Which of the following is most likely the reason for inaccuracies?
A. A content management solution plug-in has been exploited. B. A search engine's bots are being blocked at the firewall. C. The relevant stylesheet has become corrupted. D. The WAF is configured to be in transparent mode.
A. A content management solution plug-in has been exploited. explanation:
The code indicates that a WordPress (CMS) plug-in has likely been exploited. The function get_hex_cache() combines obfuscated PHP code (hex2bin) with external file retrieval (inc.tmp). This is characteristic of malicious plug-in injections in content management systems such as WordPress, where attackers inject backdoors or malicious scripts through vulnerable plug-ins.
Option B (search engine bots blocked) and C (corrupted stylesheet) would not explain injected PHP logic.
Option D (WAF in transparent mode) reduces security controls but does not create malicious functions inside the CMS code.
The presence of obfuscated data in inc.tmp strongly suggests tampering. Exploited CMS plug-ins are a common initial access vector, often used to hide persistent malware or web shells.
This aligns with CAS-005 objectives on secure coding, monitoring for tampering, and conducting regular code reviews of third-party dependencies.
Question 2:
An organization would like to increase the effectiveness of its incident response process across its multiplatform environment. A security engineer needs to implement the improvements using the organization's existing incident response tools. Which of the following should the security engineer use?
A. Playbooks B. Event collectors C. Centralized logging D. Endpoint detection
A. Playbooks explanation:
The correct answer is Playbooks (A). In incident response, playbooks are structured workflows that define step-by-step actions for specific incident types (e.g., ransomware, phishing, insider threats). They allow SOC analysts to standardize responses across multiple platforms and tools, ensuring consistency and faster mitigation. By leveraging playbooks, organizations integrate existing incident response tools into automated or semi-automated processes, improving efficiency and reducing human error.
Option B (event collectors) consolidate logs but do not directly improve response processes.
Option C (centralized logging) enhances visibility but does not provide a framework for action.
Option D (endpoint detection) expands detection capabilities but does not enhance the process effectiveness of incident response.
CAS-005 emphasizes structured response through automation and orchestration. Playbooks, often implemented via SOAR platforms, allow integration of detection, triage, and remediation steps, making them the most effective way to increase incident response maturity.
Question 3:
Anorganization has noticed an increase in phishing campaigns utilizingtyposquatting. A security analyst needs to enrich the data for commonly used domains against the domains used in phishing campaigns. The analyst uses a log forwarder to forward network logs to the SIEM. Which of the following would allow the security analyst to perform this analysis?
A. Use acron jobto regularly update and compare domains. B. Create aparserthat matches domains. C. Develop aquerythat filters out all matching domain names. D. Implement adashboardon the SIEM that shows the percentage of traffic by domain.
D. Implement adashboardon the SIEM that shows the percentage of traffic by domain. explanation:
Enriching data to compare domains requires actionable visibility. Let's analyze:
A. Cron job:Automates updates but doesn't analyze in the SIEM.
B. Parser:Processes logs but doesn't provide comparison insights.
C. Filter query:Excludes matches, opposite of enrichment.
A company implements an Al model that handles sensitive and personally identifiable information. Which of the following threats is most likely the company's primary concern?
A. Unsecured output handling B. Model theft C. Model poisoning D. Prompt injection
A. Unsecured output handling explanation:
Question 5:
A cybersecurity architect seeks to improve vulnerability management and orchestrate a large number of vulnerability checks. Key constraints include:
1.
There are 512 containerized microservices.
2.
Vulnerability data is sourced from multiple scanners.
3.
CIS baselines must be enforced.
4.
Scan activity must be scheduled.
Which of the following automation workflows best meets this objective?
A. Employing an endpoint data collection system B. Deploying an XCCDF scanner C. Utilizing CVSS reports for SOC analysts D. Using a repository scanner to enforce laC security
B. Deploying an XCCDF scanner explanation:
Question 6:
A company is migrating from a Windows Server to Linux-based servers. A security engineer must deploy a configuration management solution that maintains security software across all the Linux servers. Which of the following configuration file snippets is the most appropriate to use?
