A white rabbit mates with a black rabbit, resulting in a mix of black and white offspring. This is an example of:
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Correct answerD
ExplanationWhen both parental traits are expressed, this is an example of co-dominance. Incomplete dominance would reveal offspring to have grey color.
If Keq < 1, then which of the following is correct in regards to the equilibrium mixture?
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Contains less reactants than products.
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Contains less products than reactants.
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There is equal amounts of products and reactants.
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Contain more products than reactants.
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Correct answerB
ExplanationIf Keq > 1, then the equilibrium reaction will contain less reactants than products.
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the ______, while protein digestion begins in the ______?
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Small Intestine / Stomach
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E
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Correct answerE
ExplanationCarbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the initial breakdown via salivary amylase. Proteins begin being denatured in the stomach via hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin.
Which of the following functions is NOT controlled by the hypothalamus?
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Correct answerE
ExplanationWith the exception of the balance, all of the following are controlled by the hypothalamus. Balance is controlled by the cerebellum.
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Correct answerC
ExplanationA joule is indeed equal to this. Joule, the unit of work, can be identified as equal to force x distance. Force (in newtons), is equal to mass x acceleration. Mass = kg Acceleration = m/s2 Distance = m Thus, combining all these terms by multiplying them: kg x (m/s2) x m = (kg x m2) / s2
Which of these classes is incorrectly matched with the animal?
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Reptilia - Green Sea Turtle
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Correct answerE
ExplanationAll of the classes are indeed matched correctly to the animal.
What is the molecular geometry of BF3?
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Which of the following functions is the kidneys NOT responsible for?
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Tissue osmolarity homeostasis
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Producing hormones (endocrine function)
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Kidney is responsible for all of the above.
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Correct answerE
ExplanationKidney has functions in all of the answer choices.
In the following circuit, identify the current going through I3. 
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Correct answerC
ExplanationBegin by finding the total resistance of this circuit. Because this is a parallel circuit, total resistance is measured with the formula: 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 etc. 1/R = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/4 = 1/2 Thus, R = 2 To find the current of I3, use the formula: I = V / R I = 10 / 4 = 2.5 A If one wanted to confirm their answer, they could find the currents of the other resistors and add up them. They should add up to the total current (I = V / R = 10 / 2 = 5 A).
Question 10
Single choice
What does 4x - 1/2y equal if x = 9 and y = 6
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Correct answerB
Explanation(4 x 9) - (1/2 x 6) = 36 - 3 = 33.
Question 11
Single choice
Which of the following is incorrect in regards to mitosis and meiosis?
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Both mitosis and meiosis have 1 round of replication.
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Meiosis has 2 rounds of division.
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Mitosis has 1 round of division.
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There is no crossing over in mitosis.
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Correct answerE
ExplanationAll of the answer choices are indeed correct.
Question 12
Single choice
Which of the following represents the most accurate passageway for air in humans?
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Mouth -> Pharynx -> Trachea -> Bronchi -> Bronchioles -> Alveoli
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Mouth -> Pharynx -> Alveoli -> Bronchi -> Bronchioles
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Mouth -> Esophagus -> Bronchi -> Bronchioles -> Alveoli
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Mouth -> Pharynx -> Larynx -> Esophagus -> Alveoli -> Bronchi
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Mouth -> Alveoli -> Bronchi -> Trachea
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Correct answerA
ExplanationThis is the most correct answer choice.
Question 13
Single choice
A manometer filled with mercury has a higher pressure on the open end, with a difference of 380 mm in the height of the fluid. What is the pressure of the gas in there?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationIn manometers filled with mercury (Hg), the difference in height of the fluid is equivalent to the difference in pressure. There is a difference in 380 mmHg between the pressure inside and outside, which is half of the atmospheric pressure of 760 mmHg, or 1 atm. 1 atm is roughly 100,000 Pa, so the pressure inside is 50,000 Pa.
Question 14
Single choice
What is the product of 0.34 x 0.06?
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Correct answerA
ExplanationThe product of 0.34 and 0.06 is 0.0204. Remember to count the number of places to the right of the decimal.
Question 15
Single choice
Which of the following is NOT a monosaccharide?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationAll other answers are indeed monosaccharides. Dextrose and glucose are the same thing.
Question 16
Single choice
Given this hypothetical compound, K2X2F2. Find the atomic weight of the unknown element, X, if the molar mass of the compound itself totals 162 g/mol.
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Correct answerA
ExplanationLooking at the periodic table, add up the molar mass of the elements that are known. 2K gives (39 + 39), and 2F gives (19 + 19): 39 + 39 + 19 + 19 = 116 Thus, 116 is 46 short of the total 162, thus there has to be 46 g of the unknown `X'. Since there are 2 moles of this, the atomic weight of this element has to be 23 g/mol.
