PMI CAPM PMI-100 Questions & Answers

• Question 701:

  In the Initiating Process Group, at what point does the project become officially authorized?

  A. When the project charter is signed

  B. When all the stakeholders agree on the scope of the project

  C. When the project manager is appointed

  D. When the necessary finance or funding is obtained

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation:

  3.3 Initiating Process Group

  The Initiating Process Group consists of those processes performed to define a new project or a new phase of an existing project by obtaining authorization to start the project or phase. Within the Initiating processes, the initial scope is defined and initial financial resources are committed. Internal and external stakeholders who will interact and influence the overall outcome of the project are identified. If not already assigned, the project manager will be selected. This information is captured in the project charter and stakeholder register.

  When the project charter is approved, the project becomes officially authorized.

  Process: 4.1. Develop Project CharterDefinition: The process of developing a document that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities. Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is a well-defined project start and project boundaries, creation of a formal record of the project, and a direct way for senior management to formally accept and commit to the project.

  Inputs

  1.

  Project statement of work

  2.

  Business case

  3.

  Agreements

  4.

  Enterprise environmental factors

  5.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Expert judgment

  2.

  Facilitation techniques

  Outputs

  1. Project charter

• Question 702:

  Design of experiments (DOE) should be used during which of the following processes?

  A. Perform Quality Assurance

  B. Total Quality Management

  C. Perform Quality Control

  D. Plan Quality Management

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation:

  Process: 8.1 Plan Quality ManagementDefinition: The process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and its deliverables, and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with relevant quality requirements and/or standards. Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it provides guidance and direction on how quality will be managed and validated throughout the project.

  Inputs

  1.

  Project management plan

  2.

  Stakeholder register

  3.

  Risk register

  4.

  Requirements documentation

  5.

  Enterprise environmental factors

  6.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Cost-benefit analysis

  2.

  Cost of quality

  3.

  Seven basic quality tools

  4.

  Benchmarking

  5.

  Design of experiments

  6.

  Statistical sampling

  7.

  Additional quality planning tools

  8.

  Meetings

  Outputs

  1.

  Quality management plan

  2.

  Process improvement plan

  3.

  Quality metrics

  4.

  Quality checklists

  5.

  Project documents updates

  8.1.2.5 Design of ExperimentsDesign of experiments (DOE) is a statistical method for identifying which factors may influence specific variables of a product or process under development or in production. DOE may be used during the Plan Quality Management process to determine the number and type of tests and their impact on cost of quality.

  DOE also plays a role in optimizing products or processes. DOE is used to reduce the sensitivity of product performance to sources of variations caused by environmental or manufacturing differences. One important aspect of this technique is that it provides a statistical framework for systematically changing all of the important factors, rather than changing the factors one at a time. Analysis of the experimental data should provide the optimal conditions for the product or process, highlight the factors that influence the results, and reveal the presence of interactions and synergy among the factors. For example, automotive designers use this technique to determine which combination of suspension and tires will produce the most desirable ride characteristics at a reasonable cost.

• Question 703:

  Decomposition, rolling wave planning, and templates are all tools and techniques for which of the following?

  A. Define Activities

  B. Estimate Activity Durations

  C. Develop Schedule

  D. Sequence Activities

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation:

  5.4.2.1 Decomposition

  Decomposition is a technique used for dividing and subdividing the project scope and project deliverables into smaller, more manageable parts. The work package is the work defined at the lowest level of the WBS for which cost and duration can be estimated and managed. The level of decomposition is often guided by the degree of control needed to effectively manage the project. The level of detail for work packages will vary with the size and complexity of the project. Decomposition of the total project work into work packages generally involves the following activities:

  Identifying and analyzing the deliverables and related work;

  Structuring and organizing the WBS;

  Decomposing the upper WBS levels into lower-level detailed components;

  Developing and assigning identification codes to the WBS components; and

  Verifying that the degree of decomposition of the deliverables is appropriate.

  6.2.2.2 Rolling Wave Planning

  Rolling wave planning is an iterative planning technique in which the work to be accomplished in the near term is planned in detail, while the work in the future is planned at a higher level. It is a form of progressive elaboration. Therefore, work can exist at various levels of detail depending on where it is in the project life cycle. During early strategic planning, when information is less defined, work packages may be decomposed to the known level of detail. As more is known about the upcoming events in the near term, work packages can be decomposed into activities.

  Process: 6.2 Define Activities Definition: The process of identifying and documenting the specific actions to be performed to produce the project deliverables. Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is to break down work packages into activities that provide a basis for estimating, scheduling, executing, monitoring, and controlling the project work.

  Inputs

  1.

  Schedule management plan

  2.

