Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium

In the attached figure, parallel lines l *and *m are cut by a transversal line n, forming angles labeled 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 as shown in the attached diagram.
If angle 1 measures 125 degrees, what is the sum of angles 3 and 5?

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Case study

Lights, Candles, Action!

Your friend Abbie is making a movie. She is filming a fancy dinner scene and she has two types of candles on the table. She wants to determine how long the candles will last.

She takes a picture, lights the candles, and then lets them burn for 1 hour. She then takes a second picture. You can assume that each candle burns at its won constant rate.

Candle Type A initial height = 20 cm
Candle Type B initial height = 10 cm

Candle Type A height after burning for 1 hour = 16 cm
Candle Type B height after burning for 1 hour = 9 cm

You will use this information to help Abbie think about the candles she might use for her film.

Candles of each type were lit at the same time. Abbie thinks that since Candle Type A burns more quickly than Candle Type B, that it will burn out (have a height of 0cm) first.

Julie thinks that since Candle Type B starts out much shorter than Candle Type A, it will be the candle to burn out first.

Which candle will burn out first? Give a mathematical explanation to convince Abbie and Julie of your solution. Clearly identify the quantities involved.

A. Correct Answer: See explanation below

Rachel is going to buy a coffee-maker for her apartment. After some research she found 5 different coffee-makers for these prices:

$62.99
$77.99
$43.99
$17.99
$66.99

Her aunt advised her that spending about the median amount will be a good deal, while spending about the mean amount will just be average. After looking at the prices, she decided that average will be good enough.

Read the attached description of a purchase decision process.

How much did Rachel save by spending closer to the mean than spending closer to the median?

A student is writing a report for class about her favorite sport. Choose two sentences that are correctly punctuated.

A student is writing a persuasive essay to the school board about school lunch options. This is a paragraph from that essay. Read the attached paragraph and complete this task: Which two sentences would be the best pieces of evidence to add to this paragraph?

1. Reports indicate that up to $5 million dollars a day in uneaten food is wasted in American schools.
2. Including more cafeteria staff will help increase the ease with which students can move through the lunch lines and get their food.
3. According to some sources, rates of childhood obesity have tripled in the last thirty years.
4. Students with food allergies face daily challenges when navigating school lunch options. 5.
5. Offering vegetarian and vegan options are expensive suggestions.

Which sentence contains a misplaced modifier?

Read the text attached.

"Declaration of Conscience" by Margaret Chase Smith June 1, 1950
Mr. President, I would like to speak briefly and simply about a serious national condition. It is a national feeling of fear and frustration that could result in national suicide and the end of everything that we
Americans hold dear. It is a condition that comes from the lack of effective leadership either in the legislative branch or the executive branch of our government...

...I speak as a Republican. I speak as a woman. I speak as a United States senator. I speak as an American...

...I think that it is high time for the United States Senate and its members to do some real soul searching and to weigh our consciences as to the manner in which we are performing our duty to the people of America and the manner in which we are using or abusing our individual powers and privileges.

I think that it is high time that we remembered that we have sworn to uphold and defend the Constitution. I think that it is high time that we remembered that the Constitution, as amended, speaks not only of the freedom of speech, but also of trial by jury instead of trial by accusation.

Whether it is a criminal prosecution in court or a character prosecution in the Senate, there is little practical

distinction when the life of a person has been ruined.

"The Basic Principles of Americanism"

Those of use who shout the loudest about Americanism in making character assassinations are all too frequently those who, by our own words and acts, ignore some of the basic principles of Americanism ?

The right to criticize.
The right to hold unpopular beliefs.
The right to protest.
The right of independent thought.

The exercise of these rights should not cost one single American citizen his reputation or his right to a livelihood nor should he be in danger of losing his reputation or livelihood merely because he happens to know someone who holds unpopular beliefs. Who of us does not? Otherwise none of us could call our souls our own. Otherwise thought control would have set in.

