Free NCLEX-PN Exam Dumps Preview

The CRIES Pain scale is used exclusively for infants and neonates from 32 weeks of gestation to six months of age.
This scale has five behavioral measurements that are scored from 0 to 2; the behavioral measurements include the infant's crying, requirements for increased oxygen, increased vital signs, expression, and sleepiness. The PEPPS pain scale (Pre-Verbal, Early Verbal Pediatric Pain Scale is used to assess and measure pain among toddlers. The Face, Legs, Activity, Crying, Consolability Scale (FLACC) is used for infants over two months of age and children up to three years of age. The Faces Pain Scale contains cartoon like pictures of six faces ranging from 0, or "no hurt" to 10 which represents "the worst hurt". It is used for pediatric patients who are three years of age and older.

Reverse isolation does not affect the risk of hemorrhage.

Untreated chronic renal failure causes decreased testosterone levels, atrophy of testicles, and decreased spermatogenesis.
Retrograde ejaculation is not a complication of chronic renal failure. It is a complication of transurethral resection of the prostate. In chronic renal failure, the testicles atrophy; they do not hypertrophy. Chronic
renal failure produces a state of depression, not euphoria.

Parents are the primary force in sex education in a child's life.
The school nurse is involved with formal sex education and counseling.
Peers become more important in sex education during adolescence but might lack correct information.
The media play a powerful role in what children learn about sex through movies, TV, and video games.

Breast implants can prevent detection of masses.
Choices "They might cause additional discomfort.", "They are contraindications to mammography." And "They are likely to be dislodged." are not ways in which breast implants interfere with mammography.

Object permanence occurs when the infant learns that something/someone still exists even though they might not be able to see it/them. This develops between 9 and 10 months of age. If the infant cries when his mother leaves the room, it might be because he believes she is no longer in the house when he can't see her. If an infant picks up another toy after the one he is playing with rolls under the couch and the infant fails to look for it, he believes the toy that rolled under the couch no longer exists.
Patty-cake is a game infants engage in but, it has nothing to do with object permanence.
An infant game that does show object permanence is peek-a-boo. In this game, an infant continues to hunt for a hidden face because he believes it is still there.

Most protocols require two separate clinical examinations, including induction of painful stimuli, papillary responses to light, oculovestibular testing, and apnea testing.
Choices "heart-lung death" and "higher brain death" have no specific test required.
Choice "circulatory death" is not a current definition of death in the United States.

Rhytidectomy is the procedure for removing excess skin from the face and neck. It is commonly called a face-lift.
Dermabrasion involves the spraying of a chemical to cause light freezing of the skin, which is then abraded with sandpaper or a revolving wire brush. It is used to remove facial scars, severe acne, and pigment from tattoos.
Rhinoplasty is performed to improve the appearance of the nose and involves reshaping the nasal skeleton and overlying skin.
Blepharoplasty is the procedure that removes loose and protruding fat from the upper and lower eyelids.

Vitamin B12 is the primary nutritional deficiency of concern for a strict vegetarian.

Caucasians have the highest incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

It is important to acknowledges the client's fear.
The other responses deny the client's perceptions.

An untoward, adverse drug reaction associated with the quinolones is tendon rupture.
Electrolyte imbalance has not been associated with the group, and antibiotic-associated colitis is most common in augmentin and penicillin groups.

Pulling an object works with gravitational force not opposing it, lowering risk of muscle strain.

A despondent friend, even though this could be a support to the grieving person, is in a state of despondency.
Therefore, he or she might not do well with a grieving friend.

The hands are flattened over the area of the body where chest percussion is used to conduct vibration through to the chest and loosen secretions.
The other hand positions do not accomplish this task.

Some AEDs cause aplastic anemia and megaloblastic anemia.
"The hematocrit is adversely affected because of an increased vascular volume.", "AEDs affect immune modulators increasing the risk of infection." and "AEDs induce white blood cell reduction." are not side effects of AEDs.

