Cynthia is a clinical social worker in a hospital setting. She is currently taking an online course that explains medical terminology and consults daily with physicians to clarify any questions she may have. Clinical social workers assume the responsibility to increase and specialize in their practice knowledge. Self-study, consultation, and on-going education are all part of what essential actMty?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationQuality social work services can be assured when there is strong dedication to credentials, publications, training courses, education and consultation. Professionals are ethically required to be current on research, techniques and theories that guide social work practice.
A high profile company demonstrates success through its diverse work force. Each employee is a part of a team that has learned to accept gender, race and nationality differences. The focus instead, is on building trust and respect through indMdual commonalities. What is being practiced at this level?
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ExplanationDiversity works at many levels. There can be cultural diversity but not gender diversity. There can be cultural diversity but not ethnic diversity, as cultures are often comprised of many ethnic groups. Respecting indMduals as indMduals encompasses all of the above.
A multi-d isciplina ry team supports the progress and development of indMduals with disabilities. The focus of the group is to ensure the person maintains as full a life as possible. Often the members include doctors, occupational therapists, psychiatrists, teachers and clinical social workers. Which of the following areas would a professional social worker typically not engage?
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Identifying gaps in service provision
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Promoting the rights ofdisabled indMduals
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Locating respite andfamily support
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Diagnosing the disability
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Correct answerD
ExplanationClinical social workers stay within their boundaries while acting on a multi-disciplinary team. They help assess the situation, identify community resources, and advocate for the disabled indMdual.
What is thefirst step in a psychological assessment?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationThe first step in a psychological assessment is a biopsychosocial history, which involves identifying the chief complaint, past psychological history, present illnesses, and current mental status. Sometimes this information is difficult to obtain if the patient is unwilling to aid in disclosure. Once the data is obtained, neurological and psychological testing can take place. When all information is collected, the patient is informed of the results and treatment begins.
Clinical social work interventions often require therapyto help a client overcome dysfunctional thinking. A professional would start by identifying assumptions the indMdual makes and locate those thoughts that are unrealistic. What form of therapy is being described?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationCognitive therapy helps a client identify distorted thoughts, modify and change behaviors. Once an indMdual is fully aware of these feelings, change comes easily and one can begin to relate with others in different ways.
A clinical social worker is helping a client who has had a tumultuous past. The cIient's main issue is the way his history has come full circle and now presents current problems. After a thorough assessment, the social worker decides to focus on the here and now. What therapy might she utilize?
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Cognitive behavioral therapy
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Correct answerC
ExplanationGestalt therapy utilizes the past to solve a current problem. Clients are shown how to expand on their awareness through dialogue and experimental methods. They are taught self-regulation and lead through actMties geared toward tackling the past.
According to research on autism, indMduals suffering from this disorder have abnormalities in several areas of the brain. Manifestations vary according to chronological age and develop mental level. One third of people with autism have:
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Intelligible spoken language
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Appropriate peer relations
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Correct answerC
ExplanationOne third of people with autism have normal |Qs. The main symptom of autism is the impaired development of social interaction and communication. Autism is a spectrum disorder characterized by a certain set of behaviors. IndMduals with autism may display these behaviors in different combinations or to different degrees.
A small community is located across from a town garbage dump. There are no fences surrounding the unsanitary grounds, methods to prevent water seepage, or attempts to keep the pest problem to a minimum. A clinical social worker decides to take these concerns to town hall with the threat of notifying the Board of Health. Soon, changes begin to be noticeable, and the community can be comfortable in their environment. What authority was exercised by the professional?
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ExplanationThe clinical social worker utilized advocacy skills to bring about positive changes to the community. To advocate means to step in and support indMduals or communities who lack the leadership, skills, resources, or access to help themselves.
Behavior therapy involves obtaining information from clients pertaining to behaviors that reduce the quality of life or cause stress. Training usually occurs in the form of environmental modifications, relaxation, and desensitization. Clinical social workers can utilize this practice for other psychological conditions such as what?
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Obsessive compulsive disorder
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ExplanationClinical social workers can use behaviortherapyto help clients with ADHD, depression, and obsessive compulsive disorder. This practice is also successful in the treatment of certain addictions. The theory behind behavior therapy is to promote positive reinforcement, modeling, and social skills. Information is gathered from clients and temporary changes made in certain actMties.
