A Development team is deploying new APIs as serverless applications within a company. The team is currently using the AWS Management Console to provision Amazon API Gateway, AWS Lambda, and Amazon DynamoDB resources. A Solutions Architect has been tasked with automating the future deployments of these serverless APIs.
How can this be accomplished?
A. Use AWS CloudFormation with a Lambda-backed custom resource to provision API Gateway. Use the AWS::DynamoDB::Table and AWS::Lambda::Function resources to create the Amazon DynamoDB table and Lambda functions. Write a script to automate the deployment of the CloudFormation template.
B. Use the AWS Serverless Application Model to define the resources. Upload a YAML template and application files to the code repository. Use AWS CodePipeline to connect to the code repository and to create an action to build using AWS CodeBuild. Use the AWS CloudFormation deployment provider in CodePipeline to deploy the solution.
C. Use AWS CloudFormation to define the serverless application. Implement versioning on the Lambda functions and create aliases to point to the versions. When deploying, configure weights to implement shifting traffic to the newest version, and gradually update the weights as traffic moves over.
D. Commit the application code to the AWS CodeCommit code repository. Use AWS CodePipeline and connect to the CodeCommit code repository. Use AWS CodeBuild to build and deploy the Lambda functions using AWS CodeDeploy. Specify the deployment preference type in CodeDeploy to gradually shift traffic over to the new version.
A company needs to cost-effectively persist small data records (up to 1 KiB) for up to 30 days. The data is read rarely. When reading the data, a 5-minute delay is acceptable.
Which of the following solutions achieve this goal? (Choose two.)
A. Use Amazon S3 to collect multiple records in one S3 object. Use a lifecycle configuration to move data to Amazon Glacier immediately after write. Use expedited retrievals when reading the data.
B. Write the records to Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose and configure Kinesis Data Firehose to deliver the data to Amazon S3 after 5 minutes. Set an expiration action at 30 days on the S3 bucket.
C. Use an AWS Lambda function invoked via Amazon API Gateway to collect data for 5 minutes. Write data to Amazon S3 just before the Lambda execution stops.
D. Write the records to Amazon DynamoDB configured with a Time To Live (TTL) of 30 days. Read data using the GetItem or BatchGetItem call.
E. Write the records to an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis. Configure the Redis append-only file (AOF) persistence logs to write to Amazon S3. Recover from the log if the ElastiCache instance has failed.
A company currently uses Amazon EBS and Amazon RDS for storage purposes. The company intends to use a pilot light approach for disaster recovery in a different AWS Region. The company has an RTO of 6 hours and an RPO of 24 hours.
Which solution would achieve the requirements with MINIMAL cost?
A. Use AWS Lambda to create daily EBS and RDS snapshots, and copy them to the disaster recovery region. Use Amazon Route 53 with active-passive failover configuration. Use Amazon EC2 in an Auto Scaling group with the capacity set to 0 in the disaster recovery region.
B. Use AWS Lambda to create daily EBS and RDS snapshots, and copy them to the disaster recovery region. Use Amazon Route 53 with active-active failover configuration. Use Amazon EC2 in an Auto Scaling group configured in the same way as in the primary region.
C. Use Amazon ECS to handle long-running tasks to create daily EBS and RDS snapshots, and copy to the disaster recovery region. Use Amazon Route 53 with active-passive failover configuration. Use Amazon EC2 in an Auto Scaling group with the capacity set to 0 in the disaster recovery region.
D. Use EBS and RDS cross-region snapshot copy capability to create snapshots in the disaster recovery region. Use Amazon Route 53 with active-active failover configuration. Use Amazon EC2 in an Auto Scaling group with the capacity set to 0 in the disaster recovery region.
A company currently uses a single 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection to establish connectivity between an AWS Region and its data center. The company has five Amazon VPCs, all of which are connected to the data center using the same Direct Connect connection. The Network team is worried about the single point of failure and is interested in improving the redundancy of the connections to AWS while keeping costs to a minimum.
Which solution would improve the redundancy of the connection to AWS while meeting the cost requirements?
A. Provision another 1 Gbps Direct Connect connection and create new VIFs to each of the VPCs. Configure the VIFs in a load balancing fashion using BGP.
B. Set up VPN tunnels from the data center to each VPC. Terminate each VPN tunnel at the virtual private gateway (VGW) of the respective VPC and set up BGP for route management.
C. Set up a new point-to-point Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) connection to the AWS Region that's being used. Configure BGP to use this new circuit as passive, so that no traffic flows through this unless the AWS Direct Connect fails.
D. Create a public VIF on the Direct Connect connection and set up a VPN tunnel which will terminate on the virtual private gateway (VGW) of the respective VPC using the public VIF. Use BGP to handle the failover to the VPN connection.
A company is migrating to the cloud. It wants to evaluate the configurations of virtual machines in its existing data center environment to ensure that it can size new Amazon EC2 instances accurately. The company wants to collect metrics, such as CPU, memory, and disk utilization, and it needs an inventory of what processes are running on each instance. The company would also like to monitor network connections to map communications between servers.
Which would enable the collection of this data MOST cost effectively?
A. Use AWS Application Discovery Service and deploy the data collection agent to each virtual machine in the data center.