Contacting the attending physician via the medical record is appropriate due to the possibility of melanoma.

Objective anthropometric measurements such as triceps skinfold and mid-arm circumference (MAC), along with weight, are usually used to diagnose malnutrition. While all the other choices represent tests that might provide useful information, they also might be affected by variables other than malnutrition.

Breath sounds would be softer.

The Tetralogy of Fallot consists of a sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right, not left, ventricular hypertrophy, and right, not left, ventricular outflow.
Pulmonary atresia is not one of the anatomical malformations included in the Tetralogy of Fallot.

22 gauge is recommended for school age children, toddlers, and adolescents while 23-25 gauge is recommended for infants.

Statistical patterns of health care utilization indicate that Emergency Departments and urgent care centers provide a large portion of health care to those who live in poverty.

Active transport is a process requiring energy to transport ions against a concentration gradient, as is needed in the sodium-potassium pump.
Diffusion, filtration and osmosis are other regulatory mechanisms involved in fluid and electrolyte balance.

Elderly clients on fixed incomes have difficulty meeting new expenses, such as medicine.
Signs of financial abuse include unexplained illnesses that are left untreated, an inability to pay rent or purchase clothes and food, and inaccurate knowledge about finances.
Financial abuse is a form of elder abuse and requires investigation.

Scurvy is associated with inadequate intake of vitamin C.
The remaining choices refer to other nutritional deficiencies.

Light therapy can be effective in treating problems associated with sleep patterns, stress, moods, jaundice in newborns, and seasonal affective disorders.

Repairs of cleft palates are typically done before 12 months because this allows for palatal changes associated with normal growth to occur. While repairs can still be performed after one year of age but this increases the likelihood of needing longer-termed treatments and increased risks for poor language development and facial appearance.

Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleura and is often accompanied by abrupt onset of pain.
Symptoms of pleurisy are abrupt pain that is usually unilateral and localized to a specific portion of the chest. The pain is sharp, stabbing, and might radiate to the neck or shoulder. Pressure changes caused by breathing, movement, or coughing intensify the pain.
Other symptoms might include fever, cough (dry, hacking), localized tenderness, diminished breath sounds, tachypnea, and pleural friction rub.

The nurse changes the plan to respond to changes in needs.

You would adjust the intravenous fluid rate to deliver 20 drops of the normal saline every minute.

Start a fast weight-loss diet.

Diffusion and absorption depend on the chemical properties of the anesthetic and other factors such as local pH and blood flow.
Duration might or might not be longer than general anesthesia.
Duration can be short if the type of local anesthetic is a short-acting agent.
Client weight is not a factor.

Advocacy for clients by nurses is the primary focus of the client's right to autonomy and self-determination.
Confidentiality involves the maintenance of the privacy of the client and information regarding him or her.
Malpractice insurance is a type of insurance for professionals.

Standard precautions are taken in all situations for all clients and involve all body secretions except sweat and are designed to reduce the rate of transmission of microbes from one host to another or one source (environment such as the client's bedside table) to another.

There is a correlation between vague symptoms, such as abdominal pain, and battered syndrome. The astute clinician should question any woman who presents with suspicious symptoms such as these. Rarely are women offended by a properly worded question, such as, "Do you feel safe in your present relationship?"
Studies show an increase in case finding when such questions are asked. It is not mandatory that all women are assessed for violence, but it is prudent that all persons new to a clinician be assessed by at least the one question noted previously.
Castigating or shaming the physician typically does not improve client outcomes and might make for a difficult working environment for the nurse. Tactless comments, like the Choice "How would you feel to know that her partner is beating her and you didn't ask?", are not collegial and should be avoided.

Shutting off the bed's electricity should be the initial step.
The nurse should not touch the client until the bed is checked for faulty grounding.
An electrician should assess the equipment.
Oxygen should be discontinued until the equipment is cleared.

The poison control center should be contacted first.