Question 17
Single choice
Kevin throws 3 dice. What is his probability of rolling 3 fours?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationRolling 3 fours is an independent event. Chance of rolling 1 four is 1/6. So chance of rolling 3 fours is: 1/6 x 1/6 x 1/6 = 1/216
Question 18
Single choice
If (3a + a) - (2b - 3) = 7, find the values for 'a' and 'b'.
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More than 1 answer choice is correct.
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Correct answerE
ExplanationThe easiest way to solve these is NOT to perform step by step algebra solutions that practice test makers put in their solutions manual, but to simply (and quickly) plugin the answer choices and see if it works! Especially for a short, simple algebra problem like this one. In this scenario, both answer choices C & D work.
Question 19
Single choice
Which of the following are not pyrimidines?
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Correct answerD
ExplanationUracil, Cytosine and Thymine are pyrimidines. Adenine and Guanine are purines.
Question 20
Single choice
What is the relationship between the following two molecules? 
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Correct answerD
ExplanationDue to the molecules not being mirror images of each other and non-superimposable, they are indeed diastereomers.
Question 21
Single choice
A solenoid is made of loops of wire, through which a current is run. What is the purpose of putting a lot if loops into a solenoid?
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To increase the magnetic field inside the solenoid.
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To increase the magnetic field outside the solenoid.
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To decrease the magnetic field inside the solenoid.
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To decrease the magnetic field inside the solenoid.
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Correct answerA
ExplanationSolenoids create a magnetic field inside the coils. Outside the solenoid, the magnetic field is practically zero, so increasing the number of coils won't have much effect on the exterior field strength. Inside the coils, increasing the number and density of coils increases the field strength.
Question 22
Single choice
Which of the following is defined by the 2nd law of thermodynamics?
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In any spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe always increases.
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Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
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The entropy of a perfect crystal approaches 0 as temperature approaches absolute 0.
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Any object in motion will remain in motion unless a force is acted upon it.
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For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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Correct answerA
ExplanationAnswer choice [Energy cannot be created or destroyed.] is the 1st law of thermodynamics and [The entropy of a perfect crystal approaches...] is the 3rd law. Choices [Any object in motion will remain in...] and [For every action, there is...] are part of Newton's laws of motion.
Question 23
Single choice
Name this compound: 
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Question 24
Single choice
A lead sphere 10 centimeters in diameter is attached to a 10-meter wire and suspended from a beam in a large warehouse. A lead sphere 1 meter in diameter is hung next to the smaller sphere, almost touching. Ignoring friction, which statement is true?
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The small sphere will move slightly towards the big sphere, but the big sphere will not move.
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The big sphere will move slightly toward the small sphere, but the small sphere will not move.
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Neither sphere will move.
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Both spheres will move slightly towards each other.
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Correct answerD
ExplanationThere will be a gravitational force of attraction between the two spheres determined by the universal constant of gravity, the distance between the spheres, and the mass of the spheres. Since both objects are affected by this force (remember, Newton's 3rd law says the force needs to be equal and opposite), both objects will experience a slight acceleration and start moving towards each other a tiny amount (when we ignore friction). Using F = ma, you know that the less massive sphere will experience a larger acceleration than the more massive one.
Question 25
Single choice
Spermatogenesis occurs in which of the following?
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Question 26
Single choice
What is the percent of oxygen by mass in FeCr2O4?
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Correct answerE
ExplanationIt necessary to utilize the periodic table (provided in the exam) and adds up the entire molecular weight of FeCr2O4. Fe = 55.8 Cr = 52 (x2) O = 16 (x4) Total molecular weight: ~223.85 Divide the oxygen species by this: (16 x 4) / (223.85) = 0.286 Multiply by a 100 to get the percentage form: 0.286 x 100 = 28.6%
Question 27
Single choice
Which of the following would you not expect to find autotrophs?
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There are autotrophs in all of the above
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Correct answerA
ExplanationThe Aphotic Zone receives no sunlight, thus photosynthesis cannot occur, which means autotrophs cannot exist.
Question 28
Single choice
A 1-gallon bottle containing 20% apple juice is mixed with a 2-gallon bottle containing 30% apple juice. What is the percentage of apple juice in the 3-gallon mixture?
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Correct answerB
ExplanationThis question can be solved in numerous ways. If 1 gallon has 20% apple juice, it means apple juice consists of 0.2 gallons. If the 2 gallon has 30% apple juice, it means apple juice consists of 0.6 gallons. Thus, there are a total of 0.8 gallons of apple juice in the mixture of the total 3 gallons. Find the percentage: (0.8 gallons of apple juice / 3 total gallons) x 100 = ~27%
Question 29
Single choice
Which of the following elements do not belong with the others?
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Correct answerB
ExplanationThe answer choices are all metalloids except Aluminium.
Question 30
Single choice
Which of the following holds the greatest bond energy?
