Test Prep Test Prep Certifications HESI-A2 Questions & Answers

• Question 491:

  Reading Material

  A quantitative descriptive study focused on the attitudes of nurses towards chronic pain found in the cancer patient population. The study sample was composed of 93 nurses from three hospitals with an average age of 30.54 years. Of these, 45.2% had a bachelor's degree.

  Throughout their professional careers, 91.4% of the nurses said they had acquired training in the assessment and treatment of pain. A small percentage, 18.3%, acquired this training through postgraduate studies or equivalent. However, 76.5% of these nurses found their training insufficient and experienced difficulties in the assessment of chronic pain in cancer patients.

  Independent variables were not found to influence the attitudes of the nurses in this study. The study concluded that many nurses have little knowledge about cancer-related pain in the areas of pain assessment, pain management, psychological pain, spiritual pain, and the side effects of analgesic therapy. The results suggest the need for more training in the area of pain and pain assessment in this population.

  Which of these is not mentioned in the accompanying text?

  A. More than 30% of the nurses that participated in the study have a bachelor's degree.

  B. A small percentage of nurses acquired their training through postgraduate studies.

  C. Nurses need more training in the area of pain.

  D. This study was influenced by independent variables.

  Correct Answer: D

• Question 492:

  Reading Material

  A quantitative descriptive study focused on the attitudes of nurses towards chronic pain found in the cancer patient population. The study sample was composed of 93 nurses from three hospitals with an average age of 30.54 years. Of these, 45.2% had a bachelor's degree.

  Throughout their professional careers, 91.4% of the nurses said they had acquired training in the assessment and treatment of pain. A small percentage, 18.3%, acquired this training through postgraduate studies or equivalent. However, 76.5% of these nurses found their training insufficient and experienced difficulties in the assessment of chronic pain in cancer patients.

  Independent variables were not found to influence the attitudes of the nurses in this study. The study concluded that many nurses have little knowledge about cancer-related pain in the areas of pain assessment, pain management, psychological pain, spiritual pain, and the side effects of analgesic therapy. The results suggest the need for more training in the area of pain and pain assessment in this population.

  What is the main conclusion you can draw from the accompanying text?

  A. Nurses need more training in order to take care of patients in pain.

  B. Nurses are scared of chronic pain.

  C. Nurses are completely prepared to take care of patients with chronic pain.

  D. Nurses can't deal with their patients' pain.

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 493:

  Reading Material

  An allergy is defined as an "immunological hypersensitivity to a specific external stimulus" or, simply put, an exaggerated response of the immune system to a substance that is foreign to the body. Patients with allergies are called "atopic" or, more popularly, "allergic". The diagnosis of an allergy is mainly clinical and it can be aided by skin allergy tests and laboratory examinations.

  Skin allergy tests are fast, practical, and can be done in an allergy and immunology provider's office. While skin tests are generally sufficient to confirm a diagnosis, doctors may also request complementary laboratory studies for further confirmation. These blood tests may diagnose an increase in white blood cells or antibodies for common allergy triggers, such as pet dander, grasses, and molds. Blood tests may help confirm or exclude the possibility of an allergy and, consequently, reduce adverse reactions caused by unnecessary medication. A correct diagnosis, along with proper treatment based on the valid results of allergy tests, will help reduce or eliminate the incidence of symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life.

  Which of these statements cannot be inferred from this passage?

  A. Giving medicine for an allergy that does not exist can be harmful.

  B. The term allergic is used more than atopic when referring to people with allergies.

  C. Skin tests are the most accurate way to confirm an allergy test.

  D. It would be wise to seek a correct diagnosis and treatment of allergies.

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 494:

  Reading Material

  An allergy is defined as an "immunological hypersensitivity to a specific external stimulus" or, simply put, an exaggerated response of the immune system to a substance that is foreign to the body. Patients with allergies are called "atopic" or, more popularly, "allergic". The diagnosis of an allergy is mainly clinical and it can be aided by skin allergy tests and laboratory examinations.

  Skin allergy tests are fast, practical, and can be done in an allergy and immunology provider's office. While skin tests are generally sufficient to confirm a diagnosis, doctors may also request complementary laboratory studies for further confirmation. These blood tests may diagnose an increase in white blood cells or antibodies for common allergy triggers, such as pet dander, grasses, and molds. Blood tests may help confirm or exclude the possibility of an allergy and, consequently, reduce adverse reactions caused by unnecessary medication. A correct diagnosis, along with proper treatment based on the valid results of allergy tests, will help reduce or eliminate the incidence of symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life.

  Why is it important to be tested for allergies if they are suspected?

  A. to exclude certain allergies and explore the possibility of others

  B. all of these

  C. to reduce adverse reactions caused by unnecessary allergy medications

  D. to reduce the incidence of allergy-related symptoms

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 495:

  Reading Material

  A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most useful and requested types of analysis in medical practice. A CBC searches for all the cells that exist in the blood, which are divided into three basic types: white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (erythrocytes). All of these blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and correspond to a specific exam, integrated in the CBC: erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram.