The American people are sick and tired of being afraid to speak their minds lest they be politically smeared as "Communists" or "Fascists" by their opponents. Freedom of speech is not what it used to be in America.
It has been so abused by some that it is not exercised by others.

The American people are sick and tired of seeing innocent people smeared and guilty people whitewashed. But there have been enough proved cases...to cause nationwide distrust and strong suspicion that there may be something to the unproved, sensational accusations.

A Challenge to the Republican Party

As a Republican, I say to my colleagues on this side of the aisle that the Republican party faces a challenge today that is not unlike the challenge that it faced back in Lincoln's day. The Republican Party so successfully met that challenge that it emerged from the Civil War as the champion of a united nation - in addition to being a party that unrelentingly fought loose spending and loose programs....

The Democratic administration has greatly lost the confidence of the American people by its complacency to the threat of communism here at home and the leak of vital secrets to Russia through key officials of the Democratic administration.
There are enough proved cases to make this point without diluting our criticism with unproved charges.
Surely these are sufficient reasons to make it clear to the American people that it is time for a change and that a Republican victory is necessary to the security of this country.... Yet to displace it with a Republican regime embracing a philosophy that lacks political integrity or intellectual honesty would prove equally disastrous to this Nation. The nation sorely needs a Republican victory. But I do not want to see the Republican party ride to political victory... [using] fear, ignorance, bigotry, and smear... I do not want to see the Republican party win that way. While it might be a fleeting victory for the Republican party, it would be a more lasting defeat for the American people. Surely it would ultimately be suicide for the Republican party and the two-party system that has protected our American liberties from the dictatorship of a one-party system.

As members of the minority party, we do not have the primary authority to formulate the policy of our government. But we do have the responsibility of rendering constructive criticism, of clarifying issues, of allaying fears by acting as responsible citizens.

As a woman, I wonder how the mothers, wives, sisters, and daughters feel about the way in which members of their families have been politically mangled in Senate debate - and I use the word "debate" advisedly...

I do not like the way the Senate has been made a rendezvous for vilification, for selfish political gain at the sacrifice of individual reputations and national unity. I am not proud of the way we smear outsiders from the floor of the Senate and hide behind the cloak of congressional immunity and still place ourselves beyond criticism on the floor of the Senate.

As an American, I am shocked at the way Republicans and Democrates alike are playing directly into the Communist design of "confuse, divide, and conquer." As an American, I don't want a Democratic administration "whitewash" or "cover-up" any more than I want a Republican smear or witch hunt.

As an American, I condemn a Republican Fascist just as much as I condemn a Democrat Communist. I

condemn a Democrat Fascist just as much as I condemn a Republican Communist. They are equally dangerous to you and me and to our country. As an American, I want to see our nation recapture the strength and unity it once had when we fought the enemy instead of ourselves.

It is with these thoughts that I have drafted what I call a Declaration of Conscience. I am gratified that the senator from New Hampshire, the senator from Vermont, the senator from Oregon, the senator from New York, the senator from Minnesota and the senator from New Jersey have concurred in that declaration and have authorized me to announce their concurrence.

What inference can be made about the author of the attached text and her position?

HOTSPOT

78. His highest test score was
98. On the 13th test, he earned a 64. Choose whether the value of each statistic for his test scores increased, decreased, or could not be determined when the last test score was added.

Which of these is not equal to:
tan(x) sin(x) + sec(x) cos2(x)?

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Read the text and answer the question.