  Scope baseline

  3.

  Enterprise environmental factors

  4.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Decomposition

  2.

  Rolling wave planning

  3.

  Expert judgment

  Outputs

  1.

  Activity list

  2.

  Activity attributes

  3.

  Milestone list

• Question 704:

  Cost variance (CV) is equal to earned value:

  A. Minus actual cost [EV - AC].

  B. Minus planned value [EV - PV].

  C. Divided by actual cost [EV/AC].

  D. Divided by planned value [EV/PV].

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: CV = EV - AC CPI = EV / AC SV = EV - PV SPI = EV / PV

• Question 705:

  Cost of quality (COQ) refers to total cost of/to:

  A. All efforts related to quality.

  B. Product inspection activities.

  C. Maintain plan quality.

  D. Perform quality control.

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 706:

  Cost aggregation is typically performed by aggregating work packages in accordance with the:

  A. Program evaluation and review technique (PERT).

  B. Cost of quality (COQ).

  C. Rough order of magnitude (ROM).

  D. Work breakdown structure (WBS).

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation:

  7.3.2.1 Cost Aggregation

  Cost estimates are aggregated by work packages in accordance with the WBS. The work package cost estimates are then aggregated for the higher component levels of the WBS (such as control accounts) and ultimately for the entire project.

• Question 707:

  Budgets reserved for unplanned changes to project scope and cost are:

  A. Contingency reserves.

  B. Management reserves.

  C. Authorized budgets.

  D. Cost baselines.

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation:

  6.5.2.6 Reserve Analysis

  Definition: estimates may include contingency reserves, sometimes referred to as time reserves or

  buffers, into the project schedule to account for schedule uncertainty. Contingency reserves are the

  estimated duration within the schedule baseline, which is allocated for identified risks that are accepted

  and for which contingent or mitigation responses are developed. Contingency reserves are associated with

  the “known-unknowns,” which may be estimated to account for this unknown amount of rework.

  As more precise information about the project becomes available, the contingency reserve may be used,

  reduced, or eliminated. Contingency should be clearly identified in schedule documentation.

  [..]

  Estimates may also be produced for the amount of management reserve of time for the project.

  Management reserves are a specified amount of the project duration withheld for managementcontrol purposes and are reserved for unforeseen work that is within scope of the project.Management reserves are intended to address the “unknown-unknowns” that can affect a project.

  Management reserve is not included in the schedule baseline, but it is part of the overall project duration requirements. Depending on contract terms, use of management reserves may require a change to the schedule baseline.

• Question 708:

  An output of the Manage Project Team process is:

  A. project management plan updates

  B. project staff assignments updates

  C. team performance assessments

  D. resource calendar updates

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation:

  9.2.3.3 Project Management Plan Updates

  Elements of the project management plan that may be updated include, but are not limited to, the human resource management plan. For example, the person assigned to a predefined role may not fulfll all staffing requirements outlined in the human resource management plan. When gaps occur, the project management plan needs to be updated to change the team structure, roles, or responsibilities.

  Process: 9.4 Manage Project TeamDefinition: The process of tracking team member performance, providing feedback, resolving issues, and managing changes to optimize project performance. Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it influences team behavior, manages conflict, resolves issues, and appraises team member performance.

  Inputs

  1.

  Human resource management plan

  2.

  Project staff assignments

  3.

  Team performance assessments

  4.

  Issue log

  5.

  Work performance reports

  6.

  Organizational process assets

  Tools and Techniques

  1.

  Observation and conversation

  2.

  Project performance appraisals

  3.

  Conflict management

  4.

  Interpersonal skills

  Outputs

  1.

  Change requests

  2.

  Project management plan updates

  3.

  Project documents updates

  4.

  Enterprise environmental factors updates

  5.

  Organizational process assets updates

• Question 709:

  An input required to develop a preliminary project scope statement is:

  A. Organizational Structure

  B. Organizational Process Assets

  C. Organizational Matrix

  D. Organizational Breakdown Structures

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation:

  13.2.1.4 Organizational Process Assets

  Described in Section 2.1.4. All organizational process assets are used as inputs for the Plan Stakeholder Management process. Of these, lessons learned database and historical information are of particular importance, because they provide insights on previous stakeholder management plans and their effectiveness. These can be used to plan the stakeholder management activities for the current project.

  The project team must complete a scope statement for developing a common understanding of the project scope among stakeholders. This lists project deliverables - summary level sub-products, whose full and satisfactory delivery marks the completion of the project.

• Question 710:

  An imposed date for completion of the project by the customer is an example of a project:

  A. deliverable

  B. assumption

  C. constraint

  D. exclusion

  Correct Answer: C