Computer forensics report provides detailed information on complete computer forensics investigation process. It should explain how the incident occurred, provide technical details of the incident and should be clear to understand. Which of the following attributes of a forensics report can render it inadmissible in a court of law?
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It includes metadata about the incident
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It includes relevant extracts referred to In the report that support analysis or conclusions
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It is based on logical assumptions about the incident timeline
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It maintains a single document style throughout the text
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Jack Smith is a forensics investigator who works for Mason Computer Investigation Services. He is investigating a computer that was infected by Ramen Virus.  He runs the netstat command on the machine to see its current connections. In the following screenshot, what do the 0.0.0.0 IP addresses signify?
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Those connections are established
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Those connections are in listening mode
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Those connections are in closed/waiting mode
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D
Those connections are in timed out/waiting mode
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When NTFS Is formatted, the format program assigns the __________ sectors to the boot sectors and to the bootstrap code
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Which of the following refers to the data that might still exist in a cluster even though the original file has been overwritten by another file?
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You have compromised a lower-level administrator account on an Active Directory network of a small company in Dallas, Texas. You discover Domain Controllers through enumeration. You connect to one of the Domain Controllers on port 389 using ldp.exe. What are you trying to accomplish here?
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Enumerate domain user accounts and built-in groups
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Enumerate MX and A records from DNS
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Establish a remote connection to the Domain Controller
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Poison the DNS records with false records
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Sectors in hard disks typically contain how many bytes?
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What is a first sector ("sector zero") of a hard disk?
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Which legal document allows law enforcement to search an office, place of business, or other locale for evidence relating to an alleged crime?
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During an investigation, an employee was found to have deleted harassing emails that were sent to someone else. The company was using Microsoft Exchange and had message tracking enabled. Where could the investigator search to find the message tracking log file on the Exchange server?
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C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\servername.log
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D:\Exchsrvr\Message Tracking\servername.log
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C
C:\Exchsrvr\Message Tracking\servername.log
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D
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Exchange\srvr\servername.log
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Question 10
Single choice
You are using DriveSpy, a forensic tool and want to copy 150 sectors where the starting sector is 1709 on the primary hard drive. Which of the following formats correctly specifies these sectors?
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Question 11
Single choice
A steganographic file system is a method to store the files in a way that encrypts and hides the data without the knowledge of others
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Question 12
Single choice
Law enforcement officers are conducting a legal search for which a valid warrant was obtained. While conducting the search, officers observe an item of evidence for an unrelated crime that was not included in the warrant. The item was clearly visible to the officers and immediately identified as evidence. What is the term used to describe how this evidence is admissible?
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Locard Exchange Principle
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D
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Question 13
Single choice
Data acquisition system is a combination of tools or processes used to gather, analyze and record Information about some phenomenon. Different data acquisition system are used depends on the location, speed, cost. etc. Serial communication data acquisition system is used when the actual location of the data is at some distance from the computer. Which of the following communication standard is used in serial communication data acquisition system?
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Question 14
Single choice
You are conducting an investigation of fraudulent claims in an insurance company that involves complex text searches through large numbers of documents. Which of the following tools would allow you to quickly and efficiently search for a string within a file on the bitmap image of the target computer?
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Question 15
Single choice
Daryl, a computer forensics investigator, has just arrived at the house of an alleged computer hacker. Daryl takes pictures and tags all computer and peripheral equipment found in the house. Daryl packs all the items found in his van and takes them back to his lab for further examination. At his lab, Michael his assistant helps him with the investigation. Since Michael is still in training, Daryl supervises all of his work very carefully. Michael is not quite sure about the procedures to copy all the data off the computer and peripheral devices. How many data acquisition tools should Michael use when creating copies of the evidence for the investigation?
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Question 16
Single choice
Your company's network just finished going through a SAS 70 audit. This audit reported that overall, your network is secure, but there are some areas that needs improvement. The major area was SNMP security. The audit company recommended turning off SNMP, but that is not an option since you have so many remote nodes to keep track of. What step could you take to help secure SNMP on your network?