Question 10
Single choice
Professionals often utilize an approach to treat mental health that deals with imagery. Studies show that a mind can spontaneously generate pictures, providing insight into solutions and reactions. Sex offenders have found positive results with this method.
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Correct answerB
ExplanationGuided imagery is an approach that deals with behavior modification through the use of inner experience. Imagery can be utilized as a type of mental rehearsal, seeing the result before it happens.
Question 11
Single choice
Larry has knowledge that a fellow colleague is teaching parenting skills during his sessions with clients. This is not a field of expertise, and the coIIeague's instruction is based on personal parenting experiences. Larry has tried to discuss this issue with the fellow clinical social worker but has not been successful. What ethical standard is the colleague violating?
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Correct answerB
ExplanationWhen a clinical social worker is not acting in his or her area of expertise, they are demonstrating incompetency. If a professional believes that a colleague is incompetent and has not taken steps to address the issue, action should be taken by established organizations.
Question 12
Single choice
The study of how chiIdren's minds work has been quite influential within the educational theory. One such theorist proposed that thinking does not develop at the same level in a smooth manner. There are times when thinking transitions into new areas and capabilities. This overall vision was brought to life by what famous biologist?
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ExplanationJean Piaget completed his studies by observing, talking and listening to children. His particular interest was in maturation skills and the capacity for indMduals to understand their surrounding world. He identified transitions taking place at different ages from birth up.
Question 13
Single choice
The nation's leading medical problem is not cancer, lung or heart disease. The problem has definite causes and effects on one in five adult Americans. Research suggests genetic, neurological, biochemical, psychological and environmental origins. What condition is being described?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationMore than 57 million Americans, or about one in four adults, suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year. The sooner symptoms are recognized the better. IndMduals in fear of losing control of their lives require help. Symptoms to look for include: depression, excessive sleeping, deterioration of relationships, unusual behavior, social withdrawal and the inability to express feelings.
Question 14
Single choice
A clinical social worker was observed accepting money from an attorney for a copy of a cIient's record. The colleague who witnessed the event discussed the matter with the professional, and efforts are being made to resolve the problem. The actions that took place in regards to the cIient's records fall under what category?
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ExplanationAll clinical social workers need to take appropriate measures to expose, prevent, discourage or correct unethical conduct by fellow colleagues. They are under obligation to not share client information without a signed informed consent. According to HIPAA, all clients have a legal right to their privacy.
Question 15
Single choice
Cognitive therapy is often used to promote professionalism within a diverse community. Sessions may involve ego psychology and multicultural perspectives. Which specific practice within cognitive therapy would be most effective in such sessions?
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ExplanationAdvancing the social conditions within a community is a method utilized in indirect practice. Psychological counseling, guidance and assistance are often made available to disadvantaged indMduals.
Question 16
Single choice
Goals play a major role in effective treatment planning by shifting the focus from what a client cannot do, ASWB [GSW Erram to what can be successfully accomplished. The importance is the ability to track an indMduaI's progress towards problem solutions. Goals are also productive for increasing a cIient's awareness of choices and allowing them full participation in the therapeutic process. Self-determined goals are consistent with what perspective?
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ExplanationClients require a clear indicator of wellness during treatment. Establishing goals emphasizes self-determination and empowerment. IndMduals are able to associate with treatment, participation and evaluation. Goals hold clients accountable for making better choices and enhancing their lives.
Question 17
Single choice
Howard Gardner developed the MuItipIe Intelligence Theory. This model demonstrates and measures capabilities people actually possess. There are 7 original features that Gardner interpreted. The first six include: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. What is the 7th feature of the Multiple Intelligence Theory?
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ExplanationThe bodily-kinesthetic feature of the Multiple Intelligence Theory takes into account body movement control, manual dexterity, physical agility, balance, and eye -body coordination. Howard Gardner mentored under Erik Erikson and was highly influenced by Jeanne Piaget, Jerome Bruner, and philosopher Nelson Goodman.
Question 18
Single choice
Client records hold valuable information pertaining to the services and needs of an indMdual or family. Documentation should refilect the services being provided in an accurate manner. What is another important consideration?
