CompTIA CompTIA Security+ JK0-022 Questions & Answers

• Question 1031:

  Matt, an administrator, notices a flood fragmented packet and retransmits from an email server. After disabling the TCP offload setting on the NIC, Matt sees normal traffic with packets flowing in sequence again. Which of the following utilities was he MOST likely using to view this issue?

  A. Spam filter

  B. Protocol analyzer

  C. Web application firewall

  D. Load balancer

  Correct Answer: B

  A protocol analyzer is a tool used to examine the contents of network traffic. Commonly known as a sniffer, a protocol analyzer can be a dedicated hardware device or software installed onto a typical host system. In either case, a protocol analyzer is first a packet capturing tool that can collect network traffic and store it in memory or onto a storage device. Once a packet is captured, it can be analyzed either with complex automated tools and scripts or manually.

  Incorrect Answers:

  A: A spam filter is a software or hardware tool whose primary purpose is to identify and block/filter/remove unwanted messages (that is, spam). Spam is most commonly associated with email, but spam also exists in instant messaging (IM), short message service (SMS), Usenet, and web discussions/forums/comments/ blogs. Because spam consumes about 89 percent of all email traffic (see the Intelligence Reports at www.messagelabs.com), it's essential to filter and block spam at every opportunity.

  C: A web application firewall is a device, server add-on, virtual service, or system filter that defines a strict set of communication rules for a website and all visitors. It's intended to be an application-specific firewall to prevent cross-site scripting, SQL injection, and other web application attacks.

  D: A load balancer is used to spread or distribute network traffic load across several network links or network devices.

  References:

  Stewart, James Michael, CompTIA Security+ Review Guide, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, pp 10, 18, 19.

• Question 1032:

  Joe, the Chief Technical Officer (CTO), is concerned about new malware being introduced into the corporate network. He has tasked the security engineers to implement a technology that is capable of alerting the team when unusual traffic is on the network. Which of the following types of technologies will BEST address this scenario?

  A. Application Firewall

  B. Anomaly Based IDS

  C. Proxy Firewall

  D. Signature IDS

  Correct Answer: B

  Anomaly-based detection watches the ongoing activity in the environment and looks for abnormal occurrences. An anomaly-based monitoring or detection method relies on definitions of all valid forms of activity. This database of known valid activity allows the tool to detect any and all anomalies. Anomaly-based detection is commonly used for protocols. Because all the valid and legal forms of a protocol are known and can be defined, any variations from those known valid constructions are seen as anomalies.

  Incorrect Answers:

  A: An application aware firewall provides filtering services for specific applications.

  C: Proxy firewalls are used to process requests from an outside network; the proxy firewall examines the data and makes rule-based decisions about whether the request should be forwarded or refused. The proxy intercepts all of the packets and reprocesses them for use internally.

  D: A signature-based monitoring or detection method relies on a database of signatures or patterns of known malicious or unwanted activity.

  References:

  Stewart, James Michael, CompTIA Security+ Review Guide, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, pp 16, 20. Dulaney, Emmett and Chuck Eastton, CompTIA Security+ Study Guide, Sixth Edition, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, p 98.

• Question 1033:

  The network security engineer just deployed an IDS on the network, but the Chief Technical Officer (CTO) has concerns that the device is only able to detect known anomalies. Which of the following types of IDS has been deployed?

  A. Signature Based IDS

  B. Heuristic IDS

  C. Behavior Based IDS

  D. Anomaly Based IDS

  Correct Answer: A

  A signature based IDS will monitor packets on the network and compare them against a database of signatures or attributes from known malicious threats.

  Incorrect Answers:

  B, C: The technique used by anomaly-based IDS/IPS systems is also referred as network behavior analysis or heuristics analysis.

  D: An IDS which is anomaly based will monitor network traffic and compare it against an established baseline. The baseline will identify what is "normal" for that network- what sort of bandwidth is generally used, what protocols are used, what ports and devices generally connect to each other- and alert the administrator or user when traffic is detected which is anomalous, or significantly different, than the baseline.