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Block access to TCP port 171
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Change the default community string names
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Block all internal MAC address from using SNMP
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Block access to UDP port 171
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Question 17
Single choice
What document does the screenshot represent? 
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Question 18
Single choice
All Blackberry email is eventually sent and received through what proprietary RIM-operated mechanism?
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Blackberry Message Center
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Question 19
Single choice
The following is a log file screenshot from a default installation of IIS 6.0.  What time standard is used by IIS as seen in the screenshot?
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Question 20
Single choice
What must be obtained before an investigation is carried out at a location?
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Question 21
Single choice
Smith, as a part his forensic investigation assignment, has seized a mobile device. He was asked to recover the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM card) data the mobile device. Smith found that the SIM was protected by a Personal identification Number (PIN) code but he was also aware that people generally leave the PIN numbers to the defaults or use easily guessable numbers such as 1234. He unsuccessfully tried three PIN numbers that blocked the SIM card. What Jason can do in this scenario to reset the PIN and access SIM data?
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He should contact the device manufacturer for a Temporary Unlock Code (TUK) to gain access to the SIM
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He cannot access the SIM data in this scenario as the network operators or device manufacturers have no idea about a device PIN
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He should again attempt PIN guesses after a time of 24 hours
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He should ask the network operator for Personal Unlock Number (PUK) to gain access to the SIM
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Question 22
Single choice
When using Windows acquisitions tools to acquire digital evidence, it is important to use a well-tested hardware write-blocking device to _________
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Automate collection from image files
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Avoiding copying data from the boot partition
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Acquire data from the host-protected area on a disk
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Prevent contamination to the evidence drive
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Question 23
Single choice
P0P3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is a standard protocol for receiving email that deletes mail on the server as soon as the user downloads it. When a message arrives, the POP3 server appends it to the bottom of the recipient's account file, which can be retrieved by the email client at any preferred time. Email client connects to the POP3 server at _______________by default to fetch emails.
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Question 24
Single choice
File deletion is a way of removing a file from a computer's file system. What happens when a file is deleted in windows7?
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The last letter of a file name is replaced by a hex byte code E5h
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The operating system marks the file's name in the MFT with a special character that indicates that the file has been deleted
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Corresponding clusters in FAT are marked as used
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The computer looks at the clusters occupied by that file and does not avails space to store a new file
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Question 25
Single choice
You are assisting in the investigation of a possible Web Server hack. The company who called you stated that customers reported to them that whenever they entered the web address of the company in their browser, what they received was a pornographic web site. The company checked the web server and nothing appears wrong. When you type in the IP address of the web site in your browser everything appears normal. What is the name of the attack that affects the DNS cache of the name resolution servers, resulting in those servers directing users to the wrong web site?
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Question 26
Single choice
A system with a simple logging mechanism has not been given much attention during development, this system is now being targeted by attackers, if the attacker wants to perform a new line injection attack, what will he/she inject into the log file?
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Question 27
Single choice
Digital evidence validation involves using a hashing algorithm utility to create a binary or hexadecimal number that represents the uniqueness of a data set, such as a disk drive or file. Which of the following hash algorithms produces a message digest that is 128 bits long?
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Question 28
Single choice
The Recycle Bin exists as a metaphor for throwing files away, but it also allows user to retrieve and restore files. Once the file is moved to the recycle bin, a record is added to the log file that exists in the Recycle Bin. Which of the following files contains records that correspond to each deleted file in the Recycle Bin?
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Question 29
Single choice
In a forensic examination of hard drives for digital evidence, what type of user is most likely to have the most file slack to analyze?
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one who has NTFS 4 or 5 partitions
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one who uses dynamic swap file capability
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one who uses hard disk writes on IRQ 13 and 21
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one who has lots of allocation units per block or cluster
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Question 30
Single choice
Web applications provide an Interface between end users and web servers through a set of web pages that are generated at the server-end or contain script code to be executed dynamically within the client Web browser.
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Question 31
Single choice
Simon is a former employee of Trinitron XML Inc. He feels he was wrongly terminated and wants to hack into his former company's network. Since Simon remembers some of the server names, he attempts to run the axfr and ixfr commands using DIG. What is Simon trying to accomplish here?