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ExplanationTimely documentation facilitates the referral of services and ensures a continuous pattern for a cIient's future. Privacy is an important aspect of documentation, and the record should only contain information directly relevant to the services being provided. Client records should be stored appropriately for future access.
Question 19
Single choice
Alex is having lunch with other social work colleagues when one of them says he is late for an assessment. Without much thought, he states the client lives in a poor neighborhood and probably can't even tell time. What problem should be addressed?
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ExplanationStereotyping is a preconceived notion pertaining to a group of indMduals. In the situation with Alex, a fellow colleague appears to believe all poverty-level people are lacking in intelligence. This is a category the clinical social worker has organized in his thinking to save time when predicting a social environment.
Question 20
Single choice
A clinical social worker is providing services for a client who suffered years of sexual abuse by a guardian. There is very little rapport, and the professional understands the challenges ahead. What needs to be established before therapy can be successful?
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Completion ofa thorough assessment
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Foundation based on a trusting relationship
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Correct answerB
ExplanationBefore therapy can be successful, an intimate relationship must be established between the clinical social worker and the client. A relationship in social work is defined as a beginning and end with human encounters between two or more people.
Question 21
Single choice
The definition of extended families has changed over the years. More recently, a family is usually spread out across the country. MiddIe and upper class indMduals tend to move away based on occupational opportunities. Lower class families tend to move toward each other when locating housing or financial stability. With the geological isolation coming into play, families are found to be more private than they once were. What is one ofthe consequences of children having fewer adults in their lives?
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Less knowledgeable of family history
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More emotionally dependent on parents
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Further isolated among peers
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Unable to socialize appropriately
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Correct answerB
ExplanationWhen fewer adults are present in a chiId's life, they will not consider a seldom seen relative important. Their focus and dependency lies solely with the parents. Children miss out on sharing values, tasks and attitudes.
Question 22
Single choice
Clinical social workers empower indMduals to function effectively through personal growth and development. They provide advocacy and education to help end oppression and promote self-determination. What public entitlements do professionals strive to uphold for their clientele?
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Rights and responsibilities
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ExplanationIndMduals have a right and responsibility to participate in society, working toward a common good. When these rights are protected, a healthy community can be achieved. Everyone has a right to options necessary for human decency. Clientele have responsibilities to society, community and family.
Question 23
Single choice
Clinical social workers will have success with self-determined goals when the client feels it is within their capacity. Commitment can be obtained when the indMdual feels the goal is important through their active participation. Performance is affected through four mechanisms. Which of thefollowing is not related?
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leads to the discovery of task-relevant knowledge
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attention is moved away from irrelevant actMties
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acknowledgement of interaction
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ExplanationThe fourth mechanism is the energizing function. This theory also recognizes the relevance of task performance based on goal commitment, feedback and self-efficacy. It is the focus of the clinical social worker to ensure the goal set forth by the client is attainable.
Question 24
Single choice
Abraham MasIow's original hierarchy of needs contains five elements that must be satisfied in order, the first being the most obvious need for survival. If lower level stages are not achieved, the effects of higher order needs cannot be met. MasIow's theory remains valid todayfor understanding personal development and human motivation. What stage is concerned with personal growth and fulfillment?
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Belongingness and love needs
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ExplanationSelf-actualization needs pertain to personal growth and fulfillment. This also includes the realization of personal potential and peak experiences. MasIow developed the Hierarchy of Needs in the 1940s. Since that time, other stages have been added such as cognitive needs, aesthetic needs and transcendence needs.
Question 25
Single choice
Survivors of a traumatic experience will often revisit the experience mentally, emotionally, and physically. Some indMduals turn to avoidance techniques. They may shut down emotionally or feel unconnected to the world. Asocial worker may work with such a client by using counter-intuitive methods. This means:
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Using your feelings in working with the client instead of your training.
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Relying on the cIient's intuition about how to proceed.
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Utilizing supervision to develop a treatment plan.
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Moving into a space where the client may be afraid to go.
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ExplanationCounter-intuitive measures literally mean doing something that does not appearto be logical initially. In the case of trauma, one method of working with clients is to have them CK -visit the tra uma, but process it in ways that are different from the initial reactions, such as the client seeing him or herself as empowered, ratherthan helpless. Because clients are trying to "get awa;/' from the trauma, this approach seems counter to what they are hoping to achieve.
