data. Jenny suggests that Company B obtain advice from its data protection officer. The company doesn't have a DPO but agrees, in the interest of finalizing the contract, to sign up for the provisions in full. Company A enters into the contract.

    Weeks later, while still under contract with Company A, Company B embarks upon a separate project meant to enhance the functionality of its payroll service, and engages Company C to help. Company C agrees to extract all personal data from Company B's live systems in order to create a new database for Company B. This database will be stored in a test environment hosted on Company C's U.S. server. The two companies agree not to include any data processing provisions in their services agreement, as data is only being used for IT testing purposes.

    Unfortunately, Company C's U.S. server is only protected by an outdated IT security system, and suffers a cyber security incident soon after Company C begins work on the project. As a result, data relating to Company A's employees is visible to anyone visiting Company C's website. Company A is unaware of this until Jenny receives a letter from the supervisory authority in connection with the investigation that ensues. As soon as Jenny is made aware of the breach, she notifies all affected employees.

    The GDPR requires sufficient guarantees of a company's ability to implement adequate technical and organizational measures. What would be the most realistic way that Company B could have fulfilled this requirement?

    A. Hiring companies whose measures are consistent with recommendations of accrediting bodies.
    B. Requesting advice and technical support from Company A's IT team.
    C. Avoiding the use of another company's data to improve their own services.
    D. Vetting companies' measures with the appropriate supervisory authority.

  • Question 87:

    The EDPB's Guidelines 8/2020 on the Targeting of Social Media Users stipulates that in order to rely on legitimate interest as a legal basis to process personal data, three tests must be passed. Which of the following is NOT one of the three tests?

    A. Purpose test.
    B. Necessity test.
    C. Balancing test.
    D. Adequacy test.

  • Question 88:

    SCENARIO

    Please use the following to answer the next question:

    CreditPlaya, SA is an established Spanish online insurance company whose exclusive activity is providing health insurance for legal residents of Spain, regardless of their nationality.

    CreditPlaya autonomously manages its own website, through which a potential customer, engaging in a free pre-contractual activity, enters his or her full name, e-mail address, tax identification number (to verify residence in Spain), age,

    profession, and the full names of any other adult members of his or her family.

    With this data, CreditPlaya immediately sends an email granting or denying eligibility for a health insurance policy. In the case of eligibility, the email also contains the eventual cost of the policy and two PDF documents – one with the contractual Terms and Conditions, and the other with the privacy notice as required by Article 13 of the GDPR. The CreditPlaya Information Tracking System (ITS) is very efficient, with a low rate of unpaid insurance policies. The ITS is automatically fed by the information provided by every applicant, whose data is then used to refine insurance policy

    rates.

    To ensure their back-up procedures, in January 2021 CreditPlaya started sending weekly copies of the whole database with all the applicants' personal data to an independent company in Uruguay. The information was sent through state-ofthe-art encrypting tools, but once in Uruguay was stored without any encryption method. In March 2022, the entire data base stored on the Uruguay's company servers was encrypted by malicious ransomware. There was no evidence that the data was accessed by unauthorized persons, much less altered or exfiltrated. Despite

    the incident, CreditPlaya found that they could rely on the locally based Spanish back-up information and carry on its activity without interrupting its operations. The incident caused the termination of the professional relationship between the two companies.

    The privacy notice provided by CreditPlaya contravenes Article 13 of the GDPR because?

    A. The document is delivered after the personal data has been obtained.
    B. The document is separated from the document listing Terms and Conditions.
    C. The document is not written in the language of the average prospective customer.
    D. The document fails to mention the applicable security measures for the processing.

  • Question 89:

    There are three domains of security covered by Article 32 of the GDPR that apply to both the controller and the processor. These include all of the following EXCEPT?

    A. Consent management and withdrawal.
    B. Incident detection and response.
    C. Preventative security.
    D. Remedial security.

  • Question 90:

    SCENARIO

    Please use the following to answer the next question:

    Joe is the new privacy manager for Who-R-U, a Canadian business that provides DNA analysis. The company is headquartered in Montreal, and all of its employees are located there. The company offers its services to

    Canadians only: Its website is in English and French, it accepts only Canadian currency, and it blocks internet traffic from outside of Canada (although this solution doesn't prevent all non-Canadian traffic). It also declines to process orders

    that request the DNA report to be sent outside of Canada, and returns orders that show a non-Canadian return address.

    Bob, the President of Who-R-U, thinks there is a lot of interest for the product in the EU, and the company is exploring a number of plans to expand its customer base.

    The first plan, collegially called We-Track-U, will use an app to collect information about its current Canadian customer base. The expansion will allow its Canadian customers to use the app while traveling abroad. He suggests that the

    company use this app to gather location information. If the plan shows promise, Bob proposes to use push notifications and text messages to encourage existing customers to pre-register for an EU version of the service. Bob calls this work

    plan, We-Text-U. Once the company has gathered enough pre-registrations, it will develop EU-specific content and services.

    Another plan is called Customer for Life. The idea is to offer additional services through the company's app, like storage and sharing of DNA information with other applications and medical providers. The company's contract says that it can

    keep customer DNA indefinitely, and use it to offer new services and market them to customers. It also says that customers agree not to withdraw direct marketing consent. Paul, the marketing director, suggests that the company should fully

    exploit these provisions, and that it can work around customers' attempts to withdraw consent because the contract invalidates them.

    The final plan is to develop a brand presence in the EU. The company has already begun this process. It is in the process of purchasing the naming rights for a building in Germany, which would come with a few offices that Who-R-U

    executives can use while traveling internationally. The office doesn't include any technology or infrastructure; rather, it's simply a room with a desk and some chairs.

    On a recent trip concerning the naming-rights deal, Bob's laptop is stolen. The laptop held unencrypted DNA reports on 5,000 Who-R-U customers, all of whom are residents of Canada. The reports include customer name, birthdate, ethnicity,

    racial background, names of relatives, gender, and occasionally health information.

    If Who-R-U decides to track locations using its app, what must it do to comply with the GDPR?

    A. Get consent from the app users.
    B. Provide a transparent notice to users.
    C. Anonymize the data and add latency so it avoids disclosing real time locations.
    D. Obtain a court order because location data is a special category of personal data.

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