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Correct answerD
ExplanationIn general, triple bonds > double bonds > single bonds in bond energies. CN is linked via a triple bond: C N
Question 31
Single choice
What property of a sound wave in air corresponds to the frequency of the sound?
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Correct answerA
ExplanationThe frequency of a sound wave directly determines its pitch. We say the pitch of 480 Hz is higher than the pitch of 440 Hz. High and low are the words we use to describe pitch. Overtones refer to the frequencies above the fundamental frequency in a musical instrument. Two singers singing the same note at the same loudness will sound differently because their voices have different timbres.
Question 32
Single choice
A pizza dough recipe calls for 2 cups of flour and 1 1/2 teaspoons of salt. How much salt would you need if you wanted to triple the recipe?
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Question 33
Single choice
Which of the following is the IUPAC name of this compound? 
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8-Bromo-6,6-diethyldecane
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5-Bromo-3-ethyl-5-pentylheptane
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1-Bromo-1,3,3-triethyloctane
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3-Bromo-5,5-diethyldecane
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3-Bromo-5,5-diethyldec-5-ene
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Correct answerD
ExplanationNomenclature rules states that: 1) Find the longest and continuous chain 2) Number the carbons starting at the side with the closest substituent 3) In listing the substituents, list them in alphabetical order.
Question 34
Single choice
Rank the freezing point in ascending order of the following solutions: I. 2.0 m CH3OH II. 2.0 m NaCl III. 2.0 m AlCl3
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Correct answerA
ExplanationThe solution that exhibits the highest freezing point is the one that has depressed the least. I - CH3OH does not disassociate and thus its van't hoff factor (i) is 1. (2 m x 1) = 2 II - NaCl dissociates into 2 ions, Na+ and Cl- (i = 2). (2 m x 2) = 4 III - AlCl3 dissociates into 4 ions, 1 Al, and 3 Cl- (i = 4). (2 m x 4) = 8 CH3OH thus exhibits the smallest depression in freezing point, and thus has the higher boiling points. NaCl is 2nd, and AlCl3 is last, with the highest depression in freezing point.
Question 35
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Correct answerA
ExplanationIf an aldehyde is treated with ammonia (first step) along with a hydrogen and a metal catalyst, the end product is a primary amine.
Question 36
Single choice
A reaction with a positive S and a positive H is spontaneous when?
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The reaction is not spontaneous at all.
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Not enough information is provided to complete this problem.
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Correct answerB
ExplanationA reaction with positive entropy and enthalpy means it is spontaneous at high temperatures (e.x. boiling). Whereas a reaction with both negative values for enthalpy and entropy means it is spontaneous at low temperatures only. A positive S and a negative H means the reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures, whereas the inverse (negative S and positive H) is not spontaneous at all temperatures.
Question 37
Single choice
Which of the following is NOT considered a poikilothermic animal?
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Correct answerE
ExplanationPoikilotherms have a variable and fluctuating internal body temperatures as opposed to homeotherms. Fish, reptiles and amphibians are all classic, traditional definitions of poikilotherms. The mouse (a mammal) is a homeotherm and the outlier of the answer choices.
Question 38
Single choice
For the following nuclear reaction, fill in the correct daughter product.  
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Correct answerA
ExplanationBegin by looking at the reactant side and noting down the number of mass number and protons (235 and 92 respectively). These numbers have to match the total numbers on the product side. The 2 alpha-decay and 1 beta-decay give you a mass of 8, which means it is 227 short of the mass number in the reactants. They also produce a (2 + 2 - 1 = 3) number of protons, 89 short of balancing the reactant number of protons. Thus, your missing daughter nuclei will have a mass of 227 and 89 protons. Looking at a periodic table, the atom Ac has 89 protons.
Question 39
Single choice
Identify the starting molecule in this reaction:  
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Question 40
Single choice
The alveolus in lungs is an example of what type of what type of tissue?
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Simple squamous epithelial tissue
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Stratified squamous epithelial tissue
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Cuboidal epithelial tissue
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Columnar epithelial tissue
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Correct answerA
ExplanationThe alveoli in lungs is a single layer of tissues of squamous epithelial. If it were multilayered, it would be stratified squamous epithelial tissue. Cuboidal epithelial tissues can be found in walls of tubules (ex. kidney tubules).
Question 41
Single choice
Which of the following paracrine signaling molecules increases gastric acid production in the stomach?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationHistamine induces gastric acid secretion in the stomach. Somatostatins inhibit gastric acid secretion, as does GIP.
Question 42
Single choice
If red hair is dominant over black hair, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F1 generation of red hair to black hair if a homozygous dominant breed with a heterozygous?
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75% red hair; 25% black hair
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50% red hair; 50% black hair
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75% black hair; 25% red hair
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Correct answerE
ExplanationThis is a simple monohybrid cross. Assume `R' for the dominant red hair and `r' for the recessive black hair.  From this cross, it is obvious to see all the offspring will have red hair.
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