B. Configure the Amazon CloudWatch agent on all servers within the local environment and publish metrics to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
C. Use AWS Application Discovery Service and enable agentless discovery in the existing virtualization environment.
D. Enable AWS Application Discovery Service in the AWS Management Console and configure the corporate firewall to allow scans over a VPN.
A company has a standard three-tier architecture using two Availability Zones. During the company's off season, users report that the website is not working. The Solutions Architect finds that no changes have been made to the environment recently, the website is reachable, and it is possible to log in. However, when the Solutions Architect selects the "find a store near you" function, the maps provided on the site by a third-party RESTful API call do not work about 50% of the time after refreshing the page. The outbound API calls are made through Amazon EC2 NAT instances.
What is the MOST likely reason for this failure and how can it be mitigated in the future?
A. The network ACL for one subnet is blocking outbound web traffic. Open the network ACL and prevent administration from making future changes through IAM.
B. The fault is in the third-party environment. Contact the third party that provides the maps and request a fix that will provide better uptime.
C. One NAT instance has become overloaded. Replace both EC2 NAT instances with a larger-sized instance and make sure to account for growth when making the new instance size.
D. One of the NAT instances failed. Recommend replacing the EC2 NAT instances with a NAT gateway.
A company has released a new version of a website to target an audience in Asia and South America. The website's media assets are hosted on Amazon S3 and have an Amazon CloudFront distribution to improve end-user performance. However, users are having a poor login experience, the authentication service is only available in the useast-1 AWS Region.
How can the Solutions Architect improve the login experience and maintain high security and performance with minimal management overhead?
A. Replicate the setup in each new geography and use Amazon Route 53 geo-based routing to route traffic to the AWS Region closest to the users.
B. Use an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy to route traffic to the CloudFront distribution. Use CloudFront cached HTTP methods to improve the user login experience.
C. Use Amazon Lambda@Edge attached to the CloudFront viewer request trigger to authenticate and authorize users by maintaining a secure cookie token with a session expiry to improve the user experience in multiple geographies.
D. Replicate the setup in each geography and use Network Load Balancers to route traffic to the authentication service running in the closest region to users.
A company has asked a Solutions Architect to design a secure content management solution that can be accessed by API calls by external customer applications. The company requires that a customer administrator must be able to submit an API call and roll back changes to existing files sent to the content management solution, as needed.
What is the MOST secure deployment design that meets all solution requirements?
A. Use Amazon S3 for object storage with versioning and bucket access logging enabled, and an IAM role and access policy for each customer application. Encrypt objects using SSE-KMS. Develop the content management application to use a separate AWS KMS key for each customer.
B. Use Amazon WorkDocs for object storage. Leverage WorkDocs encryption, user access management, and version control. Use AWS CloudTrail to log all SDK actions and create reports of hourly access by using the Amazon CloudWatch dashboard. Enable a revert function in the SDK based on a static
Amazon S3 webpage that shows the output of the CloudWatch dashboard.
C. Use Amazon EFS for object storage, using encryption at rest for the Amazon EFS volume and a customer managed key stored in AWS KMS. Use IAM roles and Amazon EFS access policies to specify separate encryption keys for each customer application. Deploy the content management application to store all new versions as new files in Amazon EFS and use a control API to revert a specific file to a previous version.
D. Use Amazon S3 for object storage with versioning and enable S3 bucket access logging. Use an IAM role and access policy for each customer application. Encrypt objects using client-side encryption, and distribute an encryption key to all customers when accessing the content management application.
A company is implementing a multi-account strategy; however, the Management team has expressed concerns that services like DNS may become overly complex. The company needs a solution that allows private DNS to be shared among virtual private clouds (VPCs) in different accounts. The company will have approximately 50 accounts in total.
What solution would create the LEAST complex DNS architecture and ensure that each VPC can resolve all AWS resources?
A. Create a shared services VPC in a central account, and create a VPC peering connection from the shared services VPC to each of the VPCs in the other accounts. Within Amazon Route 53, create a privately hosted zone in the shared services VPC and resource record sets for the domain and subdomains. Programmatically associate other VPCs with the hosted zone.
B. Create a VPC peering connection among the VPCs in all accounts. Set the VPC attributes enableDnsHostnames and enableDnsSupport to "true" for each VPC. Create an Amazon Route 53 private zone for each VPC. Create resource record sets for the domain and subdomains. Programmatically associate the hosted zones in each VPC with the other VPCs.
C. Create a shared services VPC in a central account. Create a VPC peering connection from the VPCs in other accounts to the shared services VPC. Create an Amazon Route 53 privately hosted zone in the shared services VPC with resource record sets for the domain and subdomains. Allow UDP and TCP port 53 over the VPC peering connections.
D. Set the VPC attributes enableDnsHostnames and enableDnsSupport to "false" in every VPC. Create an AWS Direct Connect connection with a private virtual interface. Allow UDP and TCP port 53 over the virtual interface. Use the on- premises DNS servers to resolve the IP addresses in each VPC on AWS.
A company is planning the migration of several lab environments used for software testing. An assortment of custom tooling is used to manage the test runs for each lab. The labs use immutable infrastructure for the software test runs, and the results are stored in a highly available SQL database cluster. Although completely rewriting the custom tooling is out of scope for the migration project, the company would like to optimize workloads during the migration.
Which application migration strategy meets this requirement?
A. Re-host
B. Re-platform
C. Re-factor/re-architect
D. Retire
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