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Send DOS commands to crash the DNS servers
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Enumerate all the users in the domain
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Question 32
Single choice
A law enforcement officer may only search for and seize criminal evidence with _______________________, which are facts or circumstances that would lead a reasonable person to believe a crime has been committed or is about to be committed, evidence of the specific crime exists and the evidence of the specific crime exists at the place to be searched.
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A preponderance of the evidence
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Beyond a reasonable doubt
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Question 33
Single choice
How often must a company keep log files for them to be admissible in a court of law?
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All log files are admissible in court no matter their frequency
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Question 34
Single choice
Using Linux to carry out a forensics investigation, what would the following command accomplish? dd if=/ usr/home/partition.image of=/dev/sdb2 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror
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Search for disk errors within an image file
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Backup a disk to an image file
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Copy a partition to an image file
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Restore a disk from an image file
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Question 35
Single choice
When investigating a network that uses DHCP to assign IP addresses, where would you look to determine which system (MAC address) had a specific IP address at a specific time?
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A
On the individual computer ARP cacheOn the individual computer? ARP cache
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In the Web Server log files
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In the DHCP Server log files
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There is no way to determine the specific IP address
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Question 36
Single choice
What happens when a file is deleted by a Microsoft operating system using the FAT file system?
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The file is erased and cannot be recovered
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The file is erased but can be recovered partially
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A copy of the file is stored and the original file is erased
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Only the reference to the file is removed from the FAT and can be recovered
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Question 37
Single choice
Data Acquisition is the process of imaging or otherwise obtaining information from a digital device and its peripheral equipment and media
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Question 38
Single choice
Tyler is setting up a wireless network for his business that he runs out of his home. He has followed all the directions from the ISP as well as the wireless router manual. He does not have any encryption set and the SSID is being broadcast. On his laptop, he can pick up the wireless signal for short periods of time, but then the connection drops and the signal goes away. Eventually the wireless signal shows back up, but drops intermittently. What could be Tyler issue with his home wireless network?
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Computers on his wired network
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Question 39
Single choice
Which federal computer crime law specifically refers to fraud and related activity in connection with access devices like routers?
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Question 40
Single choice
An Internet standard protocol (built on top of TCP/IP) that assures accurate synchronization to the millisecond of computer clock times in a network of computers. Which of the following statement is true for NTP Stratum Levels?
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Stratum-0 servers are used on the network; they are not directly connected to computers which then operate as stratum-1 servers
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Stratum-1 time server is linked over a network path to a reliable source of UTC time such as GPS, WWV, or CDMA transmissions
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A stratum-2 server is directly linked (not over a network path) to a reliable source of UTC time such as GPS, WWV, or CDMA transmissions
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D
A stratum-3 server gets its time over a network link, via NTP, from a stratum-2 server, and so on
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Question 41
Single choice
Terri works for a security consulting firm that is currently performing a penetration test on First National Bank in Tokyo. Terri's duties include bypassing firewalls and switches to gain access to the network. Terri sends an IP packet to one of the company's switches with ACK bit and the source address of her machine set. What is Terri trying to accomplish by sending this IP packet?
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Poison the switch's MAC address table by flooding it with ACK bits
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Crash the switch with aDoS attack since switches cannot send ACK bits
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C
Enable tunneling feature on the switch
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D
Trick the switch into thinking it already has a session with Terri's computer
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Question 42
Single choice
Which of the following is not correct when documenting an electronic crime scene?
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Document the physical scene, such as the position of the mouse and the location of components near the system
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Document related electronic components that are difficult to find
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C
Record the condition of the computer system, storage media, electronic devices and conventional evidence, including power status of the computer
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Write down the color of shirt and pant the suspect was wearing
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Question 43
Single choice
John is working on his company policies and guidelines. The section he is currently working on covers company documents; how they shouldJohn is working on his company? policies and guidelines. The section he is currently working on covers company documents; how they should be handled, stored, and eventually destroyed. John is concerned about the process whereby outdated documents are destroyed. What type of shredder should John write in the guidelines to be used when destroying documents?