Moving to the Back of Beyond

When my parents said the three of us were moving out to California, to a place just north of Los Angeles, my mind immediately went to thoughts of Disneyland and Hollywood, glitz and glamour. I imagined a Rodeo Drive shopping spree to pick out a bikini for the endless days I would be spending on the beach.
However, I'd forgotten about my parents' penchant for the unconventional; they're definitely "the road less
traveled" kind of people. Mom had a gopher snake for a pet when she was younger, and Dad was never happier than when he was climbing near-vertical cliffs that only mountain goats could love. These are not city folk.
They had chosen to buy a 900-square-foot cabin under a 250-year-old oak tree in the high chaparral1 forest out in the back of beyond - so far away from Los Angeles that you couldn't even see the glow of the lights at night. When I first saw where we were going to live, I vacillated between feeling terrified and excited. This would be an adventure, for sure. But this was no camping trip where you could go home to
civilization after a few days of roughing it; this was home, and roughing it was the new normal.
On move-in day, we drove fifteen miles out from Antelope Valley - where the nearest grocery store was located - on a two-lane road past llamas, cattle, and horses. Up and up we went, until finally we turned down a dirt road and headed into a canyon full of towering Coulter pines, blue-green sagebrush, and
ancient canyon live oaks. I didn't know the names of these plants then, of course; I learned them later.
That first day all I saw then was a million shades of green.
We parked under an oak tree that shaded our cabin and a front yard of rock, sand, and sagebrush twice as large as the cabin itself. On the stone staircase that led to the front door, black lizards interrupted their push-ups to twist their heads and eye us as we passed. Scrub jays squawked and hummingbirds zoomed past the eaves, scolding us with their territorial calls.
No cars roared past. No radios blared from a neighbor's house. There were no neighbors - no human neighbors, anyway.
Our new home consisted of one bedroom, one bathroom, and one big room for everything else. A fireplace in the corner of the big room would be our sole source of heat in the winter. A swamp box (cooler) would blow a breeze over a big damp pad to keep us cool all summer, or so my father said. But it was early
autumn that day, and the temperature was perfect in the shade of the oak tree. Our oak tree, I thought; I
was settling in.
Mom wiped a layer of grime off the kitchen counter and muttered about getting a bottle of bleach on our next trip into town. That was the beginning of an important lesson about living in the back of beyond: you don't just zip over to the local convenience store anytime you need something out here. You have to make a careful list and check it twice so that you don't forget anything, because anywhere is a long way from here.
On my first walk around the property, I saw two horned toads, a red-tailed hawk, and some deer tracks. I wondered what else I might find deeper and higher in the canyon. Dad told me the real estate agent had mentioned that coyotes, bobcats, mountain lions, rattlesnakes, and even bears roamed these hills. To my surprise, I found I couldn't wait to see them. All of them. I felt my feet taking root in the earth, claiming this place as home.
With no street lamps timed to turn on at sunset, when night came it was darker than anything I had ever experienced. Mom and I went out to look at the stars while Dad tried to unplug the ancient toilet. In the city, or even in the suburbs where I had lived before, you could see only the brightest stars in the sky. But out here, it was like being in a planetarium, except there were no labels typed onto our sky. The sheer number and spread of stars was awe-inspiring.
That first night, we slept on air mattresses on the living room floor because the movers had not yet arrived.
There were no curtains on the windows, so when the moon rose, it shone in as if moonbeams were an integral part of the cabin.
Eventually, I moved into the bedroom and Mom and Dad got a foldout bed for the living room. Over the next few months, I began to count the passage of time in full moons rather than by the pages of a calendar, and for the first time I really noticed the days growing shorter in winter and longer in summer.
It's hard to believe, but we've been here for six years now. I've been going to school in the valley, but I feel most at home up here with my wild fellow canyon dwellers. Soon, I will have to leave home for college, and I'm a little afraid of the culture shock I'm sure I will feel when I move back to civilization. Soon I'll be walking on pavement and well-mowed grass again, rooming with strangers, and eating meals in a cafeteria crowded with more people than live within twenty miles of this house. But I know I will come back. The back of beyond is home now.

1. chaparral: a dense thicket of shrubs and small trees

What is the author's message about living with nature? Use details from the text to support your answer.

A. Correct Answer: See explanation below.