The epileptic client is at risk for injury due to the complications of seizure activity, such as possible head trauma associated with a fall.
The other choices are not related to the question.

The use of clich in therapeutic communication is commonly construed by the client as the nurse's lack of understanding, involvement, and caring, so the client might feel demeaned and discounted.

Toradol is the first injectable NSAID equal to morphine in efficacy.

The kidneys, via urine, excrete approximately 60% of all water.
Water, in lesser volumes, also leaves the body by way of lung expiration, skin perspiration, and through the intestines.

Magnesium is essential for enzyme and neurochemical activities and it is also needed for cardiac and skeletal muscle excitability. Chloride is the most abundant negatively charged ion in extracellular fluid with potassium being the most abundant positively charge ion.
Phosphate assists in acid-base regulation.

HIV mutates very rapidly, and any interruption of therapy can allow viral resistance to emerge ?even taking a dose late.
Choice "when started, therapy must not be interrupted to prevent opportunistic infection" is incorrect because, when the virus is kept in check with anti-retrovirals, the client's own immune system is able to keep opportunistic infections at bay. Choices "therapy should be interrupted for one day each month to prevent toxicity" and "therapy should be interrupted for one week every three months to prevent toxicity" are incorrect because therapy should not be interrupted for any reason.
If the client develops toxicity, another anti-retroviral drug might be prescribed.

Alkylating agents are highly reactive chemicals that introduce alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevent their proper functioning, replication, and transcription. Choice "have few, if any, side effects" is incorrect because alkylating agents have numerous side effects including alopecia, nausea, vomiting, and myelosuppression. Choice "are used to treat multiple types of cancer" is incorrect because nitrogen mustards have a broad spectrum of activity against chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-
Hodgkin's lymphoma, and breast and ovarian cancer, but they are effective chemotherapeutic agents because of DNA crosslinkage.
Choice "are cell-cycle-specific agents" is incorrect because alkylating agents are non-cell-cycle-specific agents.

Decreasing maternal fluids is the only intervention that should not be performed when fetal distress is indicated.

Muscle weakness in the lower extremities is found in acute cases of Guillain-Barre' Syndrome.

The child has Fifth disease, a parvovirus flulike illness that is self-limiting but is contagious for two-three weeks.

Digitalis can cause all of the listed symptoms.

Of the choices given, only staphylococcus is considered a normal resident of the body.

This statement reveals cultural sensitivity. Ginger is sometimes used to relieve nausea.
The other statements are culturally insensitive and do not show an awareness of herbal pharmacology.

The bioavailability of the injected medication is 100% and might lead to toxicity.
An IV infiltration can cause serious problems with tissue necrosis, but this is not life threatening.
Expensive and time consuming do not equate with dangerous.
Choice "the client always has more side effects" is not always true.

Ability to speak is a major way to identify an airway obstruction.

Although clients do have the right to refuse treatment, the nurse should remain nonjudgmental and inform the client of available services.
Frequently elders are not aware of existing programs.

Nursing assistants have an expanding role in many states. For example, some states permit nursing assistants to take ECGs, or EKGs, and to perform phlebotomy when they are given the necessary training and have been deemed competent to do so.
Only nurses assess; nursing assistants cannot assess the physical status of the patients.

Compazine is the drug that should be administered.

The shunt may be blocked and require immediate medical attention.

Parathyroid hormone depresses renal tubular reabsorption of phosphorus.
All of the other choices are functions of parathyroid hormone.

Elder adults might be more at risk for gastric and renal toxicity, increasing among elder adults.

Patients with chronic pain are often affected with drug tolerance.
Drug tolerance occurs when the patient needs increasing dosages of analgesic medications to adequately control their pain in order to produce the same effect that was produced when the drug was originally begun. Drug addiction, on the other hand, is a constant and compulsive need for a drug even when the use of the drug causes harm to the person. Addiction can occur with or without physical dependence.
The need for increasing dosages is not the result of medication side effects or food/drug or drug/drug interactions.