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Question 44
Single choice
The status of the network interface cards (NICs) connected to a system gives information about whether the system is connected to a wireless access point and what IP address is being used. Which command displays the network configuration of the NICs on the system?
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Question 45
Multiple choice
Which Intrusion Detection System (IDS) usually produces the most false alarms due to the unpredictable behaviors of users and networks?
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A
network-based IDS systems (NIDS)
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host-based IDS systems (HIDS)
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Question 46
Single choice
When cataloging digital evidence, the primary goal is to
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A
Make bit-stream images of all hard drives
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B
Preserve evidence integrity
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C
Not remove the evidence from the scene
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D
Not allow the computer to be turned off
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Question 47
Single choice
You are the network administrator for a small bank in Dallas, Texas. To ensure network security, you enact a security policy that requires all users to have 14 character passwords. After giving your users 2 weeks notice, you change the Group Policy to force 14 character passwords. A week later you dump the SAM database from the standalone server and run a password-cracking tool against it. Over 99% of the passwords are broken within an hour. Why were these passwords cracked so Quickly?
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Passwords of 14 characters or less are broken up into two 7-character hashes
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B
A password Group Policy change takes at least 3 weeks to completely replicate throughout a network
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C
Networks using Active Directory never use SAM databases so the SAM database pulled was empty
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D
The passwords that were cracked are local accounts on the Domain Controller
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Question 48
Single choice
What should you do when approached by a reporter about a case that you are working on or have worked on?
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A
Refer the reporter to the attorney that retained you
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B
Say, o comment?Say, ?o comment
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C
Answer all the reporter questions as completely as possibleAnswer all the reporter? questions as completely as possible
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D
Answer only the questions that help your case
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Question 49
Single choice
During the course of a corporate investigation, you find that an employee is committing a federal crime. Can the employer file a criminal complain with the police?
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A
Yes, and all evidence can be turned over to the police
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B
Yes, but only if you turn the evidence over to a district judge
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C
No, because the investigation was conducted without following standard police procedures
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D
No, because the investigation was conducted without a warrant
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Question 50
Single choice
When investigating a potential e-mail crime, what is your first step in the investigation?
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A
Trace the IP address to its origin
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B
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C
Determine whether a crime was actually committed
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D
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Question 51
Single choice
When you are running a vulnerability scan on a network and the IDS cuts off your connection, what type of IDS is being used?
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Question 52
Single choice
Digital evidence is not fragile in nature.
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Question 53
Single choice
An on-site incident response team is called to investigate an alleged case of computer tampering within their company. Before proceeding with the investigation, the CEO informs them that the incident will be classified as ow level? How long will the team have to respond to the incident?the investigation, the CEO informs them that the incident will be classified as ?ow level? How long will the team have to respond to the incident?
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Question 54
Single choice
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a communication protocol used to connect different hosts in the Internet. It contains four layers, namely the network interface layer. Internet layer, transport layer, and application layer. Which of the following protocols works under the transport layer of TCP/IP?
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Question 55
Single choice
How many characters long is the fixed-length MD5 algorithm checksum of a critical system file?
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Question 56
Single choice
Mobile phone forensics is the science of recovering digital evidence from a mobile phone under forensically sound conditions.
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Question 57
Single choice
Ever-changing advancement or mobile devices increases the complexity of mobile device examinations. Which or the following is an appropriate action for the mobile forensic investigation?
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A
To avoid unwanted interaction with devices found on the scene, turn on any wireless interfaces such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi radios
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B
Do not wear gloves while handling cell phone evidence to maintain integrity of physical evidence
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C
If the device's display is ON. the screen's contents should be photographed and, if necessary, recorded manually, capturing the time, service status, battery level, and other displayed icons
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D
If the phone is in a cradle or connected to a PC with a cable, then unplug the device from the computer
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Question 58
Single choice
The ____________________ refers to handing over the results of private investigations to the authorities because of indications of criminal activity.
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A
Locard Exchange Principle
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B
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D
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Question 59
Single choice
What type of attack sends spoofed UDP packets (instead of ping packets) with a fake source address to the IP broadcast address of a large network?
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Question 60
Single choice
Jason, a renowned forensic investigator, is investigating a network attack that resulted in the compromise of several systems in a reputed multinational's network. He started Wireshark to capture the network traffic. Upon investigation, he found that the DNS packets travelling across the network belonged to a non-company configured IP. Which of the following attack Jason can infer from his findings?
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Question 61
Multiple choice
The rule of thumb when shutting down a system is to pull the power plug. However, it has certain drawbacks. Which of the following would that be?
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A
Any data not yet flushed to the system will be lost
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B
All running processes will be lost
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C
The /tmp directory will be flushed
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D
Power interruption will corrupt the pagefile
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Question 62
Single choice
If a file (readme.txt) on a hard disk has a size of 2600 bytes, how many sectors are normally allocated to this file?
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Question 63
Single choice
Windows Security Event Log contains records of login/logout activity or other security-related events specified by the system's audit policy. What does event ID 531 in Windows Security Event Log indicates?
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A
A user successfully logged on to a computer
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B
The logon attempt was made with an unknown user name or a known user name with a bad password
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C
An attempt was made to log on with the user account outside of the allowed time
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D
A logon attempt was made using a disabled account
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Question 64
Single choice
One technique for hiding information is to change the file extension from the correct one to one that might not be noticed by an investigator. For example, changing a .jpg extension to a .doc extension so that a picture file appears to be a document. What can an investigator examine to verify that a file has the correct extension?
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A
the File Allocation Table
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Question 65
Single choice
Jacob is a computer forensics investigator with over 10 years experience in investigations and has written over 50 articles on computer forensics. He has been called upon as a qualified witness to testify the accuracy and integrity of the technical log files gathered in an investigation into computer fraud. What is the term used for Jacob testimony in this case?computer fraud. What is the term used for Jacob? testimony in this case?
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Question 66
Multiple choice
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A
the amount of data per disk
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B
the amount of data per partition
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C
the amount of data per square inch
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D
the amount of data per platter
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Question 67
Single choice
When investigating a Windows System, it is important to view the contents of the page or swap file because:
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A
Windows stores all of the systems configuration information in this file
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B
This is file that windows use to communicate directly with Registry
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C
A Large volume of data can exist within the swap file of which the computer user has no knowledge
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D
This is the file that windows use to store the history of the last 100 commands that were run from the command line
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Question 68
Single choice
Shortcuts are the files with the extension .Ink that are created and are accessed by the users. These files provide you with information about:
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Question 69
Single choice
Email archiving is a systematic approach to save and protect the data contained in emails so that it can be accessed fast at a later date. There are two main archive types, namely Local Archive and Server Storage Archive. Which of the following statements is correct while dealing with local archives?
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A
It is difficult to deal with the webmail as there is no offline archive in most cases. So consult your counsel on the case as to the best way to approach and gain access to the required data on servers
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B
Local archives do not have evidentiary value as the email client may alter the message data
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C
Local archives should be stored together with the server storage archives in order to be admissible in a court of law
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D
Server storage archives are the server information and settings stored on a local system whereas the local archives are the local email client information stored on the mail server
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Question 70
Single choice
Which of the following statements is not a part of securing and evaluating electronic crime scene checklist?
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A
Locate and help the victim
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B
Transmit additional flash messages to other responding units
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C
Request additional help at the scene if needed
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D
Blog about the incident on the internet
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Question 71
Single choice
JPEG is a commonly used method of compressing photographic Images. It uses a compression algorithm to minimize the size of the natural image, without affecting the quality of the image. The JPEG lossy algorithm divides the image in separate blocks of____________.
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Question 72
Single choice
What is the smallest physical storage unit on a hard drive?
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Question 73
Single choice
Paul's company is in the process of undergoing a complete security audit including logical and physical security testing. After all logical tests were performed; it is now time for the physical round to begin. None of the employees are made aware of this round of testing. The security-auditing firm sends in a technician dressed as an electrician. He waits outside in the lobby for some employees to get to work and follows behind them when they access the restricted areas. After entering the main office, he is able to get into the server room telling the IT manager that there is a problem with the outlets in that room. What type of attack has the technician performed?
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D
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