In fired heater tubes, dissimilar weld metal cracking forms primarily on the _______ of the material.
A. Outside
B. Inside
C. Welds
D. All of the above
Annealed steels are more resistant to Spheroidization than normalized steels. _________ grained steels are more resistant than ______ grained steels.
A. Fine, Course
B. Course, Fine
C. PWHT, Non-PWHT
D. Non-PWHT, PWHT
Sensitization occurs in the _____ to _______ range.
A. 800º F, 1400º F
B. 750º F, 1500º F
C. 600º F, 1120º F
D. 1000º F, 1750º F
Sigma phase in welds can be minimized by controlling ferrite in the range of _________ for Type 347 SS.
A. 3%-5%
B. 5%-7%
C. 7%-9%
D. 5%-9%
Soil to Air interface areas are usually more susceptible to corrosion than the rest of the structure because of ___________ and __________ availability.
A. Moisture
B. Bacteria
C. Oxygen
D. B and C
E. A and C
________ usually occurs when a colder liquid contacts a warmer metal surface.
A. Stress cracking
B. Thermal fatigue
C. Thermal shock
D. Stress shock
Which of the following are susceptible to thermal fatigue?
A. SA-516-70
B. SA-182 Gr B
C. SA-53 Gr B
D. All of the above
In design and fabrication, it is advisable to avoid sharp changes in cross section, such as short radius fillets or undercut that can give rise to _________.
Long-seam welds are particularly susceptible to reheat cracking due to mismatch caused by fit up problems.
A. Stress concentrations
B. Cracking
C. Circumferential stress
D. All of the above
________ is a form of erosion caused by the formation and instantaneous collapse of innumerable tiny vapor bubbles.
A. Condensate corrosion
B. Cavitation
C. Dew-Point corrosion
D. Atmospheric corrosion
SOHIC is driven by localized stresses so that __________ is somewhat effective in preventing SOHIC damage.
A. PWHT
B. Preheat
C. Temperature
D. None of the above
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