The nurse should positively reinforce each expression of feelings.

All of the choices are functions of the kidneys except reabsorbing waste products.
The kidneys excrete waste products.

Pain may be indicating neurovascular complication.

The most common type of first-degree burn is sunburn, underscoring the need for education regarding the use of sunscreens and avoiding exposure.

The MRI will require supine positioning.

Hemoglobin electrophoresis is used to differentiate between sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease.

The mother's red blood cells lacking a specific marker indicate that she is Rh negative. However, incompatibility only occurs if the baby is Rh positive and the mother is Rh negative. This is typically not a problem with a first pregnancy, but in a subsequent pregnancy, the incompatibility can cause the antibodies created during the first pregnancy to attack the new fetus' red blood cells.
A blood transfusion would have no effect on this problem.

Due to the loud noises from the scanner moving to obtain images, earplugs need to be worn.
No metal objects are allowed, including jewelry, pacemakers, and artificial joints.

Electroencephalography is indicated for assessing clients with a seizure disorder.

It might take several weeks of therapy for the client with Parkinson's disease to see improvement in symptoms.
Choice "That varies from client to client." is also true but is not the best response to the question.
Choice "You should discuss that with your physician." might be indicated but is not the best response to the question.
Choice "You should notice a difference in a few days." is incorrect.

Spinnbarkheit is the correct terminology to identify the cervical mucus described. This type of mucus occurs at ovulation and its assessment is used to help couples determine the time they are most likely to conceive. Ferning capacity or crystallization also increases as ovulation approaches. The only way that ferning can be identified is to place the cervical mucus on a microscope slide, let it air dry, and then examine it for a fern-type appearance. Lack of ferning cannot be determined without microscopic examination. Inhospitable cervical mucus refers to mazelike patterns of mucoid strands in cervical mucus that prohibit sperm motility. Other characteristics that make the mucus inhospitable relate to hormone levels, infection, and so on. These conditions cannot be determined by the description supplied in the question.

Tachycardia, hypertension, and bronchodilation can all occur with Albuterol.

Process standards define the actions and behaviors required by staff to provide care.
A procedure for changing IV tubing is a psychomotor skill that is applied to helping clients meet their goals.

Ill health, malnutrition, and wasting as a result of chronic disease are all associated with cachexia.
Cachexia can also result from dehiscence of a surgical incision or rupture of wound closure.
Surgical asepsis refers to using a sterile technique to protect against infection before, during, and after surgery.
The breakdown of tissue, especially after severe trauma or crush injuries is known as catabolism.
Venous stasis is a disorder related to pooling of blood in a vein of the body; venous stasis typically occurs in the lower extremities and it is one of the many hazards, or complications, of immobilization.

These are appropriate measure to promote sleep.
Exercising vigorously for 20 minutes each night beginning at 9:30 p.m., taking a cool shower and drinking a hot cup of tea, watching TV nightly until midnight are all stimulation actions that increase arousal and wakefulness.

Ingestion of chocolate can reduce lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure leading to reflux and clinical symptoms of GERD.
The other foods do not affect LES pressure.

Huntington's chorea is characterized by writhing, twisting movements of the face and limbs.
The remaining options are neurological disorders that do not have such movements as part of their disease process.

Nurses need to inform clients that there is a difference in perceptions and pay attention to the content of hallucinations.
The other options are not therapeutic.

Beta cells secrete insulin.

Nasogastric feedings are most appropriate for a client who is unable to swallow. Nothing by mouth leads to nutritional deficiencies. The client might aspirate a clear liquid diet. TPN is not necessary as long as the gut is still functioning.

The blood pressure should be checked first for a client who has just vomited 300 cc of bright red blood, to determine whether the client is hypotensive.
The other actions can be taken later.

Coma might be seen in a client with a high ammonia level.

Flexed toward the side being examined.