  References:

  https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd277353.aspx http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system#Signature-based_IDS http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Intrusion_detection_system#Statistical_anomaly-based_IDS

• Question 1034:

  When performing the daily review of the system vulnerability scans of the network Joe, the administrator, noticed several security related vulnerabilities with an assigned vulnerability identification number. Joe researches the assigned vulnerability identification number from the vendor website. Joe proceeds with applying the recommended solution for identified vulnerability.

  Which of the following is the type of vulnerability described?

  A. Network based

  B. IDS

  C. Signature based

  D. Host based

  Correct Answer: C

  A signature-based monitoring or detection method relies on a database of signatures or patterns of known malicious or unwanted activity. The strength of a signature-based system is that it can quickly and accurately detect any event from its

  database of signatures.

  Incorrect Answers:

  A: A network-based IDS (NIDS) watches network traffic in real time. It's reliable for detecting network-focused attacks, such as bandwidth-based DoS attacks.

  B: An intrusion detection system (IDS) is an automated system that either watches activity in real time or reviews the contents of audit logs in order to detect intrusions or security policy violations.

  C: A host-based IDS (HIDS) watches the audit trails and log fi les of a host system. It's reliable for detecting attacks directed against a host, whether they originate from an external source or are being perpetrated by a user locally logged in to the host.

  References:

  Stewart, James Michael, CompTIA Security+ Review Guide, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, p 21.

• Question 1035:

  In intrusion detection system vernacular, which account is responsible for setting the security policy for an organization?

  A. Supervisor

  B. Administrator

  C. Root

  D. Director

  Correct Answer: B

  The administrator is the person responsible for setting the security policy for an organization and is responsible for making decisions about the deployment and configuration of the IDS.

  Incorrect Answers:

  A, C: Almost every operating system in use today employs the concept of differentiation between users and groups at varying levels. As an example, there is always a system administrator (SA) account that has godlike control over

  everything: root in Unix/Linux, admin (or a deviation of it) in Windows, administrator in Apple OS X, supervisor in Novell NetWare, and so on.

  D: A director is a person from a group of managers who leads or supervises a particular area of a company, program, or project.

  References:

  Dulaney, Emmett and Chuck Eastton, CompTIA Security+ Study Guide, Sixth Edition, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, pp 107, 153.

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_(business)

• Question 1036:

  An administrator is looking to implement a security device which will be able to not only detect network intrusions at the organization level, but help defend against them as well. Which of the following is being described here?

  A. NIDS

  B. NIPS

  C. HIPS

  D. HIDS

  Correct Answer: B

  Network-based intrusion prevention system (NIPS) monitors the entire network for suspicious traffic by analyzing protocol activity. The main functions of intrusion prevention systems are to identify malicious activity, log information about this activity, attempt to block/stop it, and report it

  Incorrect Answers:

  A: A network-based IDS (NIDS) watches network traffic in real time. It's reliable for detecting network-focused attacks, such as bandwidth-based DoS attacks.

  C: Host-based intrusion prevention system (HIPS) is an installed software package which monitors a single host for suspicious activity by analyzing events occurring within that host.

  D: A host-based IDS (HIDS) watches the audit trails and log files of a host system. It's reliable for detecting attacks directed against a host, whether they originate from an external source or are being perpetrated by a user locally logged in to the host.

  References:

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_prevention_system Stewart, James Michael, CompTIA Security+ Review Guide, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, p 21.

• Question 1037:

  Pete, a security administrator, has observed repeated attempts to break into the network. Which of the following is designed to stop an intrusion on the network?