Question 26
Single choice
Covert conditioning, or guided imagery, relies on a person's capacity to utilize imagery and is often a component of self-help methods. Psychologists have researched the ability of an indMduaI's mind to generate these pictures as a solution to improve typical situation reactions. Guided imagery is an example of which basic principle?
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Correct answerC
ExplanationGuided imagery is an example of behavior modification. This technique is utilized in mental health treatment to improve cIients' inner experiences and has been proven to be effective with sex offenders. Guided imagery relies on an indMduaI's ability to use imagery for mental rehearsal.
Question 27
Single choice
Jeremiah grew up in a family where college is of utmost importance. His parents and siblings have all graduated from prestigious colleges. When Jeremiah does not get accepted to the college of his choice, he decides to change his plans for the future. He begins to feel that education is overrated and that it would be better to seek employment before getting any older. This motivation to change a belief or behavior to avoid a distressing feeling is part of what theory'?
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Correct answerB
ExplanationChanging a belief or behavior to avoid a distressing feeling is an example of cognitive dissonance. Social psychologist Leon Festinger is known for his theories on cognitive dissonance. IndMduals will change their attitude towards something if they feel it may result in failure. Important issues with greater discrepancy between behavior and belief will cause a higher degree of dissonance.
Question 28
Single choice
Citalopram or Celexa is often used to treat anxiety. It comes in tablet form and should be taken by mouth one time per day. This drug is in a class of antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). How does citalopram work?
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It speeds up circuits in the brain.
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It increases the amount of serotonin in the brain.
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It decreases the amount of serotonin in the brain.
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Correct answerC
ExplanationCitalopram increases the amount of serotonin in the brain. Increasing the amount of serotonin helps maintain mental balance for people suffering from anxiety or depression. Other common uses for Citalopram include treating depression, eating disorders, panic disorders, premen strual dysphoric disorder and social phobias. Many doctors will start their patients out on a low dose and slowly increase it over a series of weeks.
Question 29
Single choice
Nlaladaptive behaviors refer to those that inhibit an indMduaI's abilityto adjust to a specific situation. They prevent people from properly adapting to the demands of everyday life and are often utilized to reduce anxiety. What answer represents a common set of maladaptive behaviors?
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Avoidance, substance abuse,, withdrawal
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Physical abuse, avoidance, withdrawal, panic
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Substance abuse, violence, association, withdrawal
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Anger, physical abuse, avoidance, withdrawal
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Correct answerA
ExplanationAvoidance, substance abuse, anger, and withdrawal are four common maladaptive behaviors, also considered dysfunctional. They only provide short-term relief from anxiety and are not productive in alleviating the problem. Manytimes they will serve as reinforcements for underlying issues.
Question 30
Single choice
Parents may come to a social worker for help in controlling and disciplining their chiId(ren). An approach IISWB [GSW Erram that asserts that the issue rests solely with the child comes from a medical model which emphasizes fixing what is broken by addressing the symptoms. Social workers come from a more holistic approach called
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Correct answerC
ExplanationPerson-in-environment looks at all the factors that affect behavior including the environmental circumstances. In the case of a misbehaving child, understanding the environment in which they are misbehaving, including how the parent actually disciplines is a far better approach than viewing the child as "broken" because he or she misbehaves.
Question 31
Single choice
Motor development flows along several basic principles, each one influenced by many areas. Ethnicity, birth size, nutrition, genetics and social class all play a role. This process depends on familial patterns and environmental factors. How is motor development defined?
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Process by which a child learns movement
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Process by which a child manipulates movement
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Correct answerA
ExplanationMotor development is a process that includes fine and gross skills. Fine motor skills include picking up small objects or coloring, while gross motor skills involve walking, running and climbing. Increased stimulation does not necessarily enhancethe development.
Question 32
Single choice
Dependent personality disorder is often defined as the need to be taken care of by others. IndMduals with this problem have low levels of confidence in their own intelligence and abilities. How is dependent personality disorder different from avoidant personality disorder?
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Dependent personalities are oversensitive to criticism.
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Avoidant personalities fear rejection and will withdrawal.
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Dependent personalities are passive and nonassertive.