A. --- - name: deployment hosts: linux_servers remote_user: root tasks: - name: Install security software ansible.builtin.apt: B. linux_servers Linux 3.1 true com.canonical.io C. {"name":"deployment", "hosts":"linux_servers", "remote_user":"Administrator", "tasks":{"name":" Install security software", "com.microsoft.store.latest"} } D. {"task":"install", "hosts":"linux_servers", "remote_user":"root", "se_linux":"false", "application":" AppX"}
The correct snippet is Option A, which shows an Ansible YAML playbook designed to deploy and maintain security software on Linux servers. Ansible is a configuration management tool widely used in enterprise environments, and the ansible.builtin.apt module specifically manages package installation on Debian/Ubuntu- based Linux distributions. This ensures consistent security software deployment across multiple servers.
Option B is XML-based and does not represent a valid configuration management script.
Option C incorrectly uses JSON format and references Microsoft's store (com.microsoft.store.latest), which is irrelevant for Linux.
Option D also uses JSON syntax with "AppX," which applies to Windows applications, not Linux.
CAS-005 emphasizes infrastructure as code (IaC) and automation as best practices for secure system configuration. YAML-based playbooks in Ansible provide repeatability, auditability, and scalability, making Option A the most secure and appropriate solution.
Question 7:
A security engineer reviews an after action report from a previous security breach and notes a long lag time between detection and containment of a compromised account. The engineer suggests using SOAR to address this concern. Which of the following best explains the engineer's goal?
A. To prevent accounts from being compromised B. To enable log correlation using machine learning C. To orchestrate additional reporting for the security operations center D. To prepare runbooks to automate future incident response
D. To prepare runbooks to automate future incident response explanation:
Question 8:
During an incident response activity, the response team collected some artifacts from a compromised server, but the following information is missing:
1.
Source of the malicious files
2.
Initial attack vector
3.
Lateral movement activities
The next step in the playbook is to reconstruct a timeline. Which of the following best supports this effort?
A. Executing decompilation of binary files B. Analyzing all network routes and connections C. Performing primary memory analysis D. Collecting operational system logs and storage disk data
D. Collecting operational system logs and storage disk data explanation:
Question 9:
A company has the following requirements for a cloud-based web application:
1.
Must authenticate customers
2.
Must prevent data exposure
3.
Must allow customer access to data throughout the cloud environment
4.
Must restrict access by specific regions
Which of the following solutions best addresses these security requirements?
A. Applying role-based access controls and configuring geolocation policies B. Replicating the data in each customer environment C. Hosting the data regionally and providing each customer with a unique link D. Moving to a cloud provider that operates only in one specific region
A. Applying role-based access controls and configuring geolocation policies explanation:
The best way to address these requirements is to apply Role-Based Access Controls (RBAC) combined with geolocation policies. RBAC ensures that customers are authenticated and authorized to access only the data they are entitled to, thereby minimizing data exposure risks. At the same time, geolocation policies enforce restrictions on which regions customers can access data from, helping with compliance requirements such as GDPR or regional sovereignty laws.
Option B (replicating data in each customer environment) is inefficient, expensive, and introduces additional risks related to data sprawl.
Option C (regional hosting with unique links) complicates access management and does not inherently prevent exposure or enforce strong authentication.
Option D (restricting to a single region provider) removes flexibility and may conflict with customer needs for global access.
Therefore, implementing RBAC along with geolocation controls provides fine-grained access management, ensures compliance, prevents unnecessary data exposure, and is scalable for a global cloud environment.
Question 10:
In order to follow new regulations, the Chief Information Security Officer plans to use a defense-in-depth approach for a perimeter network. Which of the following protections would best achieve this goal?
A. SAST, DAST, IAST B. NGFW, IPS, EDR C. SASE, IDS, SAST D. CASB, DLP, EDR
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