  A. NIPS

  B. HIDS

  C. HIPS

  D. NIDS

  Correct Answer: A

  Network-based intrusion prevention system (NIPS) monitors the entire network for suspicious traffic by analyzing protocol activity. The main functions of intrusion prevention systems are to identify malicious activity, log information about this activity, attempt to block/stop it, and report it

  Incorrect Answers:

  B: A host-based IDS (HIDS) watches the audit trails and log files of a host system. It's reliable for detecting attacks directed against a host, whether they originate from an external source or are being perpetrated by a user locally logged in to the host.

  C: Host-based intrusion prevention system (HIPS) is an installed software package which monitors a single host for suspicious activity by analyzing events occurring within that host.

  D: A network-based IDS (NIDS) watches network traffic in real time. It's reliable for detecting network-focused attacks, such as bandwidth-based DoS attacks.

  References:

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_prevention_system Stewart, James Michael, CompTIA Security+ Review Guide, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, p 21.

• Question 1038:

  Which of the following should be deployed to prevent the transmission of malicious traffic between virtual machines hosted on a singular physical device on a network?

  A. HIPS on each virtual machine

  B. NIPS on the network

  C. NIDS on the network

  D. HIDS on each virtual machine

  Correct Answer: A

  Host-based intrusion prevention system (HIPS) is an installed software package which monitors a single host for suspicious activity by analyzing events occurring within that host.

  Incorrect Answers:

  B: Network-based intrusion prevention system (NIPS) monitors the entire network for suspicious traffic by analyzing protocol activity.

  C: A network-based IDS (NIDS) watches network traffic in real time. It's reliable for detecting network-focused attacks, such as bandwidth-based DoS attacks.

  D: A host-based IDS (HIDS) watches the audit trails and log files of a host system. It's reliable for detecting attacks directed against a host, whether they originate from an external source or are being perpetrated by a user locally logged in to the host.

  References:

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_prevention_system Stewart, James Michael, CompTIA Security+ Review Guide, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, p 21.

• Question 1039:

  Mike, a network administrator, has been asked to passively monitor network traffic to the company's sales websites. Which of the following would be BEST suited for this task?

  A. HIDS

  B. Firewall

  C. NIPS

  D. Spam filter

  Correct Answer: C

  Network-based intrusion prevention system (NIPS) monitors the entire network for suspicious traffic by analyzing protocol activity.

  Incorrect Answers:

  A: A host-based IDS (HIDS) watches the audit trails and log fi les of a host system. It's reliable for detecting attacks directed against a host, whether they originate from an external source or are being perpetrated by a user locally logged in to the host.

  B: Firewalls provide protection by controlling traffic entering and leaving a network.

  D: A spam filter is a software or hardware tool whose primary purpose is to identify and block/filter/remove unwanted messages (that is, spam). Spam is most commonly associated with email, but spam also exists in instant messaging (IM), short message service (SMS), Usenet, and web discussions/forums/comments/ blogs.

  References:

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_prevention_system Stewart, James Michael, CompTIA Security+ Review Guide, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, pp 42, 47.

• Question 1040:

  Pete, the system administrator, wishes to monitor and limit users' access to external websites. Which of the following would BEST address this?

  A. Block all traffic on port 80.

  B. Implement NIDS.

  C. Use server load balancers.

  D. Install a proxy server.

  Correct Answer: D

  A proxy is a device that acts on behalf of other(s). In the interest of security, all internal user interaction with the Internet should be controlled through a proxy server. The proxy server should automatically block known malicious sites. The proxy server should cache often-accessed sites to improve performance.

  Incorrect Answers:

  A: A network-based IDS (NIDS) approach to IDS attaches the system to a point in the network where it can monitor and report on all network traffic.

  B: This would block all web traffic, as port 80 is used for World Wide Web.

  C: In its most common implementation, a load balancer splits the traffic intended for a website into individual requests that are then rotated to redundant servers as they become available.

  References:

  Dulaney, Emmett and Chuck Eastton, CompTIA Security+ Study Guide, Sixth Edition, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, pp 98, 103, 111.