  The erythrogram studies red blood cells. Among other tests, it includes a red blood cell count, a hematocrit, and hemoglobin. When these levels are low, the patient may be suffering from anemia, which can be caused by anything from heavy menstrual bleeding to Addison's disease. A diagnosis of polycythemia may be made if the number of red blood cells is increased.

  The leukogram is the test that evaluates the number of white cells present in the blood, which should vary between 4,000 and 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter in most adults. High values of white blood cells are seen with infection or severe emotional/physical stress, while AIDS and chemotherapy are two causes for low values.

  The thrombogram is the analysis of platelets, the cells responsible for coagulation. The main function of platelets is to help stop bleeding by helping form a clot. They do this by secreting proteins from their surface that allow them to stick to vessels and each other. Low values of platelets are seen with pregnancy or an enlarged spleen, whereas high values are seen with cancers or iron deficiency.

  Which statement can correctly be inferred from the accompanying passage?

  A. A CBC gives a more complete evaluation of a patient's blood than a leukogram.

  B. The test of red blood cells is more informative than the tests of white blood cells and platelets.

  C. An elevated level of platelets is a confirmation of pregnancy in the patient.

  D. A CBC should be part of every physical exam because it tells so much about the patient's blood.

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 496:

  Reading Material

  A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most useful and requested types of analysis in medical practice. A CBC searches for all the cells that exist in the blood, which are divided into three basic types: white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (erythrocytes). All of these blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and correspond to a specific exam, integrated in the CBC: erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram.

  The erythrogram studies red blood cells. Among other tests, it includes a red blood cell count, a hematocrit, and hemoglobin. When these levels are low, the patient may be suffering from anemia, which can be caused by anything from heavy menstrual bleeding to Addison's disease. A diagnosis of polycythemia may be made if the number of red blood cells is increased.

  The leukogram is the test that evaluates the number of white cells present in the blood, which should vary between 4,000 and 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter in most adults. High values of white blood cells are seen with infection or severe emotional/physical stress, while AIDS and chemotherapy are two causes for low values.

  The thrombogram is the analysis of platelets, the cells responsible for coagulation. The main function of platelets is to help stop bleeding by helping form a clot. They do this by secreting proteins from their surface that allow them to stick to vessels and each other. Low values of platelets are seen with pregnancy or an enlarged spleen, whereas high values are seen with cancers or iron deficiency.

  What is the name of the disease characterized by a high number of red blood cells?

  A. This condition was not mentioned in this passage.

  B. thrombocytopenia

  C. polycythemia

  D. anemia

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 497:

  Reading Material

  A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most useful and requested types of analysis in medical practice. A CBC searches for all the cells that exist in the blood, which are divided into three basic types: white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (erythrocytes). All of these blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and correspond to a specific exam, integrated in the CBC: erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram.

  The erythrogram studies red blood cells. Among other tests, it includes a red blood cell count, a hematocrit, and hemoglobin. When these levels are low, the patient may be suffering from anemia, which can be caused by anything from heavy menstrual bleeding to Addison's disease. A diagnosis of polycythemia may be made if the number of red blood cells is increased.

  The leukogram is the test that evaluates the number of white cells present in the blood, which should vary between 4,000 and 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter in most adults. High values of white blood cells are seen with infection or severe emotional/physical stress, while AIDS and chemotherapy are two causes for low values.

  The thrombogram is the analysis of platelets, the cells responsible for coagulation. The main function of platelets is to help stop bleeding by helping form a clot. They do this by secreting proteins from their surface that allow them to stick to vessels and each other. Low values of platelets are seen with pregnancy or an enlarged spleen, whereas high values are seen with cancers or iron deficiency.

  According to the accompanying text, what are the names of the three basic blood cells?

  A. leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes

  B. red blood cells, erythrocytes, and platelets

  C. white blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets

  D. erythrograms, leukograms, and thrombograms

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 498:

  

  Which of the following describes the purpose of the passage?

  A. to describe the causes of cystic fibrosis

  B. to explain how cystic fibrosis is passed down through families

  C. to overview the causes of CF and how it is carried

  D. to review why some Americans have CF, but others do not

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 499:

  

  In context, the word "defective" in the first sentence of the passage means which of the following?

  A. unusual

  B. remarkable

  C. postponed

  D. faulty

  Correct Answer: D

• Question 500:

  

  Which statement is not a detail from the passage?

  A. Most children with CF are diagnosed by age 2.

  B. About 1 in 39 Caucasian Americans have the CF gene.

  C. Millions of Americans carry a CF gene, but do not have symptoms.

  D. Mucus is a thick, sticky fluid that cystic fibrosis sufferers produce internally.

  Correct Answer: B