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Avoidant personalities are easily influenced and taken advantage of.
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Correct answerB
ExplanationBoth disorders are characterized by a frequent need for assurance, feelings of inadequacy and oversensitMty. IndMduals with avoidant personality disorder have such a fear of rejection that they will withdrawal until acceptance is certain. Dependent personalities will seek out contact with others until they get approval.
Question 33
Single choice
An MSW graduate in Social Work can provide treatmentwithout a state license.
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Correct answerB
ExplanationFalse. In this case it is about more than just the degree. You must also have experience and supervision fora minimum of4000 hours, plus pass the clinical exam.
Question 34
Single choice
Borderline personality disorder makes indMduals feel uncertain about their identity and self-image. Those suffering from this problem tend to take little responsibility for their pred icaments and view themselves as victims. This disorder can have long-term chronic patterns, often affecting work and relationships. Which of thefollowing symptoms is not associated with borderline personality disorder?
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Correct answerB
ExplanationSymptoms of borderline personality disorder include impulsiveness, substance abuse, and irresponsible sexual relationships, but not obsession. Other symptoms include the intolerance of being alone, feelings of emptiness, frequent anger episodes, and self-injury. IndMduals with this problem often avoid real or imaginary abandonment and demonstrate impulsive tendencies. Group therapy is the most successfulwith borderline personality disorder.
Question 35
Single choice
A clinical social worker named Richard is meeting with a juvenile for the first time. The client has been in a lot of trouble with the law. As Richard goes through the thick file of offenses, he notices that nothing good has ever been mentioned about the teen. Richard does not want to focus on all of the negative experiences, but rather on how he can collaborate in pursuing a better vision for the future. What type of therapeutic technique will be more effective with thejuvenile?
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Correct answerA
ExplanationThe strengths perspective in therapy helps identify and respect the assets, resources and knowledge of every person. Clinical social workers utilizing this technique view others as having the ability and wisdom to accomplish their goals. It focuses on the right within people instead ofthe wrong.
Question 36
Single choice
MadeIine is a clinical social worker who is at a school function with her son when she recognizes a young boy involved in one of her cases. The child appears to be one of her son's close friends and immediately remembers MadeIine. Before the social worker can avoid the conversation, the child says, "You're the lady that comes to my house all the time." This immediately brings up questions from Made|ine's son. What should she do?
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Lie to her son and say she does not knowthe boy
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Protect her son by taking him home immediately
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Tell her son she is not at liberty to discuss it. Redirect any continuing questions.
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Not allow her son to play with him while she is there
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Correct answerC
ExplanationThe clinical social worker recognizes this situation as a conflict of interest underthe NASW Code of Ethics. Instead of alienating her son's friendship with the child, she should let her son know she cannot answer his question and redirect the conversation to a less sensitive topic. MadeIine needs to make administration aware of the problem and allow them the decision as to whether or not to transfer the case to another professional. In rural areas, it is often part of the job to professionally manage dual relationships, as the community is too small to avoid working with people you may see in a social venue. In these cases, professional boundaries and close supervision are important.
Question 37
Single choice
During a crisis situation, it is important to prevent extreme mental, physical, behavioral and emotional reactions. A system of interventions begins shortly after the incident by a team of highly skilled professionals. This team normally includes mental health experts, support personnel and clergy. The intervention system includes support groups, stress management and one-on-one programs. What system is being described?
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Critical incident stress management
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Critical incident post reactive
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Correct answerA
ExplanationCritical incident stress management or CISM, refers to a system that was initially designed for high-risk professional groups such as disaster response units, military and emergency personnel. This team of professionals helps prevent post-traumatic stress disorder and other associated problems. It is recommended that debriefing occur within 24 hours of the crisis by peer support personnel or emergency service workers.
Question 38
Single choice
Scott has been in and out of traditional therapy with little effect on his problems. He feels the main focus is on the issue rather than the solution, and this tends to place him in a passive, helpless role. He already knows what is wrong but wants to move towards what is right. What goal would a clinical social worker aim for with this in mind?
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Correct answerA
ExplanationSolution building should be the main goal when working with Scott. In solution building, a clinical social worker would attempt to change how an indMdual thinks about a solution and educate them on how to achieve happiness.
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