NCLEX NCLEX Certifications NCLEX-PN Questions & Answers

• Question 191:

  Tuberculosis (mycobacterium) usually effects which system?

  A. stomach (GI)

  B. heart (cardiac)

  C. lungs (respiratory)

  D. skin (integumentary)

  Correct Answer: C

  Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an aerobic bacillus that requires a great deal of oxygen to grow and

  flourish.

  It needs highly oxygenated body sites, such as lungs, growing ends of bones, and the brain.

  The bacillus is airborne.

• Question 192:

  Which of the following should not be included in the teaching for clients who take oral iron preparations?

  A. Mix the liquid iron preparation with antacids to reduce GI distress.

  B. Take the iron with meals if GI distress occurs.

  C. Liquid forms should be taken with a straw to avoid discoloration of tooth enamel.

  D. Oral forms should be taken with juice, not milk.

  Correct Answer: A

  Iron should not be mixed with antacids.

• Question 193:

  The test used to differentiate sickle cell trait from sickle cell disease is __________.

  A. sickle cell preparation

  B. peripheral smear

  C. sickledex

  D. hemoglobin electrophoresis

  Correct Answer: D

  Hemoglobin electrophoresis is used to differentiate between sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease.

• Question 194:

  What happens if folic acid is given to treat anemia without determining its underlying cause?

  A. Erythropoiesis is inhibited.

  B. Excessive levels of folic acid might accumulate, causing toxicity.

  C. The symptoms of pernicious anemia might be masked, delaying treatment.

  D. Intrinsic factor is destroyed.

  Correct Answer: C

  Folic acid should not be used if pernicious anemia is suspected because it does not protect the client from

  CNS changes common to this type of anemia. Folic acid is usually given with Vitamin B12. Both are part of

  the Vitamin B complex and are essential for cell growth and division.

  Folic acid is sometimes used as a rescue drug for cells exposed to some toxic chemotherapeutic agents.

  The nature of the anemia must be confirmed to ensure that the proper drug regimen is being used.

• Question 195:

  Clients who take iron preparations should be warned of the possible side effects, which might include __________.

  A. dizziness and orthostatic hypotension

  B. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, and stomach cramps

  C. drowsiness, lethargy, and fatigue

  D. neuropathy and tingling in the extremities

  Correct Answer: B

  Oral iron preparations are often used to treat clients who have iron deficiency anemia to regain a positive iron balance. These preparations need to be supplemented with adequate dietary intake of iron. It can take 2-3 weeks to see improvement and up to 6-10 months to return to a stable iron level after a deficiency exists. The most common adverse effects associated with oral iron intake are related to direct GI upset, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dark stools, and constipation. Nursing comfort measures include taking the preparations with meals, teaching about black stools, encouragement, and proper nutrition.

• Question 196:

  Which instruction should be given in a health education class regarding testicular cancer?

  A. All males should perform a testicular exam after the age of 30.

  B. Testicular exams should be performed on a daily basis.

  C. Reddening or darkening of the scrotum is a normal finding.

  D. Testicular exams should be performed after a warm bath or shower.

  Correct Answer: D

  Testicular exams should be performed after a warm shower or bath to relax the scrotum. Testicular exams

  should be performed on a monthly basis by all men beginning at about age 15.

  Reddening or darkening of the scrotum is not normal finding and should be reported to a physician.

• Question 197:

  A client newly diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus needs education.

  Which of the following statements should the nurse include in this education?

  A. "You can eat anything you want, but no foods with sugar."

  B. "You need to lose weight, so your diet must be a restricted one."

  C. "You need a diet and exercise program."

  D. "You must eliminate all salt, fat, and sugar from your diet."

  Correct Answer: C

  A client newly diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus needs teaching about diet and exercise.

• Question 198:

  A client who is newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and beginning medication therapy asks the nurse, "How soon will I see improvement?"

  The nurse's best response is __________.

  A. "That varies from client to client."

  B. "You should discuss that with your physician."

  C. "You should notice a difference in a few days."

  D. "It might take several weeks before you notice improvement."

  Correct Answer: D

  It might take several weeks of therapy for the client with Parkinson's disease to see improvement in

  symptoms.

  Choice "That varies from client to client." is also true but is not the best response to the question.

  Choice "You should discuss that with your physician." might be indicated but is not the best response to

  the question.

  Choice "You should notice a difference in a few days." is incorrect.

• Question 199:

  A client with Parkinson's disease has difficulty performing voluntary movements.

  This is known as __________.

  A. akinesia

  B. dyskinesia

  C. chorea

  D. dystonia

  Correct Answer: B

  Dyskinesia is an impairment of the ability to execute voluntary muscles.

• Question 200:

  The drug of choice to decrease uric acid levels is __________.

  A. prednisone (Colisone)

  B. allopurinol (Zyloprim)

  C. indomethacin (Indocin)

  D. hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril)

  Correct Answer: B

  Allopurinol is a drug used to treat gout, and it decreases uric acid formation.

  Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to decrease inflammation.

  Indomethacin is an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic agent.

  Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema.